初中英语语法专项复习题代词 25页

初中语法……代词【考点直击】_1.人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；_2.名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法；.3反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；_4常见不定代词的一般用法；.5.指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；.6.相互代词的基木用法；.7.疑问代词的基本用法。一&关系代词的基本用法。【名师点睛】_代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。一、人称代词1•人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。人称单数复数"主格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称Youyouyouyou第三人称Hesheithimherittheythem2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。女山Hiketabletennis.（作主语）_Doyouknowhim?（作宾语）_3•人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：.■一Whosisknockingatthedoor?_…It"sme.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如:Heisolderthanme.HeisolderthanIam. Exercises:1.Tom,Pleasepasstheglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.A.youB.meC.himD.her2.WhotaughtEnglishlastterm?WasMr.Smith?A.you;itB.you;heC.your;itD.your;that3.Thisisclassroom.Whereis?A.our;themB.us;theyC.our;theirsD.ours;theirs4.Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me二.物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。・—形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称mymine单•A"JZf第二人称youryourshishis第三人称herhersitsits复数第一人称ourours第二人称youryours第三人称theirtheirs2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如:Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.Thisisherpencil-box.2.名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere.（作主语）■一IsthisEnglish-bookyours?（作表语）…No.Mineisinmybag.Fvealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?（作宾语）1.…Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.——Nevermind.Youcanhave• A.usB.oursC.youD.yours1.…Whereismypen?■一Oh,sorry.Ihavetakenbymistake.A.yoursB.hisC.mineD.hers二.指示代词指示代词包括：this,that,these,thoseo.1.this和these—般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those.则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：Thisisapenandthatisapencil.Wearebusythesedays.Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime・_2.有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲_到的事物，例如：Ihadacold.That"swhyIdidn*tcome.WhatIwanttosayisthis;pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.3.有吋为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：TelevisionsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai・4.this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。例如：.Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?_三.反身代词英语中用来表示”我自己”，”你自己”，”他自己”，”我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itsdf复数ourselvesYourselvesthemsdves 反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。一1.作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。Hecalledhimselfawriter.WouldyoupleaseexpressyourselfinEnglish?.2.作表语。Itdoesn"tmatter.Ellbemyselfsoon.Thegirlinthenewsismyself.3.作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或木人。Imyselfwashedtheclothes.（=1washedtheclothesmyself.）（作主语同位语）Youshouldasktheteacherhimself.（作宾语同位语）1•ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.TheythinkmoreofothersthanA.theyB.themC.themselvesD・theirs1.…Howareyougoingtoimprovethisterm?-一Workharderthanlastterm.A.ourselvesB.myselfC.himselfD.yourself2.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof•A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourselves二.不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句屮可作主语、表.语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：.1.some与any的区别_1)some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。.Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.•Somericeinthebagbeensoldout..2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。一 Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme._Thereisn"tanyorangeinthebottle._Haveyougotanytea?_3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示"一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。_Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?.Ican"tseeany..Ifyouhavenomoney,Flllendyousome..注意：与some,any结合的词女口something,somebody,someone,anything,anyone,anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some,any的用法相同。.1.few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别一1）用作形容词:用法表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词afew虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词alittle,虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么Fmgoingtobuyafewapples..HecanspeakonlyalittleChinese^Thereisonlyalittlemilkintheglass..Hehasfewfriends-.Theyhadlittlemoneywiththem..2）alittle和little也可以用作副词,alittle表示“有点,稍微”，little表示“很少”。