英语语法专题二十二感叹句 6页

陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句英语语法专题（二十二）感叹句考点诠释考点考查what/how引导的感叹句句型Ⅰ：what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语。1.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle._______itwas!A.WhatadangeroussceneB.WhatdangerousasceneC.HowadangeroussceneD.Howdangerousthescene.【解析】选A。该题考查感叹句的准确运用，也考查名词scene作为单数可数名词的用法。B选项中应该用how代替what;D选项看似正确，但题干中有itwas,不能用。因此在A和C中应该用A,完全符合句型Ⅰ。本题正确答案是A.句型Ⅱ：what+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语。2._____bigfish!Whendidyougetthem?A.WhatB.WhataC.HowC.Howa【解析】选A。由于下个句子中的them可得知，上句中的fish是名词复数，这是因为fish的复数和单数可以同形。根据句型Ⅱ，便知正确答案为A。B选项的迷惑性最大。句型Ⅲ：what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。3._____terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What【解析】选D。题干中的weather是个不可数名词，根据句型Ⅰ，不能选择B和A;根据句型Ⅲ，正确答案是D。how类型的感叹句只能跟单数可数名词，不能用C。句型Ⅳ：how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语。4._______pictureitis!A.HowwonderfulaB.WhatwonderfulC.WhatwonderfulaD.Howawonderful【解析】选A。句型Ⅰ和句型Ⅳ有点共同之处，也就是中心词都是单数可数名词；他们的不同之处是形容词和不定冠词的位置是相反的，由此推断正确答案应该是A。由于picture是单数可数名词，应该排除B；D和C次序不对。句型Ⅴ：How+形容词+主语+谓语。5._____differentlifetodayis______whatitwas30yearsago!A.Whata;fromB.What;fromC.How;fromD.Howa;from【解析】选C。该题的难度很大，关键是life在句子中的成分。在该句中life是主语，不是is的表语。根据句型Ⅴ，正确答案是C。部分学生对句子结构不能正确分析，很容易误选A、B和C。句型Ⅵ：How+副词+主语+谓语。6.______quicklyyouwalk!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa【解析】选A。quickly是副词，题干中没有名词，正确答案是A。知识梳理感叹句感叹句(exclamatorysentence)用来表示说话人喜怒哀乐、惊讶、赞美等强烈感情的句子。用降调，句末用感叹号，句首多用how和what，其余与陈述句结构相同。********************************************************************************************一、带有how的感叹句★★★★★用来感叹形容词、副词或动词，其结构：1、How＋形容词Howlovely！多可爱啊！Hownice！多好啊！Howkindofyou！您好客气！6 陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句2、How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语!Howhappyheis!他是多么的幸福啊!Howexcitinghebecamewhenheheardthenews!当他听到这个消息时，他是多么的激动！HowbeautifultheWestLakeis!西湖是多么的美丽啊!3、How＋副词＋主语＋谓语!Howhardheisworkingnow!他现在工作得多么的努力呀!Howslowlyheruns!他跑得多么慢呀!Howbeautifullyyousing!你唱得多么好听啊！4、How＋主语＋动词!Howhermotherworried!她母亲是多么地担心啊!Howheenjoyscollectingstamps!他是多么的喜欢集邮啊!Howthemenpumpedlikecrazy!水手们发疯般地抽着水！5、How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数形式Howinterestingabookitis!多么有趣的一本书啊！6、How+many,much,few,little+名词+主语＋谓语!Howlittlefoodtheyhave!他们的食物多么少啊！Howfewbooksshehas!他有的书多么少啊！二、带有what的感叹句★★★★★带有what的感叹句用来感叹名词，被感叹的名词既可以是可数名词（单数形式或复数形式），也可以是不可数名词。1、Whata/an＋(形容词)＋单数名词＋谓语!Whatafinedayitis!天气多么好啊!Whataninterestingstoryitis!它是多么有趣的一个故事啊!2、What＋(形容词)＋复数名词＋谓语!Whatfunnystoriestheyare!他们是多么可笑的故事啊!Whatbeautifulcolourstheyare!