中考英语语法专练--名词冠词数词 3页

名词专项1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange(桔汁);fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper(纸);time(时间);music;weather;grass;news;food;fish(鱼肉);coke;porridge;cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.2)表量用约数some/any;much;alotof或用of短语3）数词+量词+of+不可数名词eg.twopiecesofpaper两张纸（量词可以决定单复数）eg.Thereis____breadonthetable.A.aB.oneC.apieceofD.manyThereissome_______ontheplate.A.appleB.fishC.milksD.deer2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化：man—men;woman—women;child—children,policeman—policemen；mouse(鼠)—miceEnglishman—Englishmen,Frenchman—Frenchmen；foot—feet;tooth—teethB、规则变化1）s;sh;ch;x结尾加es2)f(fe)结尾则变f(fe)为v加es3)“辅+y”结尾变y为i加es①potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes,②单复同形:fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese③由man,woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变复数mandoctor—__________④“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余后面加s.eg.German—________⑥people,police常用单数形式表示复数概念Thepolice_____lookingforthemissingboy.3可数名词的数量4、名词所有格：名词’s(意思是“……的”)1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”e.g.LucyandLily’sfather露西和莉莉的父亲表两者分别有,则在每个名字后加“’s”Lucy’sandLily’sfathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2)以s结尾的词只加“’”eg.1)theboys’books2)James’father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg.thelegofthedesk4)双重所有格：afriendofmyfather’safriendofmine(√)afriendofmy(×)【2011上海】1.Theoldmanusedtoraisemany_____tomakealivingonthefarm.　　A.duck         B.horse        C.bird       D.sheep【2011安徽】2.--Ihavegreat__inlearningmathandI"msoworried.Couldyouhelpme?3.Couldyoupleasegetmesome______?I’mhungry.　　A.apple B.water C.bread  D.egg4.Cicienjoysdancing.It"soneofher ____.　　A.prize    B.prizes    C.hobby      D.hobbies　　5.havesomeproblemswithmyEnglishwriting.Canyougivemesome____?　　A.advice     B.decisions     C.information  D.messages6.“Iwanttojump!”_________girlcriedinthehospitalinLibya(利比亚).　　A.5-year-old    B.5-years-olds     C.5yearold   D.5-year-old.　　7.Tomhasjustfinishedwritinga_________article.　　A.nine-hundred-words     B.nine-hundreds-wordC.nine-hundred-word  D.nine-hundreds-words　　【2011?四川泸州】8.---Howfarisyourfamilyfromhere?　　---It’saboutten_____walk.　　A.minute’s    B.minute   C.minutes’   D.minutes　　【2011贵州安顺】9.—Mr.Smithalwayshas_____totellus. —Sohedoes.　　A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnews　　C.somegoodpieceofnews    10.—Howmany __teachersarethereinyourschool?　— ____them______overtwohundred.　　A.woman;Thenumberof;is  B.women;Thenumberof;isC.woman;Anumberof;is          D.women;Anumberof;are11.Stopmakingsomuch_____.Thechildrenaresleeping.　　A.voice  B.noise    C.sound12.—What’sintheicebox?　　---Afew____,butlittle____.　　A.apple,milk     B.apple,milks    C.apples,milks     D.apples,milk　13.Mazy"sskirtisthesameasher_____.　　A.sisters B.brother C.brother’s D.sister’s14.Atnight,wecanseecolorfullightsonboth___ofthestreets.A.sides     B.side C.side’s　15.Therearemany_______atthefootofthehill.　　A.cow         B.horse       C.sheep冠词专项1、不定冠词a,an：泛指a用在辅音音素开头的词前eg.abookausefulbooka“u”an用于元音开头的词前.eg.anappleanhouran“F”1)第一次提到某物2)泛指人或事物的某一类别3)固定词组中2、定冠词the：特指1)特指某人/某物Thebookonthedeskismine.2)世上独一无二的事物前thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky3)形、副最高级及序数词前Thethirdboyisthetallestofall.(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the)HeismyfirstEnglishteacher.4)the+姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。theGreens格林一家/格林夫妇3、不用冠词的几种情况：零冠词 1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词2)学科名词前3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前1)Hewenttoschoolafterhehadaquickbreakfast.2)playtheviolin/piano注意：1.