初中英语语法系列否定句疑问句 62页

Goodmorning! 肯定句否定句 句型第一讲：否定句疑问句 句型分类陈述句肯定句否定句疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句 一.肯定句变否定句1)Iamastudent.Iamnotastudent.2)Theyareblue.Theyaren’tblue.3)HeisKangkang.Heisn’tKangkang.1.句子中有be等助动词时，在助动词后加not。 2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加don’t。1)Ihaveabook.Idon’thaveabook.2)TheylikeChinese.Theydon’tlikeChinese.3)WecomefromChina.Wedon’tcomefromChina. 3。谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesn’t，动词用原形。1)Shehasasmallmouth.Shedoesn’thaveasmallmouth.2)MarialikesChina.Mariadoesn’tlikeChina.3)JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.Janedoesn’tcomefromtheU.S.A. 练习：将下列句子变成否定句。1.Iamateacher.Iateacher.2.Wearestudents.Westudents.3.Janeisagirl.Janeagirl.4.TheylikeEnglish.TheylikeChinese5.IcomefromChina.IcomefromChina.6.HelikesChinese.HelikeChinese.7.MariacomesfromCuba.MariacomefromCuba.8.WeknowMaria.WeknowMaria.amnotaren’tisn’tdon’tdon’tdoesn’tdoesn’tdon’t 二.肯定句变一般疑问句1.1)Iamastudent.Areyouastudent?2)Theyareblue.Aretheyblue?3)HeisKangkang.IsheKangkang?句子中有be，把be提到句首 2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1)Ihaveabook.Doyouhaveabook?2)TheylikeChinese.DotheylikeChinese?3)WecomefromChina.DoyoucomefromChina? 3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。1)Shehasasmallmouth.Doesshehaveasmallmouth?2)MarialikesChina.DoesMarialikeChina?3)JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.DoesJanecomefromtheU.S.A?4)SheknowsMaria.DoessheknowMaria? 练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。1.Iamateacher.ateacher?2.Theyarestudents.Students?3.Janeisagirl.agirl?4.TheylikeEnglish.theylikeEnglish?5.IcomefromChina.youcomefromChina?6.HelikesChinese.heChinese?7.MariacomesfromCuba.MariafromCuba?8.WespeakChinese.youChinese?AreyouAretheyIsJaneDoDoDoeslikeDoescomeDospeak 三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答AreyouMaria?肯定回答：Yes,主+助/系.否定回答:No,主+助/系+not.肯定回答：Yes,Iam.否定回答：No,I’mnot. 2.问句和答语的助动词保持一致.1)Areyouastudent?肯:Yes,Iam.否：No,I’mnot.2)IsheKangkang?肯：Yes，heis.否：No，heisn’t.3)DotheylikeChinese?肯：Yes,theydo.否：No,theydon’t.4)Doesshehaveasmallmouth?肯：Yes,shedoes.否：No,shedoesn’t. 3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）1)IsJanefromtheU.S.A?2)DoesKangkangcomefromChina?3)DoJaneandMarialikeChina?4)Isthisaruler?肯:Yes,sheis.否:No，sheisn’t.肯:Yes,hedoes.否:No,hedoesn’t.肯:Yes,theydo.否:No,theydon’t.肯:Yes,itis.否：No，itisn’t. 5)Isthatadesk?6)Arethesebooks?7)Arethosepencils?8)Aretheseerasers?9)Isthatanorange?肯：Yes，itis.否：No，itisn’t.肯：Yes，theyare.否：No，theyaren’t.肯：Yes，theyare.否：No，theyaren’t.肯：Yes,theyare.否：No，theyaren’t.肯：Yes,itis.否：No，itisn’t. 练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Areyouastudent?Yes,.No,.2.DotheylikeEnglish?Yes,.No,.3.IsJaneagirl?Yes,.No,.4.DoesMarialikeChina?Yes,.No,.IamI’mtheynottheydodon’tsheissheisn’tshedoesshedoesn’t he5.IsKangkangastudent?Yes,.No,.6.Isthatagirl?Yes,.No,.7.Arethosetelephones?Yes,.No,.8.DoesTomknowJane?Yes,.No,.9.DotheycomefromtheU.S.A?Yes,.No,.10.Isthisanegg?Yes,.No,.isheisn’titisitisn’ttheyaretheyaren’thedoeshedoesn’ttheydotheydon’titisitisn’t 四.对划线部分提问.