小学英语语法总结与练习(包括六年级) 8页

感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由what或how引导。现分述如下：一、由what引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1.可用句型：“What+a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Whatanicepresentitis!它是一件多么好的礼物啊！Whataninterestingbookitis!它是一本多么有趣的书啊！2.可用句型：“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花啊！Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他们是多么好的孩子啊！3.可用句型：“What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Whatfineweatheritistoday!今天天气多好啊！Whatimportantnewsitis!多重要的新闻啊！二、由how引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1.可用句型：“How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Howcarefulsheis!她多么细心啊！Howfastheruns!他跑得多快啊！2.可用句型：“How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Howbeautifulagirlsheis!她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3.可用句型：“How＋主语＋谓语！”。如：Howtimeflies!光阴似箭！由what引导的感叹句与由how引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：Howbeautifulagirlsheis!＝Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Whatdeliciouscakestheseare!＝Howdeliciousthesecakesare!三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如：Goodidea!（好主意！）wonderful!（太精彩了！）Thankgoodness!（谢天谢地！）感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，1)若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用whata/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如：例句1：Whatagoodboyheis!他是个多么好的男孩啊！例句2：Whatgoodboystheyare!他们是多么好的男孩啊！例句3：Whatcoldweatheritis!多么冷的天气啊！例句4：Howgoodtheboyis!这男孩多好啊！★★★若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.例：i)Howwellheplaystheguitar!（what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how）ii)Howtimeflies!(句子)iii)HowfastLiuXiangruns打油诗一首:感叹句往后看；形容词后是名单；就用whata或whatan；形后若是不可数或名复数；只用what就可以；形容词后乱糟糟；只写how就OK了。感叹句专项练习一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。 1).________difficulthomeworkwehadyesterday!2).________cutedogitis!3).________interestingthestoryis!4).________badtheweatherinEnglandis!5).________honestboyTomis ！6).________tastysmellthecakegaveoff!7).________goodtimewehadonthebeachyesterday!8).________excitingnewsyou"vebroughtus!9).________coolyournewcaris!10).________scarythesetigersare!二、选择填空。1._______fasttheboyran!A.How      B.HowanC.What        D.Whatan2._______wellyousingbut_______badlyhedances!A.How,how             B.What,whatC.How,what               D.What,how3.________deliciousthesoupis!I’dlikesomemore.A.How      B.HowanC.What       D.Whatan4._______foolstheywere!Theybelievedwhatthemansaid.A.How      B.HowanC.What       D.Whatan5._______foolishtheywere!Theybelievedwhatthemansaid.A.How      B.HowanC.What       D.Whatan6._______difficultquestionstheyare!Ican’tanswerthem.A.How      B.HowanC.What       D.Whatan7.Imissmyfriendverymuch._______Iwanttoseeher!A.How       B.HowanC.What        D.Whatan8._______lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!A.How       B.HowanC.What         D.Whatan9._______beautifulyournewdressis!A.How      B.HowanC.What         D.Whatan10._______interestingworkitistoteachchildren!A.How      B.HowanC.What         D.Whatan三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1.Theboyswamveryfast.（同义句）______________theboyswam!2.Theschooltripisveryexciting.（同义句）___________theschooltripis!3.HeiLongjianglooksverybeautifulinwinter.（同义句）______________HeiLongjianglooksinwinter!4.Itisaveryusefuldictionary.（同义句）_____________________dictionaryitis!_____________________dictionaryis!5.Thestudentsarelisteningverycarefully.________________thestudentsarelistening!时态复习：一、一般现在时 1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语：Always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don"t,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn"t，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。Eg:i)Itseldomsnowshere.Ii)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Iii)Actionspeakslouderthanwords..课堂练习1：按照要求改写句子。1. DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)DanielTVeveryevening.2.  Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)——youhomeworkeveryday？——No,I.3.Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）——shemilk?——Yes.,she.4.  SimonisfromBeijing.(同义句改写)SimonBeijing.5.   MillieiscleveratMaths.(同义句改写)MillieMaths.6、Sandyhaslonghairinaponytail.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)Sandylonghairinaponytail?Yes,.7、SimonandDanielaregoodfriends.(改为否定句)SimonandDaniel______goodfriends.8、Weareintheschoolfootballteam.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)youintheschoolfootballteam?Yes,..9、Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)________Amy________playingcomputergames?No,________________.10、Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)We__________toschooleverymorning.11、Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)________shealwaysreadytohelpothers?No,________________.12、 Theearthgoesaroundthesun.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)________theearth________aroundthesun?Yes,________________.13、HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)He________speakEnglishwell.14、JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)Where________John________from?15、Iliketakingmydogforawalkaftersupper.What________you________________aftersupper?.改错:1.   IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?2.    Doeshelookslikehisfather?3.   Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4.MrWuteachsusEnglish.5.Shedoesn’therhomeworkonSundays.二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,last(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词的过去式4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn"t，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：was或were放句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。Eg:i)Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.Ii)Ididn"tknowyouweresobusy. 课堂练习2写出下列动词的三单现和过去式go_____________enjoy______________buy____________eat_____________get______________walk_______________take____________dance_______________write_____________run_____________swim______________find______________begin____________play____________study____________句型转换1.Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________2.Therewereaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.(音乐会)否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________3.Anndidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________4.LastweekIreadanEnglishbook.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________5.Shehadsomebreadforlunchtoday.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________6.TheyreadEnglishlastnight.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________三、现在进行时1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：Now,atthistime,days,etc.look.listen3.