初中英语语法梳理和提高17动词的语态讲解试题 7页

初中英语语法梳理和提高17动词的语态讲解试题动词的语态　　知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！　　英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（TheActiveVoice）和被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如：　　ManypeoplespeakEnglish. (主动语态)　　Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)　　1、被动语态的构成　　被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：　　肯 定 句：主语+be+过去分词+（by…）        eg.Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).　　否 定 句：主语+benot+过去分词+（by…）       eg.Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).　　一般疑问句：be+主语+过去分词+（by…）？       eg.Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by…）？eg.Whatisthissweatermadeof?　　现以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态如下：              式  时 一 般 进 行 完 成现在am/is/are+givenam/is/are+being+givenhave/has+been+given过去was/were+givenwas/were+being+givenhad+been+given将来shall/will+begiven should/would+be+given含情态词的can/may/must+be+given/has(have)tobegiven　　3、被动语态的用法：　　 1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。例如：　　 Thisjacketismadeofcotton.　　 Englishisspoken(bypeople)inmanycountriesintheworld.　　2） 强调动作的承受者时。如：Theboywassavedatlast.这个男孩最后得救了。　　3） 主动语态变被动语态的步骤:　　主动句: Theboy   broke    thewindow yesterday.　　被动句:Thewindow wasbroken bytheboy yesterday.　　步骤一：原句中的宾语thewindow变成主语。　　步骤二：谓语动词broke改为被动形式：wasbroken　　步骤三：原句中的主语Theboy放在介词by的后面。　　步骤四：其他成分如：yesterday不变。　　5)有直接宾语和间接宾语（两个宾语）的句子的被动语态：　　A.可有两种被动语态的常用动词有：give，pass，lend，offer，pay，teach，tell，show，等,一般用间接宾语作主语；但如果用间接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前要加to.1.Hegavemethebookjustnow.＞Thebookwasgiventome(byhim)justnow.=Iwasgiventhebook(byhim)justnow.　　2.Theyshowedtheguardtheirpassportsattheentrancetothebuilding.＞Thepassportswereshowntotheguardbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.=Theguardwasshownthepassportsbythem attheentrancetothebuilding.　　B.通常用直接宾语作被动语态主语的一些动词有:do，make，buy,get,sing，choose，draw,cook,get等，如果用间接宾语作被动语态的主语时，在间接宾语前要加for。1.Hisfatherboughthimamobilephone.＞Amoboilephonewasboughtforhimbyhisfather.=Hewasboughtamobilephonebyhisfather..　　2.Mymothermademeaskirt.＞Askirtwasmadeformebymymother.=Iwasmadeaskirtbymymother.C.但是当谓语动词时是ask时，一般只能用间接宾语作主语。Theteacheralwaysaskshimquestions.＞Hewasalwaysaskedquestionsbytheteacher.6)当句子中有动词不定式做宾语补足语省略to时，在变被动语态时，to要还原。e.gThebossoftenmadethemworkattheweekend.-----Theywereoftenmadetoworkattheweeken.Wecanseemanystudentsplayontheplaygoundafterclass.-----Manystudentscanbeseentoplayontheplaygroundafterclassbyus.　　一、选择填空　　1.Thequestion______byussoon.　　 A.isgoingtodiscuss   B.willdiscuss　C.isgoingtobediscussed      D.hasbeendiscussed　　2.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.　　A.mustlookafter    B.mustbetakencare　C.mustbelookedafter   D.musttakecareof　　3.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.　　A.havelooked     B.haven"tlooked 　C.havebeenlooked   D.haven"tbeenlooked　　4.Therewasnoroomforyou.Alltheseats______.　　A. aretaken B.wastaken C.hadtaken D.hadbeentaken 　　5.Amodelship______hissonbyMrMore.　　A.wasmadefor  B.wasmadeto  C.madefor  D.makesfor　　6.