初中英语语法专项习题2冠词 9页

9初中英语语法专项复习上海求实教育内部资料冠词（art.）用在名词前,帮助说明其意义冠词分为不定冠词a／an和定冠词the,放在名词前、a／an用在单数可数名词前,a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前）。1.不定冠词（1）不定冠词的用法①泛指—类人或物。eg.Thisisapencilcase.She’Sadoctor.②指不具体的某个人或物。eg.ImetanoldmanOnmywayhome.③用在序数词前,相当于another.eg.There’sathirdboyneartheshop.④表示“每—（个）”,相当于every.eg.Theyhavemusiclessonstwiceaweek.⑤固定搭配。alotOf,alot,alittle,afew,aglassOf,sucha／an,haveawordwith,havealook,haveatry,haveaswim,aquarter,halfanhour,threetimesaday,haveatalk,giveatalk,tenYuanakilo（2）不定冠词的位置①不定冠词—般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。eg,abike,anegg②当名词被such,what,many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。eg.Ittookmehalfanhourtofinishmyhomework.Heleftinsuchahurrythatheforgottoclosethedoor.Whatadangerousjobitis！Manyamanhasgonetothebigcitiesforwork.③当名词前的形容词前有so,how,too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。Eg.Shewassoniceagirlthatshetookthe　blindmantothestation.Howniceafilmthisis！④当名词前面有形容词和quite,rather,very时，不定冠词放在quite,rather之后,very之前。eg.Itisquiteagoodbook.Thatisratherausefultoo1.Thisisaveryinterestingstory2.定冠词的用法表示上文中所提到过的人或物。eg：lhavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.Theboy’snameisMark.Thegirl’snameisPenny.（2）特指某（些）人或物。eg：ThegirlinareddresscomesfromAmerica.（3）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。eg：Myshoesareunderthebed.（4）用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。egTomisthetallerofthetwoboys.（5）用在序数词前。egMondayistheseconddayofaweek.（6）yo用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等）。cgThemoonmovesroundtheearth.（7）用在某些形容词前，表示—类人或物。Therich（富人）,thepoor（穷人）,thedeaf（聋人）,theblind（盲人）,thedead（死者）,thewounded（伤员）（8）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某—家人”或“某某夫妇”。eg.TheGreensarehavingdinnerathome.（9）用在乐器前。eg.playthepiano／guitar／violin／drums.（10）用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。 9eg.Inthe1970s,ahighwaywasbuilttolinkupthecitywithmyhometown.Ithinkheisinthethirties.（11）用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。theUnitedNations,theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,thePalaceMuseum,intheend,intheday,inthemiddleOf,allthetime,intheeast,bytheway,OnthewaytO,the（more）……the（more）…“越…越…”3.在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。inhospital（在住院）；inthehospital（在医院）inprison（在坐牢）；intheprison（在监狱里）attable（吃饭,用餐）；atthetable（在桌旁）infrontof（在某个范围之外的前面）；inthefrontof（在某个范围之外的前面）gotocollege（上大学）；gotothecollege（去那所大学）takeplace（发生）；taketheplace（代替）定冠词用法小结口诀a.口诀1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);theRedSea,thePacificOcean,thePersianGulf,theYangtzeRiverTheGreatLakes(五大湖）；LakeErie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the:Mars,Venus;3.有山无峰：TheHuangshanMountains(黄山）；MountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰）；Mount(orMt.)Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，theearth,themoon,thesun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe,Africa,Asia,NorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Antarctica,Oceania5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:theIndians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball,basketball6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用theTheConstitution(宪法）;chapterone7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;TheUniversityofFudan;FudanUniversity零冠词精讲1.专有名词前一般不加冠词China中国Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚2.月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较：...onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨...（表示某一个。）3.三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。比较：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）ThedinnergivenbyMrSmithwasverynice.史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。（表示特指） 9比较：IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）4.进行球类运动playbasketball打篮球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球5.没有特指的物质名词Thiscartismadeofwood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。