基本结构：主语+be+doing+其他4.否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。Eg:i)Howareyoufeelingtoday?Ii)Heisdoingwellinhislessons. 四、现在完成时1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本结构：主语+have/has+p.p（过去分词）+其他4.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+p.p（过去分词）+其他5.一般疑问句：Have或Has放于句首。Eg:i)I"vewrittenanarticle.Ii)Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.     课堂练习4：I．用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I___(see)itlastweek.2.___he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.___you____(be)toHongKong?Yes,I_____(be)theretwice4.He_______just______(finish)hishomework.5._______theyoungwomanever_______(travel)toEngland?6._______eachofyou_______(read)“Gonewiththewind”yet?7.Haveyou_______(get)anynewCDs?8.Myfamilyhavenever_______(be)toSanya.9.They_______ever_______(eat)fishandchips.10.I_______just_______(lose)mysciencebook.11.HasTom_______(finish)hiswork?12.Ihavealready_______(read)thisbook.13.Shehasn"t_______(return)herbookyet.14._________youever____(eat)chocolatesundaes?No,never.15.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.16.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.17.Shanghai_____(be)asmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowit_________(become)alargecity.18.I_____(work)heresinceI____(move)herein1999.19.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.20.Howlong______theWangs______(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.21.I____just___________(finish)myhomework.22.He____(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.23.____you____________(find)yoursciencebookyet?24.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I"llgowithyou.25.Shedoesn"tlikethechildren______(play)intheroom.26.Thestudents_______(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.27.Look!Themonkey______________(climb)thetree.28.Mymother____________(come)toseemenextSunday.29.Howmanysheep____you_______________(get)?Onlyone.30.I"velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?II.句型转换(每空一词)。 1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改否定句)I______beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehe’sill(就划线部分提问)_________hecometoschool?3.HehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.(就划线部分提问)_______________learnedEnglish?4．Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)I____just____anewbike.5.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)We________English____threeyearsIII.填入has/havebeen或has/havegone.1.Harry：IsawyouinAnnabel"sRestaurantlastnight.Diana：No,itwasn"tme.Ineverthere.2.Sam：SallyandTimareonholiday,aren"tthey?Wherethey?Sue：　ToFlorida,again.Sam：Howmanytimestheythere?Sue：Thisistheirthirdvisit.3.Joe：CanIhaveanapple,please?Mary：Wehaven"tgotany.Inottotheshopstoday.4.Alan：Where"sTony?Mary：He"sgotaheadachesohetobed.5.Steve：CanIspeaktoJill,please?Lynn：She"sout,I"mafraid.Shetothecinemathisevening.　Steve：Again?Shealreadytothecinemathreetimesthisweek.IV.用for或since填空。1.JillhasbeeninIrelandMonday.2.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.4.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o"clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.6.Thebusislate.We"vebeenwaiting20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.Ｖ．单项选择：课后作业1.LiHonghas________thearmyfor2years.A.joinedB.joinedtoC.beeninD.joinedin2.Wehavebeenfriendssince______.A.childrenB.fiveyearsC.fiveyearsagoD.fiveyearsbefore3.Mike___________thestoryforamonth.A.HasboughtB.HashadC.hadhadD.hasborrowed4.You______thatquestionthreetimes.A.alreadyaskedB.havealreadyaskedC.alreadyhaveaskedD.askedalready5.ThoseforeignfriendsleftGuangzhou__________. A.sincelastweekB.aweekagoC.foraweekD.sinceaweekago6.I_____atthisschoolfortwoyearsalready.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudied7.They_________inthecitysincelastsummer.A.liveB.didn’tliveC.havelivedD.live8.Mrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou_________1992.A.sinceB.fromC.afterD.in9.Mr.Black_________Chinasincethesummerof1998.A.hasbeentoB.hasbeeninC.hascometoD.cameto10.You’dbettergoon________English.A.studyB.studiedC.studyingD.tostudy五、一般将来时1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语：Tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are+goingto+do+其他；主语+will/shall+do+其他4.否定形式：主语+am/is/arenotgoingtodo；主语+will/shallnotdo+其他5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。Eg：i)Theyaregoingtohaveacompetitionwithusinstudies.Ii)Itisgoingtorain.课堂练习3()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–________you________freetomorrow?–No.I________freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.–ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?–________.（不，不要。）A.No,youwon’t.B.No,youaren’t.C.No,pleasedon’t.D.No,please.()8.–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________ifforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()11.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving()12.He________tousassoonashegetsthere. A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote()13.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()14.Ifit________tomorrow,we’llgoroller-skating.A.isn’trainB.won’trainC.doesn’trainD.doesn’tfine()15.–WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?–No,______（不去）.A.theywilln’t.B.theywon’t.C.theyaren’t.D.theydon’t.()16.Who________we________swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()17.We________theworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing()18.Tomorrowhe_______akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen______boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch()20.There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe()21.They________anEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave()22.________you________freenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be()23.He________thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be()24.________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows()25.–ShallIcomeagaintomorrowafternoon?–________（好的）.A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwill.C.No,please.D.No,youwon’t.()26.It________theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis()27.________openthewindow?A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou()28.–Let’sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?–OK.I________.A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming()29.It________usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend()30.Thetrain________at11.A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving作业：1.本试卷上所有题目做完。复习前几次课上的语法知识，下次检查。2.订正单词默写，准备下次默写moudletwo单词（第二遍默写）。3.背剩下单元的课文，下次抽背，没有背出的，回去抄写课文5遍。态度恶劣的加抄。4.背不规则动词表。