----Dad,pleaseopenthedoor,it______.　　----OK,dear.Iamcoming.　　A.waslocked   B.locks     C.islocked  D.locked　　7.Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.　　A.isfelt    B.feels     C.feel    D.isfeeling8.----Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?　----Yes.Everystudent______aboutit.　　A.told     B.hastold   C.wastold   D.tells　　9.Thecake______delicious.　　A.smell     B.issmelled    C.issmelling D.smells　　10.Myfatherhasgivenupsmokingsincehe______on.　　A.willoperate  B.willbeoperated C.operated  D.wasoperated  　　11.Anewschool______thesedays.　　A.isbuilding   B.isbuiltC.wellbuild   D.isbeingbuilt　　12.Thecake______delicious.　　A.smell       B.issmelled　　C.issmelling   D.smells　　13.I________therewould be afootball matchonChannel8tomato　　A.willtell  B.havetold C.wastold D.willbetold　　14.Thelibrariantoldmethatthebook______fortwoweeks.　　A.canbeborrowed  B.canbekept  C.couldbeborrowed  D.couldbekept　　15.When______thiskindofcomputer_______?　　A.is;used B.was;used C.did;use D.are;used 　　16.Thenewcomputers_______tothevillageschoolaspresentlastmonth.　　A.aregiven B.given C.weregiven D.gave　　17.Ireallydon"tknow_______aboutit.　　A.whattodo  B.howtodo C.todowhat D.howcanIdo　　18.Yourshoes_______.You"dbettercometogettheminhalfanhour.　　A.aremending B.havemended C.arebeing mended D.havebeenmended　　19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister______,todayhewasmade____byher.　　A.cry;tocry  B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.tocry;cry　　20.When_____theaccident________?　　A.was;happened  B.has;happened  C.washappebeing   D.did;happen　　Key:1----5CCDDA  6----10CBCDD  11-15BDCDB  16-20CACAD　　二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。　　1.Someideas______(give)tocollegestudentsbyhimyesterday.　　2.----Doyoulikethemusic"Moonlight"?----Yes,it______reallybeautiful!(sound)　　3.Hewon"tcometothepartyunlessSue______.(invite)　　4.Thechairneeds______.(repair)　　5."Quick"isanotherwayof______"fast".(say)　　6.Thiskindofbike______inthatfactory,butyoucan"tbuyitnow.(make)　　7.Cotton______inthecountry.(plant)　　8.Man-madesatellites______byChinesepeople.(send)　　9.Thiskindsofshoes______outbynow.(sell)　　10.Theroommust______ cleaneveryday.(keep)　　Key:1.weregiven  2.sounds   3.isinvited  4.repairing/ toberepaired  5.saying6.ismade  7.isplanted 8.havebeensent   9.havebeensold  10.bekept 改为被动语态1．   Weoftenusethiskindofmachineinacarfactory. 2．   MostofthepeopleinthecountryspeakEnglish. 3．   Hesweepstheflooreverymorning. 4．   ThousandsofpeoplevisittheGreatWalleveryday. 5．   Shedoesn’tusearecorderinherEnglishlesson.. 6．   ItaughthimhowtoreadtheEnglishwords. Key:1.Thiskindofmachineisusedbyusinacarfactory.2.Englishisspokenbymostofthepeopleinthecountry.3.Thefloorissweptbyhimeverymorning.4.TheGreatWallisvisitedbythousandsofpeopleeveryday.5.ArecorderisnotusedbyherinherEnglishlesson.6.HewastaughthowtoreadtheEnglishwords. 7．   Shegavemeaverynicepresentonmybirthday.8．   Theywillofferusalotoffruitwhenwegotohishome.thisweekend.  9．   FatherisgoingtomakeJackandTimakiteeach. 10．Motherhasalreadycookedthemverydeliciousfood. 11．