初中英语语法模块之一般疑问句 4页

初中英语语法模块：一般疑问句及练习1：定义：疑问句的一种，并以“Yes，…”，或“No，…”回答的句子。其结构是系动词/be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分系动词亦称联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。有be，keep，stay，be,look,feel,smell,become等。助动词：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：Hedoesn"tlikeEnglish.（doesn"t是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)最常用的助动词有：have,do,shall,will,should,would情态动词：can，could，may,would,must等回答：肯定：Yes+主语+提问的助动词否定：No+主语+提问的助动词+not2：陈述句变一般疑问句的技巧：陈述句和一般疑问句的一大区别就是句子中系动词和助动词位置的区别，所以要首先了解英语中动词分为三类动词：A：情态助动词（can，could，may,would,must等）Eg:Icandomyhomeworkonmyown.Canyoudoyourhomeworkonyourown?Heshouldsaythankstothehelper.Shouldhesaythankstothehelper?Shemaypassthefinalexamthistime.Mayshepassthefinalexamthistime?Iwouldmissyouwhenyouareaway.WouldyoumissmewhenIamaway?B:系动词（be,smell,taste,look,sound,seem等）Eg:MyfatherisapolicemanAreyourfatherapoliceman?Thecaketastesgood.Doesthecaketastesgood?Theriverovertherelooksclear.Doestheriverovertherelookclear?C:行为动词即实意动词（动词本身就是来描述行为的）Eg:Iliketoplaybasketball.Doyouliketoplaybasketball?3：陈述句变一般疑问句的方法A:含be动词或情态动词的句子：秘诀：一调二改三问号一调：即把句中的be动词或者情态动词调到句子主语前二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语I/My/mine/we/our/ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you/yous/your等三问号：在句子末尾加问号Eg;IamanEnglishteacherAreyouanEnglishteacher?WecanspeakEnglishfluentlyCanyouspeakEnglishfluently?SheisbeautifulandniceIsshebeautifulandnice? ThosebooksareoursArethesesbooksyours?此类问答：肯定：Yes,主语+be动词或者情态动词否定：No,主语+be动词或者情态动词+not注意：be动词或者情态动词与not连用有缩写形式，主要有isn’t,aren’t,wasn’t,weren’t,can;t,mustn’t,needn’t等Eg:IsthisyourEnglishbook?肯定：Yes,itis否定：No,itisnot/itisn’tAretheseyourEnglishbook?肯定：Yes,theyare否定：No,theyarenot/theyaren’t以上两个例句中，回答时必须将this/that/变成it，将these/those变成they。B:含行为动词或者实意动词的句子秘诀：一加二改三问号一加：即在句首加助动词do或者does（当主语是第三人称单数的时候），注意如果句子是过去时，does/do需变成did第三人称单数有哪些1.第三人称单数代词有：he,she,it。如：Howoldisshe?她多大了？2.指示代词this,that。如：That"saChinesecar.那是辆中国小汽车。3.不定代词everyone,somebody,something,nobody,everything,everybody等。Iseveryoneheretoday?今天大家都到了吗？4.单数可数名词。如：Lucy,acat,mybook,anorange,thebag等。如：Lucyisagoodgirl.露西是个好女孩。5.不可数名词可被看作第三人称单数。如:Thereissomemoneyinthepurse.在钱包里有些钱。二改：一把谓语动词改为原型。二要改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语I/My/mine/we/our/ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you/yous/your等三问号：在句子末尾加问号Eg:WereadEnglisheverymorning.DoyoureadEnglisheverymorning?Yes,wedo/No,wedon’tTom’sfatherlistenstotheradioeveryday.DoesTom’sfatherlistentotheradioeveryday?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesnot.Helenfinishedherhomeworkyesterday.DidHelenfinishherhomeworkyesterday?Yes,shedid/No,hedidn’t.此类问答：肯定：Yes,主语+do/does/did否定：No,主语+do/does/did+not注意，助动词do也常用缩写形式，主要有don’t,doesn’t,didn’t等C:加强记忆口诀：“肯变一，并不难，can或be提在前；谓语若为行为动，do或does句首用。一般疑问句回答时注意：肯定回答除了用Yes外还可以用OK/Certainly/Ofcourse等；否定回答除了用No，还可以用Sorry/Sorry,Ican’t等。Eg:CanyouspeakEnglish?肯定：Ofcourse/Certainly 否定：Sorry,Ican’t.补充：“some”还是“any”在一般疑问句中，表示“一些”时，一般用any。但如果这个问句是用来表达“建议，请求，邀请”等交际功能时，应该用some。Eg:Isthereanyteainthecup?Doyouhaveanychildren?MayIhavesomefish?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Shallwebuysomevegetables?CanIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?Whynothavesomebread?Howaboutsomeorangejuice?一般疑问句习题一．基础巩固1.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.___________________________________________?2.Theycanswim.___________________________________________?3.HisbirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.___________________________________________?4.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.___________________________________________?5.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.___________________________________________?6.Everybodyisintheclassroom.___________________________________________?7.Heiswateringtheflowersinthepark.____________________________________________?8.Heisapupil.________________________________________?9.Youareastudent.________________________________________________?10.Hewalkstoschool.________________________________________________?11.Sheisaworker.___________________________________________________?12.Heisadoctor._____________________________________________________?13.Youareateacher. _____________________________________________________?8.Yougotoschoolbybike._____________________________________________________?9.Hegetsupearly.______________________________________________________?二.能力提升：1.Thesecatsarecrying.（喊叫）___________________________________________?1.Iliketoread（阅读）English.___________________________________________?2.Igotoschoolonfoot.（走路）___________________________________________?3.HelikesEnglish.___________________________________________?4.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus.（乘公共汽车）___________________________________________?5.Heiscrying（哭）underthetree.___________________________________________?8.Theboyunderthetree(树)ishungry.(饥饿)___________________________________________?9.Hegoestoschooleveryday.___________________________________________?10.Iwanttohaveamodelcar（摩托车）.___________________________________________?11.Shewantsacup（杯）ofcoffee（咖啡）.___________________________________________?12.Mrs.LiandKittywatchTVatnight（在晚上）.___________________________________________?13.Idomyhomework（家庭作业）after（在……之后）school._______________________________________________14.Thisismymother.____________________________________________?15.Thesearemygrandparents.____________________________________________?16.Ilikesalad.____________________________________________?17.TheylikeFrenchfries.____________________________________________?18.Shelikesbananas.____________________________________________?19.JoyhasasmallT-shirt.____________________________________________?