高中英语语法：定语从句 6页

1•先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词2.关系词冇关系代词和关系副词。关系代词冇that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词冇when,where,why等。3.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliccman.关系代词引导的定语从句1.指人who,thatoThat指人时，相当丁who或whomwhom抬人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Theboyswho/thatareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来彳弋替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.指物Which,thato,在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.春天以后的季节是夏季。4.Whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?关系副词引导的定语从句1.when指时间，在定语从句屮作时间状语。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasbom.3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：Greatchangesarctakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive・(三)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由""介词+关系代词"引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous・Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。ThemanagerwhosecompanyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions・ThemanagerinwhosecompanyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions・注意：1.含有介词的短语动词…般不拆开，介词仍放在短诰动词的后而。lookfor,lookafter,takecareof如Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom；关系代词指物时只可用whicho关系代词是所冇格时用whoseoThemanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable・ "介词+关系代词‘9前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号"，”与主句隔开。关系词的使用上：which;不可用who代替whom非限制性定语从句举例：Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing（something除外）,all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如：HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who,Ailthegueststhat/whowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.2.当先行词被序数词,形容词最高级修饰修饰时。如：ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.3.当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时。Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.注意:当先彳亍词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词whoo女II：WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.3.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如:Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?4.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：1.as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：Heishonest,as/whichwecansee.他很诚实，这一点我们看得Hl來。2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句的任何地方，which只可放在主句之后。另外，as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcoilntry.Heisfromthesouth,aswecanknowfromhisaccent.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.1.当先行词受such,thesame修饰时，关系词常用as。如：Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常illinwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。（四）关系代词与关系副词的选择（主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用）：A.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwespentourholidaystogether. Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.A.Thisisthereasonwhyhewasdismissed.Thisisthereasonthat/whichheexplainedtomeforhisnotattendingthemeeting.（五）but有时也用作关系词引导定语从句。如：Thereareveryfewbutadmirehistalents.很少冇人不赞赏他的才干的。（but=whodon"t） 1・Thisisthebestfactorywevisitedlastyear・A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that2.1sthisthefactorycomputersarebuilt?A.lhalB.whichC.inwhichD.inthat3.pleasepassmethedictionarycoverisred・A・whoseB.itsC.whichD.whichof4.Themanhasarrived.A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyouC・whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout5.Doyouknowthecomradewearetalking?A.towhomB・towhoC・whomD.tothat6.Theyvisitedthehousethegreatwriterwasbom.A.fromwhereB・inwhichC.whichD.inwhere7.Thecomradeisspeakingat(hemeetingismyteacher・A.whomB・whichC.whoD.whoseC.whatD.where8.Heaskedustowatchcarefullyeverythinghedidinclass・A.whoB.that9.FHvisittheprofessortomorrow,hewillbebackfromShanghai・A.whoB.thatC・whenD.whichlO.Theschool1studyisanewone・A.onwhichB.atwhereC.onthatD.atwhich11・Chinahasnlanyislands,thelargestisTaiwan・A.inwhichB.atwhichC.whichD.ofwhich12.Thecitymymothergrewupisnotfarfromhere・A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which13・Ourteacherlivesinthehousedoorfacestothenorth.A.whichB.hisC.thatD.whoseD.aboutwhom14.Doyouknowthemanourfathernodded?A.whomB.towhomC・towho15.Wrestlingisasportinpeopleeasilygethurt・A.thatB・whenC・whichD.what16.1(oldyouIknow.A.allthatB.allwhichC.allwhatD.allwhom17.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneisLuXun・A.ofwhichB・ofwhomC.ofwhoD.ofthem18.Isthisfactorywevisitedlastyear?A.inwhichB.aroundthatC・whomD.theone19.Whoisthemanwasthere?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom20.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou,sir?A.thatB.whichC・whoseD.who21.Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatgreendress・A.whichB.inwhichC.onthatD.onwhich22.Theknifeweusedtocutthebreadisverysharp・A.withwhichB.withitC・withthatD.which23.Thegamestheyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.A・inwhichB.whichC.itD.who24.ltrainedhardyesterday,preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it25.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacherlovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC・heD.which历届高考英语单项选择题定语从句精选26.Hisparentswouldn"tlethimmarryanyonefamilywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whornC.ofwhoseD.whose27.Sheheardaterriblenoise,broughtherheartintohermouth・A.itB.whichC.thisD.that 28.1nthedarkstreet,therewasn9tasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp. A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom29.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it30.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedlothesmalltownhegrewupasachild・A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when31・CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which32・Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A・whoB・whichC・thisD・what33.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,wasveryreasonable・A.whichpriceC.thcpriceofwhichA.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose34.hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules・A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.Which35.HelivedinLondonfor3months,duringtimehelearnedsomeEnglish・A.thisB.whichC.thatD.samc36.0nthewallhungapicture,colorisblue.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.its37.WheneverImethim,wasfairlyoflen,Ilikehissweetandhopefulsmile・A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when38・Thcvisitoraskedtheguidetotakehispicturestandsthefamoustower.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.there39・ThebossdepartmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookdownuponwomen・A.inwhichB.inthatC.inwhoseD.whose40.1don"tlikeyouspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thcwayinthatC.thcwaywhichD.thewayofwhich41.1hadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella・Igotwetthrough・A.IFsthereasonB.Thai"swhyC.There"swhyD.Il"show42.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience・A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis定语从句答案：1-5DCADA6-10BCBCD11-15DBDBC16-20ABDCA2i-25DABBAKEYS:26-30DBDBB31-35DBCAB36-40ABBCA41-42BA