Canhechooseusgoodfish? Key:7.Iwasgivenaverynicepresentbyheronmybirthday./Anicepresentwasgiventomebyheronmybirthday.8.      Wewillbeofferedalotoffruitwhenwegotohishomethisweekend./Alotoffruitwillbegiventouswhenwegotohishome.9.      JackandTimaregoingtobemadeakiteeachbyFather/AkiteisgoingtobemadeforJackandTimeachbyFather.10.  TheyhavealreadybeencookedverydeliciousfoodbyMother./VerydeliciousfoodhasalreadybeencookedforthembyMother.11.  Canfishbechosenforusbyhim?/Canwebechosengoodfishbyhim? 12．Didyouteacherpraiseyoulastweek? 13．Wemustgetridofthebadhabit. 14．Haveyouintroduccedhimtoyourfriends? 15．Treestakeawaydustanddirtfromtheair. 16．Theyalsoreducesoundpollutionforlargeurbanareas. 17．Theyarebuildingahotelnow. 18．Theywillsetusanewpubliclibraryhere. 19．Thedoctoroperatredonthewoundedsoldierlastnight. 20．Wemusttakecareoftrees. 21．HasMr.Smithgivenupsmoking? 22．LiHongisworkingonthedifficultproblemsnow. Key:12.  Wereyoupraisedbyyourteacherlastweek?13.  Thebadhabitmustbegetridof.14.  Hashebeenintroducedtoyourfriends(byyou)?15.  Dustanddirtaretakenawayformtheairbytrees.16.  Soundpollutionisalsoreducedbytreesforlargeurbanareas.17.  Ahotelisbeingbuiltbythemnow.18.  Anewpubliclibrarywillbesetuphere. 19.  Thewoundedsoldierwasoperatedonbythedoctorlastnight.20.  Treesmustbetakencareof..21.  HassmokingbegivenupbyMr.Smith?22.  ThedifficultproblemsarebeingworkedonbyLiHongnow. 23．Isawherdanceattheparty. 24．Thepolicemannoticedthethievesenterthebank. 25．Didyoumakecleanthegroundofsnow. 26．WesleyChenhadbrokenmanyworldrecordsbythetimehewasnine. 27．Justnowweheardthemsingingontheplayground. 28．Didyouoftenhearhersinginthenextdoor? 29．Someonehasinvitedmetodinnerrecently. 30．Thebabyelephantcaneasilybreakthestick.. 31．Wedidn’tfeelthegroundshakingthen.. Key:23.  Shewasseentodanceattheparty.24.  Thethieveswerenoticedtoenterthebankbythepoliceman.25.  Wereyoumadetocleanthegroundofsnow?26.  ManyworldrecordshadbeenbrokenbyWesleyChenbythetimehewasnine.27.  Justnowtheywereheardsingingontheplaygound.28.  Wassheoftenheardtosinginthenextdoorbyyou?29.  Ihavebeeninvitedtodinnerrecently.30.  Thestickcaneasilybebrokenbythebabyelephant.31.  Thegroundwasn’tfeltshakingbyus. 32．Theyareputtingupalanguagelabthere. 33．Cantheworkersrepairtheoldmachines? 34．Whowortethereport? 35．Whatdopeopledotoprotectthewildanmials? 36．Howmanyeventsdidheenterfor? Key:32.Alanguagelabisbeingputupbythemthere.33.Cantheoldmachinesberepairedbytheworkers? #34.Bywhomwasthereportwritten?35.Whataredonetoprotectthewildanimalsbypeople?36.Howmanyeventswasenteredforbyhim? 用所给动词的正确语态和时态填充和选择正确的答案：1.      Thissong_________(sing)bychildren.2.      Anewfilm_________(be)ontonight.3.      We_________(tell)tostayatschooltillsixyesterday.4.      Theteacher_________(tell)usthatthesun_________(rise)intheeast.5.      Themedicinemust_________(keep)dry.6.      Nowanewbookstore_________(open)nearourschool.7.      We_________(clean)ourclassroomeveryday.Nowit_________(clean).8.      Singinglessons_________(usuallyteach)intheclassroom.Butnowwe_________(have)oursinginglessonsinourmusicclassroombecauseit_________(build).9.      Shanghai_________(change)greatlysinceliberation.10.  