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初中英语语法—定语从句讲解 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点! 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。 关系代词和关系副词的作用: 先行词指物时,关系代词用that或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。 如:Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasalargepopulation. Thecomputergamewhich/thatheisplayingishisfavorite. 先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom(作宾语),whose(作定语),that(作主语或宾语)。如:
Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasbeenretired. Thisisthepolicemanwho/whomtheyweretalkingaboutyesterday. Ilikethegirlwhosemotherisanactor. 注意:下列情况下关系代词只用that而不用which或who。 先行词是指物的不代词,如:all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时。如:Ididn"tunderstandthewordsallthathesaid. 2.先行词由最高级、序数词以及any,very,only,all,no,just等所修饰。如:ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavebeento. 行词既包括人,也包括物。如:Theyalwaysliketotalkaboutthemanandthethingsthattheyseeontheroad. 当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。如:whoisthemanthatopenedupthelab. 例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松! Heisafriend______canhelpyouintimeofneed.
A.whohe B.whose C./ D.who 解析:引导词在定语从句中做主语,指人。应选D。 Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid. A.which,that B.that,which C.which,which D.that,that 解析:先行词前有序数词,最高级时,引导次只能用that.应选D. Thisistheonlyoneofthesebooksthat______worthreading. A.has B.have C.is D.are 解析:引导词that在句中作主语,代指one,应选C。 Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowismyfather.
A.who B.he C.which D.whose 解析:引导词在句中作主语指人,应选A. Theythought toomuchabout ______. A.whichIhadsaid B.whatIhadsaid C.thatIhadsaid D.Ihadsaid 解析:此题引导词作在从句中作宾语,表示说话的内容,应选B。 练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩! 一、选择最佳答案填空: 1. Didyoufindthenotebook______Jimhadgivenmeformybirthday? A.who B. whom C.which D.whose 2.That"sall______Ihaveseenandheard. A.which B.that C.where D.what
3.Haveyouseentheman______planweweretalkingabout______yesterday? A. who,them B.its,them C.whose,/ D.whose,them 4.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes______offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar. A.whicharenot B.thathavenotbeen C.thathasnot D.thathasnotbeen 5.Heneverreadsanything______isnotworthreading. A.that B.as C.who D.which 6.Theman________coatisblackiswaitingatthegate. A.who"s B.whose C.that D.ofwhich
7._________cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst. A.Anyone B.thosewhoo C.However D.Theonewho 8.Thepolicecaughttheman_______stolemyhandbag. A.he B.that C.whom D.which 9.Thegirl________isreadingunderthetree________mysister. A.which,is B.whom,was C.who,is D.who,was 10.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher_______ lovedclimbing. A.who B.whom C.he D.which 1-5 CDCBA 6-10BDBCA