初中英语语法定语从句 7页

初中英语语法—定语从句讲解　　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。　　知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！　　定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。　　关系代词和关系副词的作用：　　先行词指物时，关系代词用that或which（在句中作主语或宾语）。　　如：Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasalargepopulation.　　Thecomputergamewhich/thatheisplayingishisfavorite.　　先行词指人时，关系代词用（who）作主语或宾语，whom(作宾语)，whose(作定语)，that(作主语或宾语)。如： 　　Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasbeenretired.　　Thisisthepolicemanwho/whomtheyweretalkingaboutyesterday.　　Ilikethegirlwhosemotherisanactor.　　注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that而不用which或who。　　先行词是指物的不代词，如：all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时。如：Ididn"tunderstandthewordsallthathesaid.　　    2．先行词由最高级、序数词以及any,very,only,all,no,just等所修饰。如：ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavebeento.　　行词既包括人，也包括物。如：Theyalwaysliketotalkaboutthemanandthethingsthattheyseeontheroad.　　当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。如：whoisthemanthatopenedupthelab.　　例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！　　Heisafriend______canhelpyouintimeofneed. 　　A.whohe    B.whose  C./      D.who　　  解析：引导词在定语从句中做主语，指人。应选D。　　Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.　　A.which,that  B.that,which  C.which,which D.that,that　　解析：先行词前有序数词，最高级时，引导次只能用that.应选D.　　Thisistheonlyoneofthesebooksthat______worthreading.　　A．has    B.have    C.is      D.are  　　  解析：引导词that在句中作主语，代指one，应选C。　　Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowismyfather. 　　A.who    B.he      C.which   D.whose　　解析：引导词在句中作主语指人，应选A.　　Theythought toomuchabout ______.　　A.whichIhadsaid     B.whatIhadsaid　　C.thatIhadsaid       D.Ihadsaid　　解析：此题引导词作在从句中作宾语，表示说话的内容，应选B。　　练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！　　一、选择最佳答案填空：　　1． Didyoufindthenotebook______Jimhadgivenmeformybirthday?　　A.who     B. whom  C.which  D.whose　　2.That"sall______Ihaveseenandheard.　　  A.which    B.that     C.where   D.what 　　3.Haveyouseentheman______planweweretalkingabout______yesterday?　　 A. who,them B.its,them  C.whose,/   D.whose,them　　4.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes______offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.　　 A.whicharenot  B.thathavenotbeen C.thathasnot  D.thathasnotbeen　　5.Heneverreadsanything______isnotworthreading.　　 A.that    B.as   C.who   D.which　　6.Theman________coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.　　 A.who"s     B.whose          C.that       D.ofwhich 　　7._________cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst.　　 A.Anyone  B.thosewhoo        C.However      D.Theonewho　　8.Thepolicecaughttheman_______stolemyhandbag.　　 A.he      B.that    C.whom    D.which　　9.Thegirl________isreadingunderthetree________mysister.　　 A.which,is      B.whom,was       C.who,is      D.who,was　　10.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher_______ lovedclimbing.　　 A.who         B.whom         C.he          D.which　　1-5   CDCBA      6-10BDBCA