将划线部分去掉,分析句意.1.MynameisNancy.yourname?2.IamfromChina.areyoufrom?3.Iamfine.areyou?4.Miss.WangisourEnglishteacher.isyourEnglishteacher?5.Lucyistenyearsold.areyou?6.HeisinClassOneGradeTwo.ishein?What’sWhereHowWhoHowoldWhatclass 7.Mytelephonenumberis5805000.yourtelephonenumber?8.Theyarecars.arethese?9.Thisismycap.capisthis?10.MyfavoritemoviestarisBruceLee.isyourfavoritemoviestar?11.Itisyellow.isit？12.Sheistall.Whatdoesshe?WhatisWhatWhoseWhoWhatcolorlooklike 五.同义句转换.1.PleasegiveJanethebook.PleasethebookJane.2.Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?Couldyoupleaseyournameme?3.Hehasshorthair.isshort.4.Ihaveabignose.isbig.5.Youhaveawidemouth.iswide.givetotelltoHishairMynoseYourmouth 6.MyEnglishteacherisold.MyEnglishteacherisnot.7.Bettyisnotshort.Bettyis.8.Thisismybook.Thisis.9.Thisjacketisnotnew.Thisjacketis.10.Myrulerisnotlong.Myruleris.11.Shelookslikehermom.Sheandhermomlook.12.TheycomefromChina.TheyChina.youngtallmineoldshortthesamearefrom 六.单复数转换.1.将下列句子变成复数.Itisabox.boxes.Thisisaruler.rulers.Thatisaneraser.erasers.Heisastudent.students.Thisisabus..Thatisapen..TheyareTheseareThoseareTheyareThesearebusesThosearepens 2.将下列句子变成单数。1.Theyarepencils.apencil.2.Theseareerasers.aneraser.3.Theyareboys.aboy.4.Theyaregirls.agirl.5.Thosearebooks.abook.6.Thesearedesks.adesk.7.Theseareboxes.a.8.Thosearecars.a.ItisThisisHeisSheisThatisThisisThisisboxThatiscar 句型转换专项练习一、将下列句子改为复数形式：1.Thereisaknifeinthebox.There________________inthebox.2.She"sawomandoctor.They"re____________.3.Ourteacheroftentellsusastory.Our______often______us_______.4.Thesheepisoverthere.The____________overthere.5.Pleasepassmeapieceofbread.Pleasepassmesome______of______.aresomekniveswomendoctorsteacherstellstoriessheeparepiecesbread 二、下列句子改为否定句：1.Hedoessomereadingeveryday.He___________________readingeveryday.2.Ihavetowashthedishes.I___________________washthedishes.3.Tellhimthenews.______________himthenews.4.Shehasbrothersandsisters.Shehas_______brothers_______sisters.5.Ithinksheisright.I______________she_______right 二、下列句子改为否定句：1.Hedoessomereadingeveryday.He___________________readingeveryday.2.Ihavetowashthedishes.I___________________washthedishes.3.Tellhimthenews.______________himthenews.4.Shehasbrothersandsisters.Shehas_______brothers_______sisters.5.Ithinksheisright.I______________she_______rightdoesn"tdoanydon"thavetoDon"ttellnoordon"tthinkis 三、下列句子改为一般疑问句：1.Thereissomefruitjuiceintheglass._____________________fruitjuiceintheglass?2.Hehastostayhere.______he______tostaythere?3.Wedoeyeexerciseseveryday.______you______eyeexerciseseveryday?4.Shehassomethingtoeat.______she____________toeat?5.Iamgoodatsinginganddancing.______yougoodatsinging______dancing? 三、下列句子改为一般疑问句：1.Thereissomefruitjuiceintheglass._____________________fruitjuiceintheglass?2.Hehastostayhere.______he______tostaythere?3.Wedoeyeexerciseseveryday.______you______eyeexerciseseveryday?4.Shehassomethingtoeat.______she____________toeat?5.Iamgoodatsinginganddancing.______yougoodatsinging______dancing?IsthereanyDoeshaveDodoDoeshaveanythingAreand 四、对划线部分提问：1.Mymothergoestoworkbybike.