Fmalittlehungry.（修饰形容词hungry）.Lethimsleepalittle.（修饰动词sleep）Mary,goalittlefaster,please.（修饰副词比较级）_ShesleptverylittlelastnightyExercises:1.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Therearenewwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few2.Paulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely. A.manyB.someC.fewD.more1.…Isthereabustothezoo?-一Fmafraidthere"sbustothezoo. A.noB.anyC・someD・none1.Youforgotyourdictionary?YoumayhaveA.meB.myC.mineD.myself3.other,theother,another,others,theothers的区别。用法.代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another■另一个others.别人，其他人another(boy).另一个(男孩)other(boys).其他男孩特定theother另个theothers.其余那些人、物theother(boy).另一个男孩theother(boys).其余那些男孩1)other可以作形容词用，后面跟复数名词，意思是“其他的、别一的”。.Wherearehisotherbooks?.Ihavenrtanyotherbooksexceptthisone..2)other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“theother",表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成"one…,theother...”句型。.Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold..Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.,3)other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“someothers…”句型。.Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming..Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please..4)"theothers"表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。.Wegothomeby4o"clock,buttheothersdidn^getbackuntil8o"clock..InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese..5)another可以作形容词用，修饰后而的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one..Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can"tyou?.Marydoesn"twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?. 1)another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”— 1.…Youwantsandwich?…Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenPmhungry.A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother2.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,yoif11havetopay$30.A.moreB.otherC.theotherD.another3.-一Thatwomanhasabaginherrighthand.What"sinherhand?A.anotherB.otherC.oneD.theother4.every与each的区别。eachevery1）可单独使用1）不可单独使用2）可做代名词、形容词2）仅作形容词3）着重“个别”3）着重“全体”，毫无例外4）用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4）用于三者或厂者以上每一个人或物Theteachergaveatoytoeachchild.Eachballhasadifferentcolour.当我们说eachchild,eachstudent或eachteacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说everychild和everystudent时,我们想到的是全体的情况,every的意思与all接近,表示他们都如此。一EverystudentlovestheEnglishteacher.=AllstudentslovetheEnglishteacher..Everychildlikesplaying.=Allchildrenlikeplaying..1.all和both的用法。.Dall指三者以上，或不可数的东四。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。AllofuslikeMrPope.我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）=WealllikeMrPope.（作同位语）Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.（作主语）That"sallfortoday.（作表语）Whynoteatall（of）thefish?（作宾语） Alltheleadersarehere.（作定语）2）both作代词。①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都LucyandLilybothagreewithus.Theybothpassedontheirsticksatthesametime.Howareyourparents?They"rebothfine.②与“of+代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。BothofthemcametoseeMary.Bothofthebooksareveryinteresting.③单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。Michaelhastwosons.Botharecleve匚Idon"tknowwhichbookisthebetter,Ishallreadboth.3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。Bothhisyoungersistersareourclassmates.•Therearetalltreesonbothsidesofthestreet.1.—Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?■一,thanks.I"dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None2.…CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning?…isOK.Fmfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None3.…Doyoulivebyyourself,Mr.Wang?■一Yes.Ihavetwosons.Butofthemliveswithme.TheyarenowstudyinginAmerica?A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.either4.-一HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafe?-一No.ofthemcanuseacomputer.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All5.ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each 二.相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有eachother和oneanother两种形式。在当代英语中，eachother和oneanother没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用吋，相互代词用所有格形式。Weshouldlearnfromeachother/oneanother.（作宾语）Doyouoftenwritetoeachother/oneanother?（作宾语）Weoftenborroweachother"s/oneanother"sbooks.（作定语）Thestudentscorrectedeachother"s/oneanother"smistakesintheirhomework・（作定语）三.