高中英语语法倒装句复习导学案牛津版选修 5页

牛津高中英语语法倒装句复习导学案一目标与要求：了解倒装句的基本结构，熟悉常见的几种倒装情况，熟练掌握有关倒装的六大主要考点。（1）含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装。（2）含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装。（3）“so（nor,neither）+助动词+主语”与“so（nor,neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“so+主语+助动词”的句式区别。（4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had/were/should开头引起的部分倒装。（5）notuntil置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装。（6）only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装。二要点精讲1．全部倒装　全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：　1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等不及物动词的句子里。Theregoesthebell.Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.Aheadsatanoldwoman.Underthetreesataboy.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Herehecomes.　　　　Awaytheywent.2．部分倒装 　部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。　1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,rarely,seldom,little,hardly,scarcely，atnotime,innoway,Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than（刚。。。就。。。），notuntil…等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.　Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.　Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例题：（1)Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答案D.具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句。　（2）Whycan"tIsmokehere?Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermittedB.　smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.　doessmokingpermit答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，须用倒装结构。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.（3）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.　　A.mandidknow　B.manknow　C.didn"tmanknow　D.didmanknow　答案D.Notuntil位于句首，主句倒装。　改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。用心爱心专心 注意：①只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列主语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.②当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。2）.用在以so,nor,neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor,neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”，句子要部分倒装。　　　　　　TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwon"tgo,neitherwillI.典型例题：　---DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?---Idon"tknow,_____.　A.nordon"tIcare　B.nordoIcare　　C.Idon"tcareneitherD.Idon"tcarealso答案：B.nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用don"t再次否定，Cneither用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。　注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.---It"sraininghard.　　　---Soitis. 3）.only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，用部分倒装句。OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.　Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.　注意：①如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装,从句不倒装注意;②only强调主语不倒装.Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.Onlytheteacherscanusetheroom. 4）.as,though引导的倒装句 　as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前）。注意：(主谓不倒装，只须把表语提到as前，且作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词,且倒装时不可用although。)①句首名词不能带任何冠词。②句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.Proudastheyare,theyareafraidtoseeme.Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heseemstoknoweverything.（child前不加冠词）Hardasheworked,hemadelittleprogress.5）so/such…that(结果状语从句)结构中，so或such引导的部分位于句首时，需倒装。　　Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.Suchakindheartedmanishethateveryoneloveshim.6）在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。　WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.3.．。.其它几种倒装 情况①在某些表示祝愿的句型中,包括感叹句：　　Mayyouallbehappy.Whatalovelygirlshiis!②在频度状语often,always,manyatime等开头的句子中,需倒装。Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。③在强调表语的句子中表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。（如分词、不定式、形容词等作表语置于句首时）Gonearethedayswhenweenjoyedthehappytimeinthewood.Suchislife.生活就是这样。Buriedherewasafamouspoet.埋在这儿的是一位著名的诗人。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。三巩固练习（选择正确答案,并将答案写在对应的题号前25×4′=100′）用心爱心专心 1.HismotherhadtalkedtohimformanyminuteswhilehewaswatchingTV,but＿＿＿.A.alittledidhehearB.littledidhehearC.littleheardheD.alittleheardhe2.Duringthewar,＿＿butalsohelosthiswifeandhischild.A.notwashisjobinthelabtakenawayB.notonlywashisjobinthelabtakenawayC.notmerelyhisjobinthelabwastakenawayD.notjustwastakenawayhisjobinthelab3.