______________yourmother_______towork?2.ThatisamapofFrance._______mapisthat?3.Thebagofriceistenkilos._____________________thebagofrice?4.IthinkChinesefoodisverynice._______doyou_____________Chinesefood?5.Thestudentsliketheirteacherverymuch.______dothestudents______theirteacher? 四、对划线部分提问：1.Mymothergoestoworkbybike.______________yourmother_______towork?2.ThatisamapofFrance._______mapisthat?3.Thebagofriceistenkilos._____________________thebagofrice?4.IthinkChinesefoodisverynice._______doyou_____________Chinesefood?5.Thestudentsliketheirteacherverymuch.______dothestudents______theirteacher?HowdoesgoWhatHowheavyisWhatthinkofHowlike 6.Hishouseisverybig.____________hishouse_______?7.Therearesixkitesinthesky.______inthesky?8.HelivesinRoom306.__________________he______in?9.Shelooksworriedbecauseshecan"tfindherdog._____________she______worried?10.Ittakeshimhalfanhourtowritethee-mail.____________________it______himtowritethee-mail? 6.Hishouseisverybig.____________hishouse_______?7.Therearesixkitesinthesky.______inthesky?8.HelivesinRoom306.__________________he______in?9.Shelooksworriedbecauseshecan"tfindherdog._____________she______worried?10.Ittakeshimhalfanhourtowritethee-mail.____________________it______himtowritethee-mail?WhatislikeWhat"sWhichroomdoesliveWhydoeslookHowlongdoestake 11.Classesbeginateight.____________________classes________?12.Iwanttobuythreekilosofmeat.______________________doyouwanttobuy?13.Hisuncleisabusinessman.______________hisuncle________?14.TheorangedressisKate"s.______________isKate"s?15.It"sSundaytoday.______________isittoday? 11.Classesbeginateight.____________________classes________?12.Iwanttobuythreekilosofmeat.______________________doyouwanttobuy?13.Hisuncleisabusinessman.______________hisuncle________?14.TheorangedressisKate"s.______________isKate"s?15.It"sSundaytoday.______________isittoday?WhattimedobeginHowmuchmeatWhatdoesdoWhichdressWhatday 16.Thecatsarerunningupthetree.________arethecats_________?17.Jim"splaneisbroken._______________________Jim"splane?18.Hewouldlikefivecakes._______________________wouldhelike?19.TheyplayfootballeveryFriday.________________theyplayfootball?20.ThemaninbrownisTom"sfather.________________isTom"sfather? 16.Thecatsarerunningupthetree.________arethecats_________?17.Jim"splaneisbroken._______________________Jim"splane?18.Hewouldlikefivecakes._______________________wouldhelike?19.TheyplayfootballeveryFriday.________________theyplayfootball?20.ThemaninbrownisTom"sfather.________________isTom"sfather?WhererunningWhat"swrongwithHowmanycakesWhendoWhichman Goodbye!Thankyou! GrammarThePassiveVoice被动语态 Howtodescribethepictures？Theriverwasseriouslypolluted. Sometreeshavebeencutdown. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。英语语态被动语态的构成workedopenedclosedseentaughtaskedworkcloseopenaskseeteache.g.由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。 