疑问代词疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：Whoisgoingtocomeheretomorrow?（作主语）Whatisthat?（作表语）Whoseumbrellaisthis?（作定语）Whomareyouwaitingfor?（作宾语）四.关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有who,whose,whom,that,which・它们在句中可用作主语，表语，宾语，定语.在主句中，它们述代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：Ihatepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.Fmlookingatthephotographwhichyousentmewithyourletter.Withthemoneythathehadsaved,hewentonwithhisstudies.Doyouknowtheladywhoisinterviewingourheadmaster?Exercise：用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空1.isthepopulationoftheworldtoday?2.jumpedthelongestofallinthelongjump?3.一-colourisyourmother"sdress?——It"sblack. 1.…isyourcar?-一Theredoneinfrontofthetree.2.■一ofthefollowingcanyouoftenfindonamedicinebottle?■一Iknow,sicITsinstruction.3.Thenecklacesheiswearingisbeautiful.4.Doyouknowthepersonlosthisbike?5.Mostpeopleliveinlessdevelopedcountriesarequitepoor.6.TheboyishelpingtheoldmanisJohn"sbrother.7.Peopleusecreditcardstobuythingsonlineshouldbeverycareful一、用所给代词的适当形式填空1.Thisisnotmypencil-box.(I)isinthebag.2.Treesareplantedin(we)countryeveryyear,whichmakesourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful3.…IsthatbikeMissGao"s?■一Yes,itis(she).Beautiful,isn"tit?4.Help(you)tosomefruit,Jack.5.-一Whotaughtyourbrothertosurf?■一Nobody.Helearntallby(he).6.TheirEnglishteacherisfromAmerica,but(we)isfromEngland.7.Mary"sanswerisdifferentfrom(I).8.…Mywatchkeepsgoodtime.Whatabout(you)?…Mine?Oh,twominutesslow.9.Samismybrothe匚Doyouliketoplaywith(he)?10.Didyouenjoy(you),MaryandKate?二、用适当的代词填空1.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisaworker,isateacher.2.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;somelikeswimming;likeballgames.3.LeTsgoandhaveadrink.We"vegottimebeforethetrainleaves.4.Wewereallverytired,butofuswouldliketohavearest.5.ofthetwinsareinourclass. 1.Boys,don5ttouchthemachines,oryoumayhurt.2.ItissaidthereisgoingtobeimportantintheCCTVnews.8>Wecouldn"tbuyanythingbecauseoftheshopsopenedatthattime.9.Theydidn5tlearnnewinthislesson.10.-一Whyiseasyforsuchayounggirltolearnthreeforeignlanguagessowell?…BecauseBritain,GermanyandFranceareallverynearcountry.三、单选题1•■一Ican，tfindmyscarf■一Thereonehere.Itmightbe.A.hersB.hisC.mineD.yours2.Thestudentsinourclassoftenhelp・A.theotherB.anotherC・otherD.eachother3.■一Oh,hisnewcarlooksthesameas•…Really?A.meB.myC.ID.mine4.Theoldwomankeptoneblackdogandtwowhite・A.oneB.onesC.thoseD.these5.Theenvironmentinhistownisaspleasantasinthecostalcity.A.oneB.itC-themD.that6.…CanyoucomeandgiveusatalkonTuesdayorFriday?…Iamafraiddayispossible.Iamverybusythesedays.A.eitherB.neitherC.everyD.any7.…Shall1sitatthisendoftheboatortheotherend?■一Ifyoukeepstill,youcansitatend.A.eitherB.neitherC.everyD.any8.…DoyoulikeAlice?…Yes.Iknowverywell.A.sheB.herC.herselfD.hers9.Mr>Wangisveryfriendly,andlikehimverymuch.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours10.…WhichofthetwoT-shirtswillyoutake? 一-Fl!take,oneformybrother,theotherformyself. 2.WhenIretunedmyhometown,Iwasnearlylost.Almosthadchanged.A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything3.It"seasytofindagoodhotelinourcitybecausewehaveofthemhere.A.noneB.fewC.manyD.each4.Ifyoucan"tdecidewhichofthetwonovelstoborrow,whydorftyoutake?Iworftreadthemthismonth.A.bothB.allC.anyD.either5.—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeitdayyoulike;it"sallthesametome.A.oneB・anyC.anotherD.some6.ofmygrandparentsarepoor-educated.Theybothleftschoolwhentheywere13.A.BothB.AllC.EitherD.Neither16.1invitedJoeandLindatohavedinner,butofthemcame.A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.both17.…Bob!Isthisyourdictionary?…No,itisn5t.AskSally.Sheislookingfor•A.hisB.hersC.mineD.yours18.Dorftworryaboutyourbrokenpen.Youcanuse.A.myB・mineC.yoursD.myself19.Couldyourecordthefootballmatchforme?Icanwatchlate匚A.itB.oneC.thisD.that20.…Couldyoutellustodonext?一-Nothingmore・Let"shavearest.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how21.…Whatahotday!Haveyouhadadrink?■一Yes.ButTdliketohaveafterwork.A.itB.oneC.otherD.another22.isthebestseasonoftheyear? 17.…Whcfsthatinfrontofthecar? …isourteacher.A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He17.・—Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan"tfindarepairshop.■一Iknownearby.Comeon,Fllshowyou.A.oneB.itC.someD.that18.---Howdidyourunclelearntoplaytheguitar?…By.A.myselfB.yourselfC.herselfD.himself19.…Whatelsedoweneed?