高考英语语法定语从句田萱 32页

专项语法复习AttributiveClause 定语从句1.定义：在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。2.三要素：2.2关系代词（who,whom,whose,which，that,as)或关系副词（when,where,why)2.3关系词在定语从句中充当成分2.1先行词 关系词在定语从句中充当成分Who/whom指人，在从句中作主语或宾语Which指物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语That指人或物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语Whose指某人的或某物的，在从句中作定语When指在某个时间，在从句中作时间状语Where指在某地，在从句中作地点状语Why指原因，在从句中原因状语 只用that不用which的情况1.先行词为不定代词all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时Allthatwehavetodoistopracticeeveryday.2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.3.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.4.先行词被all,little,much,some,any,no,every等修饰时Thereislittleworkthatyoucando.5.先行词有人又有物时。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.6.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时Whoisthewomanthatyoushookhandswithjustnow? 只用which不用that的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.2.关系代词指物放置于介词后Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.注意：如果介词没有提前用which或that都可以 1.Thisisthebook______Itoldyouabout.*2.Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplaces______impressedhermost.3.Whoisthegirl_____drovethecar?A.whichB.thatC.D.allaboveE.whoPractise:Thedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”DBB 4.He’stheonlyboyinourcity____enterstheBeijingUniversity.5.Thethirdplace_____wearegoingtovisitisHangzhou.6.Isthatthebest_____youcando?A.whichB.thatC.D.allaboveE.whoBB、CB、C 7.All____isneededismoneyandhands.8.Weheardclearlyeveryword______hesaid.A.whichB.thatC.D.allaboveE.whoBB、C 9.Thisisthegreatmomentto_____Ilookforward.10.Wesuggestedhegotoseeadoctor,____advisehasbeentakenbyhim.A.whichB.thatC.D.allaboveE.whoAA 介词+which/whom引导定语从句介词+which/whom引导定语从句时,介词的选择受到上下文意思的限制,或与前面的名词搭配有关,或与后面的动词搭配有关。如:Lighteristhefastestthingallovertheworld,thespeedofwhichis300000kmpersecond.HeistellingastoryofLeiFeng,ofwhomeveryoneofusisproud.Thepaper______bambooismadeisespeciallyfine.A.whichB.intowhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichKeys:B where,when,why引导的定语从句1)when在定语从句中作时间状语,它的先行词是表示时间的名词，相当于at/in/during+which,指代在某个时间。如:HecameatatimewhenIleastexpectedhim.2)where在定语从句中作地点状语,它的先行词是表示地点的名词，相当于at/in/on+which,指代在某地。如:HehasgonetoAmerica,wherehewillspendtwoyears.3)why在定语从句中作原因状语,它的先行词只有reason一词,相当于forwhich,指代forthereason（为此，因此而）。如:Idon’tknowthereasonwhyheleftthere.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImissedthebus. 1.Thesunheatstheearth,______isveryimportanttous.2.Hefailedintheexam,_____wasexpected.A.thatB.asC.whichD.itE.B&C**Which和as的区别CB Thesameas和thesamethat的区别1.Iwanttobuythesamepen_____youareusing.2.Thisisthesamebicycle____Ihavelost.A.thatB.asC.whichD.itE.A&BBE Such/so…as…和such/so…that…的区别“sosuch…that….”引导的是结果状语从句，从句的成分是完整的，也就是说that只起连接作用。“sosuch…as…”引导的是定语从句，从句的成分是不完整的，也就是说as代替先行词在从句中充当成分。 1.Thisis_____stone_____noonecanliftit.2.Thisis_____stone_____noonecanlift.A.soheavya,thatB.soaheavy,asC.suchaheavy,asD.suchheavya,thatAC 1.Those______willingtoattendtheparty,signhereplease.A.whoareB.thatareC.whichare2.Thisistheplace_____worthvisiting.A.whoareB.thatareC.whichis3._____known,theearthisround,notflat.A.ThatisB.AsisC.WhichareACBExx.Ｉ.关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that,as) 6.Inourschoolthereisaforeignteacher;______parentsarelivinginAmerica.5.That’sthemanthehouseof_____hasburntdown.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.his4.That’stheman_____househasburneddown.BCD； 7.Itmayrain,_____casethematchwillbeputoff.A.ofwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.whoseC 1.Wevisitedafactory____makestoysforchildren.2.Wevisitedafactory_____toysaremadeforchildren.3.Youcango______youwant.A.whereB.towhichC.D.thatADII.关系副词（when,where,why）A 4.Isthistheschool______Tomoncestudiedat?5.Isthisschool_____Tomoncestudied?6.Isthistheschoolat_____Tomoncestudied?7.Isthisschool____Tomoncestudiedat?8.Isthistheschool_____Tomoncestudied?A.theonethatB.whereC.theonewhereD.whichADCDB缺先行词 9.Summeristheseason______myfavoriteseasonis.10.Summeristheseason_____Iliketotravel.11.Iwillvisityou______it’sconvenientforyou.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.thatDBB 12.Shedoesn’tseethereason______hewouldliketojointhem.13.Shedoesn’tsee_____hewouldliketojointhem.14.Doyouforgetthereason_____Ihavetoldyou?A.whyB.C.thatD.forwhichE.allaboveF.whichEABCF **定语从句的主谓一致Heistheonlyoneofthestudents_____gotverygoodmarksinthematch.Heisoneofthestudents____gotgoodmarksinthematch.A.thathaveB.thathasC.whohaveD.whohasE.A&CF.B&DBE 几种较复杂的定语从句way后面的定语从句Pleasetellmetheway(that/inwhich/省略)youdidthejob.Theway(that/which)you’vethoughtofisverygood. 含有定语从句的强调句型.如:ItwasinthelabwhichwastakencareofbyMr.Wangthattheydidtheexperiment.把定语从句去掉，有助理解。 定语从句中加插入语。如:ThisisthemanwhoIbelieveishonest.Wefeedthechildrenwhowethinkarehungry.把插入部分去掉可简化定语从句，易于理解。 1.Wordcame______theirarmywasdefeated.2.Weexpressedtothemourwish_____wasthesameastheir.3.Itisthehotel_____westayedinlastnight.4.Itwasinthehotel_____westayedlastnight.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.A&B(同位语从句)(定语从句)（强调句）ADDA辨别句型: 定语从句与同位语从句的区别: Combinethefollowingsentences,usingattributiveclauseandsomeconjunctions. ZhangZhenwei,whoisafamousChineseactorfromZhanJiang,actedmanyfilms,oneofwhichisBreakpoint.ZhangZhenweiisaChinese.Heisanactor.Heisfamous.HeisfromZhanJiang.Heactedmanyfilms.Breakpointisoneofthefilms. LiuJieisastudent.Sheisagirl.Sheis16.Herdadisateacher.Hermotherisateacher,too.Sheisourmonitor.Sheisverybeautiful.Wealllikeher.LiuJie,agirlstudentof16,whoseparentsarebothteachers,isourmonitor.Sheisverybeautifulandwealllikeher. HomeworkWriteanarticlewiththetitle“MyEnglishTeacher”in5sentences,usingattributiveclause.