序数词前加a和the的区别：the+序数词表示“第几”a+序数词表示“又一，再，另外的”e.g.Thecakeisdelicious,andIwouldlikeasecondone.2)anumberof与thenumberof一些/……的数量【2011凉山】()1.Johncanplay_____guitar,buthecan’tplay______chess.A.the;/B./;theC.the;the()2.—Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture,Nick?—1wanttobe_____pilot.Itis_____excitingjob.a;aB.a;anC.the;anD,a;the()3,Thereis______bigsupermarketin______centerofourcity.a;theB.the;aC.the;the()4.—lilyiscomingby_____planetomorrow.—Letsgoto_airporttomeether.A.a;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the()5.－Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?－teacherlikeyou.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()6.There’s______appleonthetable._______appleisformylittlebrother.A.a;AnB.an;AnC.the;AnD.an;The()7.—Who’sthatlovelygirl?—Youmean___girlwithlonghair?That’sKate.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()8.--Doyouknow_maninblue?--Yes,he’saprofessorof______university.A.the,aB.a,anC.the,anD./,the()9.Asweknow,Englandis____EuropeancountryandSingaporeis_____Asiancountry.A.an;anB.an;aC.a;aD.a;an()10.Thisnovelcanmakeyoulaughandcryat_____sametime.A)aB)anC)theD)/()11.Thereis__reportintoday"snewspaper.It"sabout___sportsmeetingthatwillbeheldinWeihai.A.a;theB.an;theC.the;theD.a;a()12.Ilikemusic,butIdon’tlike______musicofthisfilm.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()13.—WhydoyoulikeJack?—Becauseheishonestboy.A.aB.anC.the()14.._areplanningtogoonvacation.A.Black"sB.ABlack"sC.TheBlack"sD.TheBlacks()15.Thereis______“s”intheword“seat.”A.anB.aC.the数词专项1.数词分为基数词和序数词。2.基数词变序数词：基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。八去t，九去e；ve则以f替。ty则变作ti;后面还有一个e。要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。eg.one—_______two—_______three—_______nine—_______twelve—_______twenty—_______twenty-one–-_______ninety-nine--______3.数词的应用：A.序数词与不定冠词(a;an)连用表“又一；再一”eg.You’vedoneitthreetimes.Whynottryafourthtime?E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）;分子超过1时，分母加seg.onethird三分之一twothirds三分之二B.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg.1)Onethirdofthestudentsaregirls.2)Onethirdofthemilkismine.分数的特殊形式:1)onethird=athird2)onefourth=aquarterthreefourths=threequarters3)onesecond=ahalfC、一些数词的复数+of表约数：hundredsof;thousandsof;millionsof1.AftertheAsianGames,______peoplecametoGuangzhouforavisitduringholidays.　　A.thousandB.thousandsofC.fivethousandsD.fivethousandsof2.—Watercoversmostpartsoftheearth.　　—Yes,about___oftheearth.iscoveredwithwater　　A.onefourth        B.half         C.threefourths3.“Iwantmyleg!Iwanttorun!Iwanttojump!a_____girlcriedinthehospitalinLibya(利比亚).　　A.5-year-old    B.5-years-olds     C.5yearold   D.5-year-old.4.Tomhasjustfinishedwritinga_________article.A.nine-hundred-words     B.nine-hundreds-wordC.nine-hundred-word     D.nine-hundreds-words5.Weareorganizingalotofactivitiestocelebratethe____birthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChinathesemonths.　　A.nineteen    B.ninety      C.nineteenth    D.ninetieth6.—HasMarybeenback?　　—Notyet.Shewillcomeback_____theeveningofJune_____.　　A.at,first　   B.to,thirtieth　C.on,thetwelfth   D.on,thenineteen7.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.　　A.Fifth;five B.Five;fifthC.Fifth;fifthD.Five;five8.MyuncleboughtmeaniPhoneformy_______birthday.　　A.twelve        B.twelfth       C.thetwelve       D.thetwelfth9.Thereareover______studentsintheirschool.　　A.hundreds B.ninehundreds C.hundredsof D.ninehundred10.—Howamazingthenoodleis! 　　—Yes,itis______,andbreakstheGuinnessWorldRecordasthelongesthandmadenoodle.A.1.704–meter–long    B.1.704–meters–long　C.1.704meterlong     D.1.704meterslong11.Forbreakfast,Iusuallyhave______andtwopiecesofbread.　　A.acupofmildhalfB.halfacupofmilkC.ahalfmilkcupD.halfamilkcup12.Septemberis_____monthoftheyear.　　A.ninth           B.nine          C.thenine      D.theninth