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2012年中考英语考点21动词主谓一致有关动词的重点:只有动词才能作谓语。动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词等。(一)联系动词:be,become(成为),turn(变颜色),grow(变天气),look,smell,taste,sound(good√,well×),seem,feel。(二)有关use的词组:①usedtodo过去常常作,beusedtodoing习惯于。1.---MyauntgoestoclimbmountGueverySunday.---Oh!Butshe________hateclimbingmountain.A.usedtoB.usetoC.usestoD.isusedto2.Lileiisusedtogettingearly.注意:usedtodo的否定式为usednottodo或didn’tuseto疑问式为:Didsbuseto?或usedsb…?②人+usesthfordoing=人+usesthtodo用某物做…其被动形式为:物+beusedtodo=物+beusedfordoingPeopleusestoneforbuildinghouses=Peopleusestonetobuildhouses.Stoneisusedforbuildinghouses=Stoneisusedtobuildhouses.(三)can’t表示“不可能”即否定性推测。mustn’t禁止、不可能;must“一定”表示肯定性推测;must引起的问句,其否定回答为needn’t.1.Theman_______beLiLei.LiLeihasgonetoBeijing.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.needn’t2.Alotofcarsarecomingandgoing.You_______goacrossthestreet.A.needn’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.must
3.MustIreturnthebooktomorrowmorning?No,you_______.You_______keepitforthreedays.A.mustn’t,mayB.mustn’t,mustC.needn’t,canD.needn’t,may4.---Look!Themanatthegate_______beourheadmaster.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.---No,itbehim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.A.must,can’tB.must,mustn’tC.can,can’tD.can,mustn’t(四)及物动词与介词搭配:give,show,pass,lend+物+to+sb=give(…)sbsthmake,sing,buy+物+for+sb=make(sing,buy)sbsth(五)及物动词+副词结构,构成的动词短语的宾语是人称代词时,把代词放中间get(it)back,put(it)on,take(it)off,turn(it)on,pick(it)up,try(it)on,look(it)up,wake(me)up,put(it)up.1.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.You’dbetter_______.A.giveupitB.giveitupC.takeoutitD.takeitout基础知识:情态动词(一)can:①表能力“能,会”;②表推测“可能”;③表允许“可以”。1.---youpassmeapen?I’dliketowritedownthephonenumber.---Sure,Hereitis.A.CanB.NeedC.MightD.Must(二)could:can的过去式,表过去的能力。但could本身也可作情态动词,表委婉请求。(三)may:①允许“可以”;②表推测“可能”。1.IswimwhenIwastenyearsold.2.Johngotherewithastonight,butheisnotverysureaboutit.A.mustB.canC.willD.may
(四)must:①主观看法“必须”;②推测“一定”。(五)need:①情态动词:need+动原②实义动词:needtodo③needdoing=needtobedone1.Youworryaboutme.It’snothingserious.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t(六)情态动词的被动态:情态动词+be+过分(七)maybe和maybe①maybe用于句首,可能;②maybe可能是1.Ifyoueatbadfood,youill.A.maybeB.can’tbeC.mustD.maybe练习1.---Mayweplayfootballinthestreet?---No,you.It’sdangerous.A.canB.mustn’tC.mayD.maynot2.ThemanintheofficebeMr.Blackbecausehewenthomejustnow.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t3.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident.Sohe.A.mustbetakecareofB.musttakecareofC.mustbelookedafter4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishintotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow5.---Hurryup,please!---It’squiteearly,youworryaboutthetime.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.can’t6.---There’ssomebodyatthedoor.Whoitbe?---No,itbehim.It’sjustseveno’clock.It’stooearly.A.may,can’tB.will,won’tC.may,mustn’t7.---Excuseme,couldIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?---Ofcourseyou.