一-else,Ithink.We，vegoteverythingready.A.SomethingB.AnythingC.NothingD.Everything20.Theywerealltired,butofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither21.・—Whohelpedyourepairedyourbike?一-!Irepaireditallbymyself.A.AnybodyB.EverybodyC.SomebodyD.Nobody22.Thelittleboyasked,“WhatshouldIdo?”A.heB.himselfC.hisD.him23.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof.A.usB.ourC.ourselvesD.ours24.Acakemadeofwheatcostslessthanmadeofrice.A.oneB.thatC.aoneD.theone25.——Kathyandhersisteraresoalike.——Yeah.Ican"ttellonefrom•A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others26.…Isthismodelplaneyours,Susan?…Yes,ifsmine.It"smadeby.A.myselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.herself27.■一Whatdoyouwantmost?■一Aroomofown.A.IB.meC.myD.mine 17.TomandMikearegoodfriends.oftenhelpeachothe匚 易错练习1.―Carl,whynotgoandhelpyoursisterwatertheflowersthere?一-Why?Fmbusymyself.Jackislyingonthegrassdoingnothing・A.meB.IC.myD.mine2.…Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet?■一No,IT1finishitintenminutes-A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.less3.…WhotaughtEnglishtestlastterm?WasMr.Smith?…No,MissWhitedid.A.you;itB.you;heC.your;itD.your;that4.…Whatdoyouthinkofthefourclassics（名箸）ofChina?-一Ihearthattheyarewonderful,butI"vereadofthem.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none5.-一Mum,Maryboughtaparrotyesterday.Couldyoupleasebuyforme?■一Sure.Butyoumusttakegoodcareofit.A.oneB.thisC.itD.that6.Someofthestickersbelongtome,whiletherestare.A.himandherB.hisandherC.hisandhersD.himandhers7.…dictionariesare?…Theyare•A.Which;that;theirsB.Whose;these;oursC・Whose;these;theirD.These;those;theirs8.…Ishere?…No,BobandJimhaveaskedforaleave.A.anybodyB.everybodyC.somebodyD.nobody9.1havesixcoloredpencils;oneisblue,anotherisred,andaregreen.A.othersB.anotherC.otherD.theothers 10.Idon"tunderstandthestorythoughtherearenewwordsinit. 中考链接1.■一Wouldyouliketohaveapples?…No,thankyou.I"vehadenough.A.othertwoB.anothertwoC.moretwoD.twoothers2.一-It"stoofar.FmafraidIcan"twalktothesquare.■一Youcanridebike.Myaunt"sbikeishere,soIcanuse•A.my;hersB.mine;hersC.mine;herD.my;her3.CCTV10oftenplaysaroundtheworld.Itcanhelpuslearnmoreaboutnotonlynaturebutalsodifferentculturesandcustoms.A.newsomethingB.somethingnewD,anythingnew4.MyEnglishissopoor.Pleasehelptoimproveit.A.meB.IC.myD.mine5.Don，tyouthinknecessaryforfriendstotrusteachother?A.oneB.thatC.itD.those6.HeJiongisafamoushostatHunanTVstation;doeswellinmakingjokes.A.hisB.himC.he7.…Wouldyouliketohavecake?…No,thanks.I"mfull.A.moreB.anotherC.other8.-一Isyourfatherormotherateacher?-一•Myfatherisadoctorandmymotherisanofficeworker.A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None9.一-Isthisyoure-dictionary?…No,isinthebackpack.A.mineB.yoursC.my10.…Whoalsodidthiswonderfuljob,UncleWang?—Ifs・A.meB.IC.my11.一-Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk? 一-,thanks.Fdlikejustacupoftea. 1.Everyoneinthehallknewme,butIdidnotknow•A.himB.herC.themD.those2.Withhelp,wefinishedourworkontime.A.theyB.themC.their3.Lifeisdictionary.Weshoulddirectlylearnfromit.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours4.…Sam,whoteachesChinese?■一Mrs.White.ShehaslivedinChinafor3years.Chineseisverygood.A.you;HerB.your;HersC.you;HimD.your;She5.Thereareonlytwopaintingforsaleandhebought.A.allB.anyC.bothD.some6.…HowisHeleninthenewschool?■一SheisdoingverywellThereistoworryabout.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything18.1toldhernottoworry・Icanlookafter.A.herselfB.myselfC.yourselfD.ourselves19.-一DidLiuYingandLiuLicometoyourbirthdayparty,Tina?■一Ihadinvitedthem,butofthemshowedup.A.bothB.allC.noneD.neither20.WelivedinShanghaiProvince.She"sourbeautifulhome・Wealllove.A.himB・themC.her21.-一YesterdayIlostmypencilsharpener.Icouldn"tfind.■一Oh,it"sapity.You"dbetterbuythisafternoon.A.it;itB.it;oneC・one;itD.one;one22.…Wheredidyougoforyourwintervocation?…MyfamilywenttoParis.hadagreattime!A.HeB.SheC.WeD.They23.Asmilecostsnothing,butgivesso•A.littleB.fewC.manyD.much 19.Britishpeopleusuallyshakehandsthefirsttimemeet. 19.…Isthisyourkey,Jenny?…No.isinmyhandbag.A.HisB.HersC.MineD.Yours20.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon"tlearntodependonA.themB.usC.themselvesD.ourselves27.1havetwochildren,andofthemareworkinginthewestofChina.A.allB.bothC.eitherD.neither2&You"dbetterusecomputer.isbroken.A.his;MineB.his;MyC.he;MyD.him;Mine29.didGinasaywhenyoutoldheraboutthegame?A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Why30.isimpossibleifyouputyourheartintoit.A.AnythingB.SomethingC.EverythingD.Nothing