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被动语态
什么叫被动语态?Iclosethedoor主谓宾isdbyme
一、被动语态含义被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。将宾语变主语主语变宾语谓语变be+V.pp
二、被动语态结构主+be+V.pp+(bysb.)
Exercise1.许多树被种。Manytreesareplanted(bypeople).2.那首歌被唱了许多遍了。Thesongissungmanytimes(bypeople).
八种时态下的被动语态三、被动语态的时态am/is/are+V.pp1)一般现在时
2)一般过去时was/were+V.ppEg:那个杯子昨天被我打破了。Thatcupwasbrokenbyme.
3)现在进行时am/is/arebeing+V.ppEg:这里一个新电影院正在被建。Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere
4)过去进行时was/werebeing+V.ppEg:昨晚八点一个会议正在被召开。Ameetingwasbeingheldat8o’clocklastnight.
5)现在完成时has/havebeen+V.ppeg:工作已经被他们完成了。Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem.
6)过去完成时hadbeen+V.ppeg:截止去年底,一个新体育馆已经在北京被完成了。Bytheendoflastyear,anewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing.
7)一般将来时willbe+V.ppEg:如果工厂关闭,成百上千的工作将会被丢Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.
8)过去将来时should/wouldbe+V.ppEg:她说消息会被送给Tom。ShesaidthatthenewswouldbesenttoTom.
9)情态动词的被动语态can/may/mustbe+V.ppEg:你的作业必须被完成。Yourhomeworkmustbefinished.
四、句子种类主+系+表主+动主+动+宾主+动+双宾主+动+宾+宾补√√√
1)主+动+双宾的被动Igiveyouabook.主动间接宾语直接宾语Youaregivenabook(byme).Abookisgiventoyou(byme).
2)“主+动+宾+宾补”结构的被动语态,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动.Theyturnedtheroomintoashop.Theroomwasturnedintoashop.主动宾宾补
3)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等变为被动结构时,要加to.IsawastrangerwalkintothebuildingAstrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.
4)有些动词词组用于被动结构,要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。Thebabywaslookedaftercarefully.Shelookedafterthebabycarefully.
课堂练习(一)改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._________________byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday.____________________byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._______________abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.4.Heisdrawingapicture._______________________byhim.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.______________________________byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter.__________________________byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenApictureisbeingdrawnYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten
7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook.__________________________toyou.8.Herbagcannotbefoundbyher._________________herbag.9.DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs?_________________________Russiansongsbyyou?10.Shedoesn’tlethersonswimintheriver._______________________intheriverbyher.11.Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear.__________________thebridgeatthistimelastyear.12.Doessheoftensingthesong?_____________________byher?ThenewbookhasbeengivenShecannotfindIssheoftenheardtosingHersonisn’tlettoswimTheywerebuildingIsthesongoftensung
1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner. A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;have C.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;haveto 2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow. A.developedB.havedeveloped C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped 3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff. ---Yes,italldependsontheweather. A.I"vebeentold B.I"vetold C.I"mtold D.ItoldACA
4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___. A.hascompleted B.completes C.hasbeencompleted D.iscompleted 5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture. A.cut B.arecut C.arebeingcut D.hadbeencut 6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth. A.hasbeendesigned B.hadbeendesigned C.wasdesigned D.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____. A.breaks B.hasbroken C.wasbroken D.hadbeenbrokenDCBC
8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___. A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup B.havetakenplace;havebeensetup C.havetakenplace;havesetup D.weretakenplace;weresetup 9.Thatsuit__over60dollars. A.hadcosted B.costedC.iscostedD.cost 10.---Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction. ---What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for? A.isbeingbuilt B.hasbeenbuilt C.isbuilt D.isbuilding 11.---Doyoulikethecloth? ---Yes,it___verysoft. A.isfeeling B.felt C.feels D.isfeltBDAC
12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese. A.write B.towrite C.tobewritten D.written 13.Ihavenomoreletters____,thankyou. A.totype B.typing C.tobetyped D.typed 14.Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily. A.won’twashout B.won’tbewashedout C.isn’twashedout D.isn’twashingout 15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___. A.beputup B.givein C.beturnedon D.gooutBCAD
16.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith. A.belongs B.arebelongedto C.belongsto D.belongto 17.---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook? ---Oh,excellent.It’sworth___asecondtime. A.toread B.tobereadC.readingD.beingread 18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___. A.catching B.tobecaught C.beingcaught D.tocatch 19.Thispageneeded___again. A.beingchecked B.checked C.tocheck D.tobechecked 20.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodoit.A.Havingtaught B.Havingbeentaught C.taught D.TeachingDCCDB