它们的颜色是多么的漂亮啊!Whatterribleearthquakestheyare!多么可怕的地震啊!3、What＋(形容词)＋不可数名词＋谓语!Whatgreatprogresshehasmade!他取得了多么大的进步呀!Whatterribleweatherwemet!我们那时遇到了多么可怕的天气啊!Whatfunitistohaveaswiminsummer.夏天游泳是多么有趣的是啊！三、感叹句的特殊表达法（一）不定式短语引起的感叹句★★★不定式短语单独使用常表示惊异、气愤、祝愿等情绪。Tosellsuchacheapsuitasthattoamillionaire!竟然把这样一套衣服卖给一位百万富翁！TothinkthatIshallneverseeheragain!真没想到我再也见不到她了！Tothinkofmyleavingtheumbrellainthetrain!真没想到我把伞落到火车上了！注意：表示“想想看”“想不到”用Tothink+that从句：例：Tothinkyouaresocareless!谁知道你这样粗心大意！Tothinkthatyoushouldfail!想不到你竟会失败！TothinkthatIwenttoallthetroublefornothing.你想想看，我花了这么大劲，到头来什么也没得到。Tothinkthatshecouldbesoruthless!简直无法想象她竟会那么冷酷无情！（二）so和such引起的感叹句★★★★★6 陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句注意句型：⑴so+adv./adj.⑵so+adj.+a/an+n.[C]=such+a/an+adj.+n.[C]⑶such+adj.+n.[C]（pl.）/n.[U]Thelittleboyissoclever!这个男孩真聪明！Itwassuchterriblewriting!写得真糟糕！Herunssofast.Suchanattractivegirl!Yougavemesuchafright!你吓死我了。Theyaresuchbeautifulgirls.Ihaveneverseensolargeanapple.=Ihaveneverseensuchalargeapple.（三）That引起的感叹句★★★That引起的感叹句,表示愿望、遗憾。表示没有实现的愿望：That+句子。例：Thatitshouldevercometothis!事情竟会弄到这种地步！Thatshewerehere!她在这该多好！ThatIcouldfly!会飞多好呀！ThatIhadobeyedthelaw!悔不该不遵守法律！Thatheshoulddosuchathing!他竟会干出这种事情来！（四）表示愿望“要是----多好啊”时，would或ifonly引起的感叹句★★★句型：⑴Would(that)+主语+谓语；⑵Ifonly+主语+谓语：IfonlyIknew!要是我知道该多好。Ifonlyhecouldcome!要是他能来就好了。Ifonlyshehadknownaboutit!她那时要是知道那事就好了。WouldthatIhadgainedthatprize!要是我得了那奖多么好啊！WouldthatIhadnotwastedmytime,whenIwasyoung!如果我年轻时不曾浪费我的时间就好了！Wouldthatyouwerenotsoextravagant!如果你不要这样浪费无度就好了。Would(that)itwereotherwise!如果事情不是这样，该多好啊！（五）表示惊奇/恼怒/沮丧时：If+否定句。★★★IfIhaven’trepeatedthemistake!我真不该重犯这样的错误！Ifthelanddoesn’tbelongtoyou!这块地真不该属于你！Well,ifthatisn’tthelimit!唉，实在是忍无可忍了！Ifwedon’tcooperatethem!我们真不该协助他们！IfIhaven"tlostmywatch!我的表要是不丢该多好!（六）who引起的感叹句表示惊奇。★★★Whowouldhavethoughtit!谁能想得到啊！Whoelsecouldhavedoneit!还有谁会做这件事！（七）以there、here等副词开头的感叹句。★★★Herecomesthebus！汽车来了！Theregoesthebell！铃响了！Backtheycome!他们回来了！Longlicetheking!国王万岁！Herecomestherain.下雨了！Outherushed!他冲了出去。（八）Itisadj.todosth.=Howadj.itistodosth.★★★6 陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell！=HowimportantitistolearnEnglishwell！特别注意：Itisfuntodosth.=Whatfunitistodosth.（正确）Itisfunnytodosth.=Howfunnyitistodosth.（不正确）例：It’sfuntolookatthepictures.=Whatfunitistolookatthepicture.（九）表示“想不到”：Fancy+动名词。★★★Fancyhisdoingsuchathing!想不到他会做出这种事来！Fancytherebeingsoniceweather!没想到天气这么好！Fancyhersayingsuchunkindthingsaboutyou!她竟会对你说出这些无情的话！Fancymeetingsomanyoldfriendshere!真想不到在这里遇到这么多老朋友！（十）疑问句型感叹句：★★★Haveyoueverheardofsuchathing?这样的事你听说过吗？Haveyoueverseenanyonelikehim?