比较：Thewoodoutsidewasallwet.外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指）6.没有特指的不可数抽象名词Timeisprecious.时间是宝贵的。比较：Thetimeoftheplaywas1990s.这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。（表示特指）7.没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。8.山峰MountQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰9.固定词组gotoschool去上学gotobed上床睡觉gobytrain乘火车去gobyboat乘船去attable在用餐inhospital住院atschool求学inschool求学atnoon在中午atnight在晚上atmidnight在半夜intown在城里10.独立结构中的名词不加冠词Aboycamein,bookinhand.一个男孩进来，手上拿着书。11.泛指人类Manismortal.人必有一死。12.在"kindof＋名词sortof＋名词"句式中Whatkindofflowerisit?这是什么花？Ilikethissortofbook.我喜欢这种书。13.指职位、头衔的词，如king，captain，president，chairman等。Heis(the)captainoftheteam.他是球队的队长。As(the)chairmanofthecommittee,Ideclarethemeetingopen.作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。3.不用冠词的情况（1）名词前有指示代词this,that,these,those时不用冠词。eg.Thatgirlismyfriend.（2）名词前有物主代词my,your,hisher,their等时不用冠词。eg.Lucyishersister.（3）名词前有whose,which,SO[1ie,any,each,every等代词时不用冠词。eg.WhichmanisMrGreen？Eachstudenthasabeautifulpicture.（4）复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。eg.Thoseyoungmenareteachers,notstudents.（5）物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。eg.Snowiswhite.（6）抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。eg.Doesshelikemusic？（7）在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。eg.playbasketball／soccer／chess（8）在三餐前不用冠词。eg.havebreakfast／lunch／supper／dinner（9）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。eg.Tina,China,TiananmenSquare,Beijing,University,NewYear’sDay,Tuesday,January 9（10）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。eg.MyfavoriteisEnglish.|1练习题()1HanMeimeiis___Chinesegirl.Lucyis____Englishgirl.A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a()2Alittleboywrote____"U"and___"n"onthewall.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a()3_____oldladyinbrownis____universityprofessor.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a()4Therearesixtyminutesin____hour.A.anB.theC.aD./()5Thisis____interestingbookanditisalso____usefulone.A.an;anB.an;theC.ah;aD.a;a()6Acomputerisusefultoolin"oworldtoday.A.an;theB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a2()1Wehaveneverseen____interestingfilm.A.suchB.suchanC.soD.sucha()2MrsSmithis____friendof__A.the;mineB.a;meC.the;myD.a;mine()3Heis___boy.A.aseven-years-oldB.aneight-year-oldC.theseven-year-oldD.aneight-year-older()4Fsaw____accidentinthestreetyesterday.A.theB.aC.anD./()5Nowheis___artist.1haveknownhimsincehewas___one-year-oldboy.A.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a3()1.Whichbigger___elephantor___horse?A.a;theB.an;aC.the;anD.an;the()2____monkeycanclimb____trees.A./;theB.A;/C.The;aD./;/()3____rainsarefasterthan____buses.A./;/B.The;/C./;theD.The;a()4-HaveyoulearnedGerman?-Yes.It"s___languageI"veeverlearned.A.aquitedifficultB:quiteadifficultC.difficultquiteD.difficultaquite()5Someanimals,like____cat,____dogor____wolf,donotneedtohibernate(冬眠).A./;/;theB.the;the;theC.a;/;the,D.the;/;/4()1Yesterdayweheld____talkwiththeminthehall.A.theB.thisC.aD.an()2Mymotherhad___fever,soIhadtolookafterher.AaB.theC,/D.this()3Lookingat,hetook___deepbreath.A./B.aC.thatD.its()4Iusuallygooutfor___walkafter____tea;A:a;/B./;theC.a;aD.the;a()5Afterthattheyhad____sleep.A.anightgoodB.anight"sgoodC.agoodnightD.agoodnight"s5()1Itis____sincewe____lasttime. 9A.longtime;metB.alongtime;meetC.alongtime;metD.thelongtime;meet()2Therecame____greatnoise.Itfrightenedus.A.theB.aC./D.that()3Itis____pleasuretoworkwiththeseworkers.A.anB./C.aD.this()4After____quickbreakfastIhurriedto____school.A./;/-rB.a;/C.the;the-D.the;/6()1Thisis____egg.____eggisbig.A.a;AB.an;AnC.a;TheD.an;The()2Thereis___"Win___word"map".A.a;anB.an;aC.an;theD.a;the()3Hereisbasket.___basketismine.A.a;TheB.the;An.C.a;AD.the;A()4Thereis____bridgeoverthere.