被动语态在不同时态的不同形式被动语态的基本构成：be+p.p一般现在时(do,does)is/am/aredone一般过去时(did)was/weredone一般将来时(willdo)willbedone现在进行时(is/am/aredoing)is/am/arebeingdone过去进行时(was/weredoing)was/werebeingdone现在完成时(have/hasdone)have/hasbeendone带情态动词(can/must/maydo)can/must/maybedone 主动语态：S（主语）+P（谓语）+O（宾语）被动语态：S（主语）+P(被动结构)+byO（宾语）一般现在时：is/am/are+p.p一般过去时：was/were+p.p一般将来时：willbe+p.p详见上页主动语态变为被动语态 Practise(2):Makesentencesacomputer/use/everydayAcomputerisusedeveryday. thebridge/build/lastyearThebridgewasbuiltlastyear. thesebigbuildings/build/nextyearThesebigbuildingswillbebuiltnextyear. thethief/catch/thepolicemen/yesterdayThethiefwascaughtbythepolicemenyesterday. Ex1.把下列的句子改为被动语态ManypeoplevisitShenzheneveryyear.Shenzhen___________________manypeopleeveryyear.isvisitedby2.Theybuiltsomehousesinthevillage.Somehouses______________by_______inthevillage.werebuiltthem3.Wewilltellyoueverythingaboutittomorrow.You_________________everythingaboutittomorrow.willbetold4.Thestudentscanusethecomputer.Thecomputer____________________bythestudents.canbeused5.Hehassoldoutallthebooks.Allthebooks__________________________byhim.havebeensoldout 6.Theworkerisrepairingacarnow.Acar____________________bytheworkernow.isbeingrepaired7.TheytookthesephotosontheGreatWall.Thesephotos_______________ontheGreatWall.weretaken8.Thegirlshavesentsomeflowerstothesinger.Someflowers_____________________tothesinger.havebeensent9.Youmustfinishyourworkbeforeyougotobed.Yourwork____________________beforeyougotobed.mustbefinished Thefishhasbeeneatenbythecat.Thefishwillbeeatenbythecat. thetree/cutThetreeisbeingcutbytheman. shenzhenairport/use/foralongtimeShenzhenairporthasbeenusedforalongtime. TheWorldTradeCentre/smashdown(撞毁）TheWorldTradeCentrewassmasheddown. thiskindofcar/canmake/inthisfactoryThiskindofcarcanbemadeinthisfactory. Payattention!Shegavemesomemoney.Iwasgivensomemoneybyher.Somemoneywasgiventomebyher.Hewillshowmesomephotos.Iwillbeshownsomephotosbyhim.Somephotoswillbeshowntomebyhim. Payattention!Hismothermakeshimplaythepiano.Heismadetoplaythepianobyhismother.Wesawthemgoout.Theywereseentogooutbyus.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkersweremadetoworkalldaybytheboss. 1.Thesenewcars____________(make)in1994.2.LiMing_____________(ask)tovisitHK.nextmonth.3.Anewcomposition______________(write)now.4.Ahole_____________(dig)atthattime.5.Anewhotel_______________(build)whenIgotthere.6.Heboughtmeabook.Abook____________________mebyhim.7.TheycallhimBob.He___________Bobbythem.weremadewillbeaskedisbeingwrittenwasbeingdughadbeenbuiltwasboughtforiscalled Theydon’tusetheroom.Theroom_____________bythem.2.DidTomuseit?_______it_______byTom?3.Whomadeit?Who_______it________by?4.Wheredidyoufindthem?Where________they________byyou?isn’tusedWasusedwasmadewerefound Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.Thebridge(build)lastyear.TheOlympicGames(hold)everyfouryears.Theproblem(discuss)atthemeetingnow.Hisnewbook(publish)nextmonth.Theclassroom(notclean)yet.wasbuiltareheldisbeingdiscussedwillbepublishedhasnotbeencleaned Readtext-16.Themachine(repair)atthistimeyesterday.7.Shesaidthereport(type)byLiMeifortwoweeks.8.MissLisaidthebook(give)tothestudentsthenextmorning.9.BytheendofnexttermtwothousandEnglishwords(learn).10.Hesaidtheproject.(finish)by2010.wasbeingrepairedhadbeentypedwouldbegivenwillhavebeenlearnedwouldhavebeenfinished