初中英语语法之一般现在时 40页

一般现在时TheSimplePresentTense getupgotobedgotosleep havebreakfasthavelunchhavedinnerhavesupper gotoschoolgohome startworkstartlessonsfinishschool playfootballwashhands dohomeworkwatchTV 1.我在早上七点半起床.2.我们在3：30回家。3.他们在学校吃午饭。4.我十二岁。Igetupathalfpastseven.Wegohomeathalfpastthree.Theyhavelunchatschool.I’mtwelve. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。概念 1.一般现在时表示现在的状态1）I’mtwelve.(我十二岁）2)Ihavethreebaseballs.（我有三个棒球）2）I’mintheclassroom（我在教室里）3）Jackisfromchina.（杰克来自中国）4）Whereismybag?（我的包在哪儿）5）Iamastudent.(我是一名学生）用法 2.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。1）Sheusuallygetsupatsixo’clock.(她通常在六点钟起床）2）HereadsEnglisheverymorning.他每天早晨读英语。 通常和时间标志词连用：often经常，usually通常，always总是，sometimes有时，never从不，everyday每天，onweekends在周末等3）Lucynevertakesashower.(露西从不洗澡）4）Wesometimesplaybasketballafterschool.(我们有时在放学后打篮球）5）Ialwaysdomyhomeworkonweekends(我总是在周末做作业） 3.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。1）ShelikesEnglish.(她喜欢英语）2）Ilikeplayingbasketballball,butdon"tlikeplayingbaseball.(我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球）3）HecanspeakChinese.(他能够说英语）4）Shesingswell.(她唱歌很好听。） 4.普遍真理和自然规律：1）Twoandfourissix.二加四等于六。2）Themoongoesaroundtheearth.月亮绕着地球转。 主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.1.Weoftengetupearlyinthemorning.2.Myfatheroftengetsupearlyinthemorning.一般现在时表达方法 用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数”如he,she,it,myfather,mymother,mysister,ourEnglishteacher,Tom,Mike,LiuJia,China,mybook,etc.第三人称单数 1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work--live--play--sing--eg:She______(live)inNingbo.她住在宁波。动词第三人称单数变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。动词三单变化规律livesworkslivesplayssings 2.以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es。读作/iz/如：eg:Mymother_______(wash)thecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。washesteach----wash----miss----pass----mix----fix----push----wish----teacheswashesmissespassesmixesfixespusheswishes 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。如：fly→　　try→fry→　copy→buy→　　enjoy→play→　　say→pay→fliestriesfriescopiesbuysenjoysplayssayspays 4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es,读作[z]godogoesdoes5.特殊情况：havebe(am,are)hasis 1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.He_____aworker.You____thirteen.They____intheclassroom.否定句：主语+be+not+表语.e.g.He_____(notbe)aworker.You______(notbe)thirteen.They______(notbe)intheclassroom.句式结构isarearearen’taren’tisn"t 一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g.___heaworker?Yes,he___./No,he___.____youthirteen?____theyintheclassroom?Yes,they___.No,they______.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?e.g.What___he?Whatcolour___thatbird?Howold___you?Where___they?IsAreArearearen’tisisn’tisisareare 小结：be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)否定句：主语+be+not+表语.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语? 2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：肯定句:主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他.1)I______(stay)athomeonSaturdays.2)They_____(have)sportseveryday.3)Myparents____(give)metenyuaneveryweek.主语（三单）+v.-s/v.-es+其他.He_______(stay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy____(have)sportseveryday.stayhavegivestayshas 否定句：主语(非三单)+don"t+v.原形+其他4)I_________(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.5)They_________(not)havesportseveryday.6)Myparents________(not)givetenyuantomeeveryweek.主语(三单)+doesn"t+v.原形+其他He__________(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy___________(nothave)sportseveryday.donotdoes+notdon’tstaydon’thavedon"tgivedoesn’tstaydoesn’thave 一般疑问句：Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+do.否定回答：No,主语+don"t.1)___you____(stay)athomeonSaturdays?2)___they____(have)sportseveryday?Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他？_____he_____(stay)athomeonSaturdays?_____Lucy______(have)sportseveryday?DostayDohaveDoesDoesstayhave 特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他？e.g.What___you______(want)?What_____she_____(want)?Whattime___you_____(have)lunch?Whattime____she____(have)lunch?What____you___(do)?What______she____(do)?How____you____(spell)it?How_____he_____(spell)it?dodododowanthavehavewantdodospelldoesdoesdoesdoesspell 小结：(1).如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+don"t+动词原形+其他一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答:Yes，主语+do.否定回答:No，主语+don"t.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? (2).主语是第三人称单数，肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:主语+doesn"t+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes，主语+does否定回答:No，主语+doesn"t特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? 1.写出下列动词的三单形式go____catch___brush___wash___do____like_____have____watch___drink___fly____say____learn_____eat____read____sing____buy_____study___stay____make____look___pass___carry____come___plant(种植)___teach_______buy__________练习巩固 2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Weoften_______(play)intheplayground.2.He_______(get)upatsixo’clock.3.____you______(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What______(do)heusually____(do)afterschool?5.Danny_______(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool. 6.Mikesometimes_______(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,sheoften_______(watch)TVwithhisparents.8._____Mike_____(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons_____yourclassmate______(have)onMonday?10.Whattime______hismother_______(do)thehousework? 3.选择题1.I____toschoolat7:00inthemorning.A.goB.goingC.goes2.They__bookseverydayinthelibrary.A.readsB.readC.reading3.Themonkey__eatingbananasverymuch.A.likeB.likesC.liking 4.Myfather____toreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.A.likeB.likesC.liking5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymother__likeit.A.don’tB.doesn’tC.does6.____yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?A.DoB.AreC.Does 7.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.A.don"trainB.didn"trainC.doesn"trainD.isn"train8.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets 9.WangMei___musicandoften__tomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen10.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied 4.改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.___________5.Shedon"tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________ 5.把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句.例：Ilikecooking.→Doyoulikecooking?Yes,Ido.No,Idon"t.Idon"tlikecooking.1.Myfriendslikeplayingsoccer.2.TheyspeakEnglisheveryday.3.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening4.JohnisfromCanada. 5.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.6.Mydogrunsfast.7.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.8.Shecanplaythepianowell. Thankyou!