A.couldB.canC.mustD.need8.Theflowereveryday,orthey’lldie.A.mustwaterB.canbewateredC.shouldwaterD.mustbewatered9.---WhatdidyourPEteachersayaboutyourhighjumpatthesportsmeeting.---HesaidthatIbetter.A.candoB.amC.willdoD.coulddo10.---Where’sLucy?---I’mnotsure.Sheinthelibrary.A.maybeB.mustC.maybeD.willbe主谓一致即谓语动词的数与主语的单复数一致:(一)One,everyone,eachone,anyone,each,either,nineof+复数+单谓。Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.Neitherofthegirlsisabletoanswerit.1.Neitherofthetwobrotherswiththeirparents.A.liveB.arelivingC.liketoliveD.lives2.oftheboysinClass4isplayinggames.A.AllB.EachC.Theboth(二)不定式、动名词作主语时,谓语用单数Toteachistolearn.Playingwithfireisdangerous.1.PalyingbaseballDale’sfavouritesport.A.isB.areC.were(三)主语后跟含有with.except.together.with.aswellas等短语时,单复数应根据主语而定,而不受这些短语的影响。1.EveryoneexceptTomandJohntherewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was
(四)主语为people.Police.cattle(家禽)poultry(家畜)等时,谓语用复数。Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.Mostpeoplethinkso.(五)主语为复数而意义为单数,谓语用单数:①news,works(作品,工作),physics,politic政治,mathematics数学,谓语用单数;②trousers,Shoes,glasses为主语时,谓语用复数,当前面有apairof修饰时,谓语动词用单数。1.Ithinkphysics________maths.A.issousefulasB.aremoreusefulasC.areasusefulasD.ismuchmoreusefulthan(六)表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语做主语时,即使其中的名词为复数名词,谓语动词也应用单数形式:Threeyearshasalreadypassedquickly.Fiftyyuanisenough.(七)由every,some,any,no构成的复合不定式代词做主语时,谓语用单数。1.Everygirl________toattendtheEnglishParty.A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like(八)就近原则:由either…or,Neither…nor,notonly…butalso连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。1.Notonlystudentsbutalsotheirteacher________theplan.A.objectB.objectsC.isobjectD.isobjectedTherebe句型中连接并列的主谓时,谓语用就近原则。Thereisagirlandfourboysintheroom.2.TheresomeChineseandthreeAmericansinthetravellingteam.
A.areB.isC.hasD.have(九)so,neither倒装句:sodoI句型(即so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语),表示“两种情况相同”。注意:时态和数要一致。SoIdo陈述语序,表示“的确如此”。Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示“两种情况都不”1.---Tomboughtacomputeryesterday.---Soshe.(sohe)2.---Theboydidn’tgotothePark.---Neither(nor)I.(十)由and连接两个不同的单数名词或代词作主语时,表示不同概念时,谓语动词用复数;而表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。JackandTomlookheathyandstrong.Thepoetandmusicianvisitsourschooltoday.(十一)the+姓氏s表示“一家人”,谓语动词用复数。TheBlacksenjoyworkinginChina.(十二)anumberof+名复+复谓表示“很多”;thenumberof+名复+单谓表示“…的数目”。Thenumberofpeopleinvitedmorethan200,andanumberofthembeenherenow.A.were,hasB.were,haveC.was,hasD.was,have练习1.NeitherWeiHuanorAnn________ontheteam.A.isB.areC.goesD.go2.“Ithinkneitherthisshirtnorthatone________good”,hesaid.A.areB.isC.wereD.was3.ThisisMissGao.She________yournewteacher.
A.beB.amC.isD.are4.Hisparents________comingtomeettheteachertonight.A.areB.wereC.is5.Howmuchmilk________inthebottle?A.hasB.arethereC.isthere6.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn________therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.isB.wasC.areD.were7.________Lily________Lucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or8.________thepopulationofChina?A.HowmuchisB.HowmanyareC.WhatisD.Whatnumberis9.Jennyandherparents________goingtovisitthePalaceMuseumtomorrowA.isB.amC.areD.be10.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher________intheclassroomthemoment.A.wereB.wasC.weren"tD.wasn"t11.—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?—________thestudentsinourschool________overtwothousand.
A.Thenumberof;is B.Thenumberof;areC.Anumberof;isD.Anumberof;are12.—Arethetwinsonthefootballteam?—No,neitherofthem________ontheteam.A.isB.areC.wereD.be13.EitherBoborPeter________watchingthe17thWorldCupnow.A.isB.areC.amD.be
英语主谓一致考查题例答案与详解1.A。neither...nor...连接两个并列主语时,应根据“就近一致”的原则,谓语动词的数与nor后面的词语相一致。2.B。同上。3.C。主语为单数第三人称。4.A。一般现在时,主语为复数。5.C。主语是不可数名词,动词用单数第三人称形式。6.B。主语是everyone,且为一般过去时。7.D。根据句子的意思是“两者之一”故选D。8.C。某地区和国家的人口是单数第三人称,表示一事物。9.C。主语为复数。10.B。neither…nor采取就近原则,故用单数,且用肯定式。11.A。表示“……的数量”应用thenumberof,谓语动词用单数第三人称形式;而anumberof表示“许多,大量的”。12.A。同1题。13.A。采用就近原则。