【语法课堂】高中英语语法汇总Ⅱ 3页

It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解“It”用法及•其句型和固定搭配，是高屮英语语法的重点、难点，因此应给予充分的重视，今天我们就为大家归纳一下it的用法归纳一下一it用作实词表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、犬气、气候、距离等口然现象。二it作形式主语it替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。1.it作形式主语代替从句的句型：(1)It+be+名词词组+that从句。仞J:It"sawonderthatyoucouldfinishthehardtaskinsuchashorttime.(2)It+be+adj.+that从句Itis/wassurprising(important,desirable,advisable---)that…。在这个句型中，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”或“shouldhave+过去分词”。彳列：It"simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness-IFsstrangethatheshouldhavegoneawaywithouttellingus.(3)It+v.+sb.+that从句It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/frighten/please/angersb.that...彳列:Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.(4)Itis/wasdesired(suggested,settled,proposed,requested,decided-••)在这个句型屮，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”。例:Itwasrequestedthattheplayshouldbeputonagain.(5)It+be/seem+adj.(good,true,wonderful,wrong,clear,possible,certain…)+that从句例:Itislikelythattheywillbeatustonight.2.it作形式主语代替不定式的句型：(1)It+be+adj.(forsb.)todosth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词：easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous...例:Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.(2)It+be+adj.+ofsb.todosth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词：kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy-彳列：It，skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem・3.it作形式主语代替动名词的句型：It"snogood/usedoing…IVs(well)worthdoing...It9s(well)worthwhiledoing...例：It"snousecryingoverspiltmilk.三it作形式主语的句型I.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人用多长时间做某事It tookthemenaweektomendourroof.2.It"s(about/high)timethat…是该做某事的时候了It^sCabout/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.3.It"sthex-thtime(that)…第儿次做某事了It"sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.四it作形式宾语的常见句型1.verb+it+adj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)例：Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown.IthinkithardthatyouTldothetaskonyourown.2.verb+it+adj./noun(one"s)doing(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone5swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)例：I"11makeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.3.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat•…(should)...(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep...)仞J：Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference・4.verb+it+as+noun/adj.+clause(verb二accept，regard,take,see,view)例：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.五强调句型强调句型用來强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。其基本结构是：Itis/was+被强调部分+that(强调部分是人时也可以who)+其他成分。在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：1.强调句型的特殊疑问句：被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分？仞J:Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity?2.在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because引导的从句。例:Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn""tcometoschoolyesterday・3.在强调not---until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。其结构是：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分。彳列:ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmysister.4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别例：Itwasat7o"clockthathecamehereyesterday.(强调句型)Itwas7o，clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.(定语从句)六It常用的固定搭配1.makeit(1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示“成功，做到，赶上，及时到达”。仞J:Nomatterhowharditis,Iwillmakeitoneday.(2)在口语中相当于fixthedatefor,表示“约定好时间”。例：一Shallwemeetnextweek?一OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.2.asitis(1)相当于infact,inreality表示"事实上，实际上”。例:Wehadplannedtofinishthetasktoday,butasitisweprobablywon"tfinishit untilnextweek.(1)相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”。例:Leavethetableasitis.2.That"sit.(1)相当于That,sall.That,ssomuch.表示“至此为止,没有别的了”。例：Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat"sit.(2)相当于That"sright.表示"对啦例:一Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice"A”•——That"sit.3.haveit(1)相当于say,insist表示，“说，主张，表明”。彳列:Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.(2)相当于gettoknowsomething,表示“了解，知道，获悉”。彳列：IhaditfromJohnthatJanewasgoingabroad.4.Keepatit!相当于goon,表示“继续做，不放弃”。彳列:Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit.5.asitturnedout表示"最后被证明是”彳列：Asitturnedout,hisstatementwasfalse.6.Takeiteasy.相当于Don"tworry.用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心”。例：Takeiteasy!Hewilldoitwell.7.believeitornot表示"信不信由你”。例：Believeitornot,TomisgettingmarriedtoMarynextSunday.8.Takeitorleaveit.要么接受要么放弃。例：Thatismylastoffer.Youcantakeitorleaveit.9.Italldepends.在口语中，相当于Ithasn"tbeendecidedyet.^示"那得看情况，还没有定卜來”。例：一Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday?—Italldepends.10.It9suptosb.在口语审，相当于It"sdecidedbysb.表示“由决定，出负责，取决于……”。例：一Shallwegooutfordinner?——It^suptoyou.