你见过像他这样的人吗？Howdareyousayso!你怎么敢这么说！Aren’ttheylateingettingback!他们这么晚怎么还不回来！Hasn’tshegrown!她长这么大了！AmIsilly!我真傻！Aren’tyoulucky!你真走运！（十一）反意疑问句型感叹句：★★★Itislovely,isn’tit!真漂亮！Shesaysshedidit,doesn’tshe!她说是她干的吧！Thatisuptoyoutodecide,isn’tit!这件事由你来决定吧！（十二）陈述句型感叹句：★★★Heissuchagoodboy!多好的孩子！Soyou’vecomeatlast!你到底还是来了！Atlastyouhavereturned!你终于回来了！Thehouseisonfire.这房子着火了！Thisissuchagoodexample!真是个好榜样！Youaresokindtous!你对我们实在太好了！（十三）祈使句型感叹句：★★★Tellmewhatitis!告诉我这是什么！Takecarewhenyoucrosstheroad!过马路要当心！Don’ttrytomakefunofme!别开我的玩笑！Don’ttouchme!不要碰我！Stopprobing!不要盘根问底了！Youdon’tmove!你不要动！Mindyourhead!要记住！（十四）省略式感叹句★★★how直接修饰谓语动词：How+主语+谓语!如：Howweloveourmotherland!我们是多么热爱自己的祖国啊!省略主语和谓语。如：Whataninterestingbook!多有趣的一本书啊!（十五）感叹词,/!+补充词语/句子:★★★Hithere,whereareyoudashingoffto?咦！那么这么忙着到哪去啊？6 陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句Hem,Iwon’tgothatfar!哼，我不愿说得那样过火！Hurryup!Catchthebus!快！赶上那辆车！Dearme,Ididn’tknowyouweresosharp-tongued!哎呀！哪知你嘴巴这么厉害！Whatapity,thatthingsshouldhavecometothis!事竟如此，多可惜呀！Mygoodness!Howcouldyouworksofast!呦！你怎么干得这么快！********************************************************************************************◆典型例题分析◆1.________wehavetoday!(1983)A.AfineweatherB.WhatafineweatherC.HowafineweatherD.Whatfineweather【解析】选C。weather为不可数名词，句型是：what+形容词+名词+主谓结构。2.Oh,John._________yougaveus!(1990)A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise【解析】选C。Surprise作“惊喜”解时为可数名词，句型是：what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主谓结构。3._________foodyou’vecooked!(1991)A.HowaniceB.WhataniceC.HowniceD.Whatnice【解析】选D。food为不可数名词，句型是：what+形容词+名词+主谓结构。4._______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!(1992)A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What【解析】选D。weather为不可数名词，句型是：what+形容词+名词+主谓结构。5.________fromBeijingtoLondon!(1993)A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.HowlongwayisitD.Whatalongwayitis【解析】选D。way为可数名词，句型是：what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主谓结构。********************************************************************************************◆综合训练1◆1.——Hello,ZhuHua.I’llhavetoreturntoCanadabecauseI’veworkedhereforayear.——＿＿＿＿＿!A.WhattimefliesB.HowtimefliesC.WhatdoestimeflyD.Howdoestimefly2.＿＿＿!Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.A.HowimportantconferenceisitB.HowanimportantconferenceitisC.WhatanimportantconferenceisitD.Whatanimportantconferenceitis3.—Whatsportdoyoulikebest?—Springboarddiving(跳板跳水).todiveintowaterfromhighboard!A.WhatafunisitB.HowfunitisC.HowafunisitD.Whatfunitis4.＿＿＿forustosurf(冲浪)ontheseainsummer!A.WhatexcitingisitB.HowexcitingisitC.WhatexcitingitisD.Howexcitingitis5.