Class_________(begin)ateightinourschool.11.  _________thework_________(do)yet?12.  Ifyouwanttoturnwaterintosteam,thtemperature_________(mustraise)highenough.13.  TheChineseCommunistParty_________(found)onJuly1st.14.  Thisstory_________(happen)in1974.15.  Something_________(be)wrongwithmyradio.Canyou_________(repair)it?Canit_________(repair)intwodays?16.  Thesemistakesaregoing.A.tobecorrectB.tobecorrectedC.tocorrectD.corrected17.  Timwassadbecausehispetdog.A.wasdiedB.hadbeendiedC.haddiedD.hadbeendie18.  Whenhereturnedhome,hefoundhiswallet.A.hadlostB.lostC.waslosingD.waslost19.  Nobodyshould.A.laughatB.belaughedC.belaughedatD.laughed20.  Thenewinventioneverywhere.A.talkedaboutB.wastalkedaboutC.talkedD.wastalked21.  Twentydollarsmustme.A.bepaidtoB.bepaidforC.paytoD.payfor22.  Iteverydaysofarthisweek.A.israinedB.hasbeenrainedC.rainsD.hasrained23.  MotherhomewhenIhadfinishedcooking.A.hadbeenarrivedB.hadarrivedC.arrivedD.wasarrived24.  Idon’tknowwhetherthedressmyeldersister.A.fitsB.isfittedC.willbefitD.willbefitted25.  PleasetellmewherethenextOlympicGames.A.willholdB.willbeheldC.isheldD.willbetakenplaced26.  Wondersoneafteranother.A.appearedB.wereappearedC.wouldbeappearedD.willbeappeared27.  Newbookscanonlyfortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.keepC.beborrowedD.borrow28.  Hedidn’twanttotellmehowmuchthebag. A.wascostB.costC.wascostedD.costed29.  Hetiredanddownonthebed.A.felt,waslainB.felt,layC.wasfelt,waslainD.wasfelt,lay30.  Itwasgrowingdark.Allthestreetlights.A.turnedonB.wereturnedonC.turnedD.wereturned31.Thesecakes_______nice,sotheyhadall______out.A.tasted,soldB.weretasted,soldC.tasted,beensoldD.weretasted,beensold32.Georgemust_______abouthisfather’shealthassoonaspossible.A.tellB.betoldC.betoldhimD.told33.Hesaidthathe______theidea.A.wasn’tpleasedB.wasn’tpleasedwithC.didn’tpleasedD.didn’tpleasedwith34.Whentoholdthespotsmeeting_____atthemeeting.A.wasn’tdecidedB.hasn’tdecidedC.hadn’tdecidedD.didn’tdecided35.Thatdoor______fortwentyyears.Soitwon’topen.A.hasn’tusedB.hadn’tdecidedC.hasn’tbeenusedD.hadn’tbeenused36.Booksandnewspapersinthereadingroommustn’t______.A.takeawayB.betakenC.betakenawayD.take37.Calculatorscan’t_____inthemathsexam.A.useB.usedC.beusedD.beuse38..Allthequestionsonthepapermust______.A.beansweredB.answerC.beansweredtoD.answerto39.Thejobwill_____whenIamawayonbusiness.A.belefttohimB.leavehimC.leaveforhimD.belefthim40.Theidea_____whenwestartedthejob.A.wasneverthoughtaboutB.wasneverthoughtC.neverthoughtaboutD.neverthought41.Thosephotosareverybeautiful.Theywill______onthewall.A.beputB.beputonC.putD.putup42.Theboynevercriedwhenhe_____byhisfather.A.beatB.wasbeatC.wasbeatenD.beaten43.Insomeplace,little_____tomakesmokeclean.A.isdoneB.doneC.hasdoneD.does44.Thiskindofcloth_____thin.A.isfeltB.isfeelingC.hasfeltD.feels Key:1.issung2.willbe3.were 4.told,rises5.bekept 6.opens=isopen7.clean,iscleaned8.areusuallytaught,arehaving,hasbeenbuilt 9.haschanged 10.begins 11.Hasbeendone12.mustberaised 13.wasfounded 14.happened 15.isrepair,berepaired16-20 BCBCB 21-25.ABBAB 26-30 AABBB 31-35ABBAC 36-40CCAAA41-44BCAD