——Wehavetostoptalkinghereoutside.Listen,＿＿＿＿＿!——Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.A.TheregoesthebellB.TheredoesthebellgoC.TherethebellgoesD.Goesthebellthere4.Shedidn’tcometothepartylastSunday.＿＿＿,shemusthavemadethepartymoreexciting.A.IfshecameB.WouldshecomeC.HadshecomeD.Didshecome5.Theyfinallymanagedtoclimbtothetop,but＿＿then.A.wentthechildrendownthehillB.downthehilldidthechildrengoC.downthehillwentthechildrenD.downthehillthechildrenwent6.Ireceivedhismother’stelephonecallateleven.＿＿thathewasbadlyhurtinanaccidentyesterday.A.ThendidIknowB.OnlythenIknewC.OnlythendidIknowD.OnlythenknewI7.——Theoldmanwouldn’tstayathomeforarestevenifitrained.——＿＿＿＿.Hewouldfeelsickifhestayedhomeforoneday.A.SowouldmygrandpaB.Sowouldn’tmygrandpaC.NeitherwouldmygrandpaD.Norwouldn’tmygrandpa8.Bynomeans＿＿＿toourplanforthetrip.A.willsheagreeB.shewillagreeC.agreessheD.willagreeshe9.LittleTomisanorphan..＿＿＿＿＿,hehastomakealivingbyhimself.A.AchildasheisB.ChildasheisC.ChildasisheD.Achildthoughheis10.Hardlyhadshewalkedoutofthewoods＿＿＿sheheardthestrangescreamcomingfrombehindatree.A.thanB.untilC.sinceD.when11.＿＿＿thatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.A.SofastheranB.SofastdidherunC.SofastranheD.Suchfastdidherun12.＿＿canyoufindouthowmanychickensthereare!A.CountingthemB.BycountingthemC.OnlybycountingthemD.Onlyhaveyoucountedthem13.Betweenthetwomounts＿＿＿andtheydecidetobuildaropeway(索道).A.liesaverydeepvalleyB.doesaverydeepvalleylieC.averydeepvalleyliesD.averydeepvalleylays14.Lookoverthere.＿＿＿!A.AroundthecorneriswalkingapolicemanB.AroundthecornerisapolicemanwalkingC.AroundthecornerapolicemaniswalkingD.Isaroundthecornerwalkingapoliceman15.＿＿＿,wecouldforgivehimforhismistakes!A.WerehestillachildB.IfheisstillachildC.IshestillachildD.Hewerestillachild16.Wehavelookedforthelostsheepalmosteverywhere,butnowhere＿＿＿＿＿.A.wecanfinditB.canwefinditC.canfindweitD.wecanitfind17.＿＿＿＿＿,shemaynotcatchupwithhersisterLisa.A.HardthoughsheworksB.HardalthoughsheworksC.HardworkssheD.Hardevenifsheworks18.Heisstrictineverythingandstrictwitheveryone.＿＿＿＿＿.A.MyfatherisalwayssuchB.MyfatherisalwayssoastrictmanC.SuchismyfatherD.Soastrictmanismyfather19.＿＿whenwepassedbyitsnest.A.UpintotheblueskydidthebirdflyB.Upintotheblueskythebirdflew用心爱心专心 C.UpintotheblueskyflewthebirdD.Flewupintotheblueskythebird20.Notuntil1998______backtohishometown.A.cameheB.thathecameC.didhecomeD.thathedidcome21.Hardly______whenitstartedraining.A.thegamehadbegunB.thegamebeganC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun22______itrain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.WeretoB.WouldC.ShouldD.Could23Scarcelytheroomthephonerang.A．Ihadentered…whenB．HadIentered…thenC．hadIentered…whenD．haveIentered…when24Onlywhen30yearsoldtolearnEnglish.A．washe,didhebeginB．hewas,hebeganC．washe,hebeganD．hewas,didhebegin25Undernocircumstancesfirstusenuclearweapons.A．willChinaB．ChinawillC．doesChinaD．doChina用心爱心专心 答案及简析1.B。具有否定意义的副词如：little,seldom,never,hardly,scarcely,rarely等位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。2.B。notonly...butalso连接两个并列分句，且notonly位于句首时，该分句主谓部分倒装。3.A。在以here,there,up,down,in,on,out,away,off等副词开头的句子里，主语是名词时，句子主谓全部倒装，以示强调。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。4.C。Hadshecome＝Ifshehadcome。if引导虚拟语气条件状语从句，在口语中或非正式场合可以把if省略掉而改用部分倒装。5.C。介词短语位于句首，且谓语为不及物动词的句子，句子的主谓全部倒装。6.C。only修饰句子的状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。7.C。Neitherwouldmygrandpa＝Mygrandpawouldn’tstayathomeforarest,either.否定副词neither,nor提前到句首，句子用部分倒装。8.A。表示否定意义的介词短语在句中作状语置于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。这样的介词短语有：bynomeans,atnotime,innoway,notintheleast等。9.B。Childasheis＝Althoughheisachild。as引导让步状语从句时，通常要把作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词或动词原形提前到句首，同时注意，作表语的单数名词前无形容词时要把不定冠词去掉。10.D。hardly...when...表示“一……就”。注意，主句主谓要用部分倒装。11.B。在so...that的句型中“so＋形容词或副词”提前到句首时，主句主谓部分倒装。19.A。时间副词now／then置于句首，其谓语又是come,go,begin等，这时应该用全部倒装语序。12.C。参见9。13.A。参见8。14.A。参见8。15.A。Werehestillachild＝Ifhewerestillachild。16.B。具有否定意义的副词nowhere提前到句首时，句子用部分倒装。17.A。though引导让步状语从句时，有时把句子的表语或状语提前到句首。18.C。当such作句子的表语，位于句首代替上文情况时，句子通常用倒装语序。19.C。表示方位的副词及介词短语置于句首，名词作句子的主语时，句子的主谓用全部倒装20C21D22C23C24D25A用心爱心专心