＿＿＿hegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!A.WhatagoodadviceB.HowagoodadviceC.WhatgoodadviceD.Howgoodadvice6.Wehaven’tseeneachotherformanymonths.＿＿!A.WhatImissedyouB.WhatdidImissyouC.HowImissedyouD.HowdidImissyou7.＿＿itisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!A.WhatsurpriseB.HowsurpriseC.WhatasurpriseD.Howasurprise8.＿＿＿theseancientbuildingsinthiscityare!A.WhatperfectlyprotectedB.HowperfectprotectedC.HowperfectlyprotectedD.WhatperfectprotectedKEY:BDDDCCCC6 陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句◆综合训练2◆6陈老师辅导系列之语法突破！第二十二章——感叹句1_________clevergirlsheis!AWhataBWhatCHowaDHow2__________interestingstoryitis!AWhatanBWhataCHowanDHow3_______childrentheyare!AWhatBWhataCHowaDHow4____________flowerstheyare!AWhatbeautifulBWhatabeautifulCHowbeautifulDHowabeautiful5___________itistoday!AHowcoldBWhatcoldCHowacoldDWhatacold6___________badtheweatheris!AHowBWhatCWhataDHowa7______________goodnewsitis!AHowBWhataCHowaDWhat8_____________thesunshineis!AWhatabrightBHowabrightCHowbrightDwhatbright9___________hewrites.AHowgoodBHowwellCWhatgoodDWhatwell10____________LiLeiruns!AWhatfastboyBWhatfastCHowfastDHowafast11_______hardheworks！AHowBWhatC.HowaD.Whata12Whichistrue?AHowtallthebuildingsare!BWhattallthebuildingsare!CHowtallbuildingstheyare!Dwhatatallbuildingstheyare!13_________wonderfultimewehavehad.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata14.Listen!____wonderfulmusicitis!Ireallyenjoyitverymuch.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa15.______wonderfulmusicitis!IlikeBeethoven’sbetterthananybodyelse’s.A.WhatB.HowaC.WhatD.How16._______weather!Ireallyenjoyitverymuch.A.HowfineB.HowfineaC.WhatafineD.Whatfine17._____funitistoplaycomputergameswhenwe’refree.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How18._____warmweatheritistoday!Let’sgoclimbing.A.WhataB.HowC.HowaD.What19.-----IhearthatanoldcouplearetravelingaroundChinabybike.------Oh,____longwayontheirbicycles!theyaresogreat.A.WhataB.HowC.HowaD.What20______kindgirlNancyis!Yes.Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.A.WhatB.HowaC.WhataD.How21.Let’sgooutfordoingsports.______sunnyday!A.WhatB.HowaC.WhataD.How22.______excitingnews!We’veneverhad_____longvacationbefore.A.What;suchaB.How;suchaC.Whatan;suchaDwhat;soa23.______importantEnglishspeechcontesttheyarelisteningto!A.WhatB.HowaC.WhatanD.Howan24____itwasyesterdaybecauseofthestorm!A.WhatbadweatherB.WhatabadweatherC.HowbadaweatherD.Howbadweather25._____talltheboyis!hecanplayvolleyballverywell.A.WhatB.HowaC.WhataD.How6