____bridgeismadeofwood.A.the;TheB.a;AC.the;AD.a;The()5Heordered____booksometimeagoandnow____bookhasarrived.A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the7()1Shesaw____EnglishfilmlastSunday.Butshecannotremembernameof___film.A.an;a;aB.a;the;aC.an;the;aD.an;the;the()2Thereis___oldmanunder___tree.A.an;theB.the;aC.a;theD.an;/()3-Whatwas___yesterday?-November24.A.dateB.thedateC.dayD.theday()4Weshallvisityourcountryin____comingyear.A.aB.theC.oneD.that()5Motherdoesmostof___athome.A.cleaningB.acleanC.thecleaningD.clean8()1-Whoseroomisthat?-It"s___.A.thetwins"B.ofLucyandLilyC.ofthetwinsD.thetwins()2I"mbusy____.A.atthemomentB.atthatmomentC.inamomentD.justamoment()3____bookisveryuseful.Iboughtitfrom____unknownlittletown.A.A;aB.The;aC.A;anD.The;an()4Englishis____interestingsubjectformostofstudents.A.the;anB.the;theC.an;/D.an;the()5___girlin___GradeThreeis___tallestinourschool.A.The;the;theB.A;a;aC.The;/;theD.A;/;a9()1MrWhiteliveson___floor.A.thefifteenB.fifteenC.thefifteenthD.fifteenth()2AboynamedDingWeikickedagoalearly____ofthematch.A.intheonehalfB.inthefirsthalfC.forthefirsthalfD.forhalfone()3Hehastriedtwice,andthecaptainaskshimtohave____thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anotherD.other()4Chinaisoneof___oldestcountriesin___world.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;aD.an;the()5Maryis____onlygirlwhohasbeentoAmerican.A.aB.thefc.anD./ 910()IWecansee___sunand___moonin___picture.A.a;the;theB.the;a;theC.a;the;aD.the;the;the()2omoonmovesaround____earth,andtheybotharesmallerthansun.A.The;an;aB.A;the;theC./;/;/D.The;the;the()3Parisis___capitalofFrance.A.aB./C.oneD.the11()1____Brownsarrivedthereyesterdayevening.A./B.AC.TheD.An()2Whynotaskyourfathertodraw____mapforyouifyouwanttogetto___Alice"shouseeasily?A.a;anB./;anC.the;aD.a;/()3____Brownsaresittingat____breakfasttable.A./;aB.The;/C.The;theD./}the()4___Turnerscouldnotpayfor___colourTVset.A.The;aB./;theC./;aD.The;/()5Theywentto.Smiths"andstayedthereforhalf____hour.A./;anB.the;aC.a;theD.the;an12()1Cottonisgrownin____China.A.northB.thenorthofC.thenorthD.anorth()2It"s____pleasuretosee____sunrisingin____east.A./;the;/B.a;/;/C.a;the;theD./;the;the()3Mostofusarefrom____.A.thesouthB.southC.thesouthernD.southern()4___UnitedStatesliesinNorthAmerica.A.AnB.AC.TheD./13()IHelikesplaying___piano,hedoesn"tlikeplaying____football.A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/()2Tomenjoysplaying____footballwhileIenjoyplaying____pianoverymuch.A.the;theB.a;aC./;theD.the;/()3Yesterdayhismotherbought____pianoand___basketballinthatbigshop.A.the;aB.a;aC./;/D.some;two14()1____night,astrangerknockedatthedoor.A.OneB.TheC.AnD.A()2Weoftenplayfootballin___oftheschoolbuilding.A.afrontB.frontsC.frontD.thefront()3There"sgoingtobe___Englishtestnextweek.A.an;a.B.an;/C.the;aD.an;the()4Thereisamapon____leftofthepicture.A.theB./C.aD.an()5Hetakesabathin____evening.A.theB./C.aD.an15()1Weshouldlookafter___old.A.theseB.thoseC.theD.an()2Theyoungnurseiskindto____illinthehospital.A.aB.an0./D.the()3____poorinthosedayshadahardtime.A.AB.ThisC.TheD.Those 9()4Notall___beautifulisgood.A.theB.aC./D.this16()1Theysailedalong____YellowRiverfortwoweeksbeforetheyarrived___home.A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the()2Thestudentsofourschoolclimbed____WestMountains.A.theB.thisC.thatD./3Theshipissailingon____PacificOceanA.aB.theC./D.that17()1-Excuseme,mayIhave____water,please?-Sorry,thereisn"t____waterin____bottle.A.any;any;theB.some;some;aC.some;any;theD.some;any;a()2Itisknowntoallthat___lighttravelsfasterthan___sound.A./;/B.a;aC.the;theD.the;/()3____water(Water)isnecessaryin____people"severydaylife.A./;/B.The;/C.The;theD./;the()4Icameherein____autumnof1982.A.oneB.aC.anD.the18()1___isthemostdifficultinthisbook.A.LessonsecondB.ThesecondlessonC.SecondlessonD.Secondlessons()2Tuesdayis___thirddayoftheweek.A.theB./C.aD.an()3Heisastudentof____.A.classFirstB.theclassoneC.ClassOneD.FirstClass()4Weweresolategettingtothetheatrethatwemissedmostof____.A.theactfirstB.ActOneC.actfirstD.firstact()5FlightNineteenfromNewYorktoWashingtonisnowarrivingat.A.GateTwoB.thegatetwoC.thetwogateD.secondgate()6Helivedin____.A.theroom105B.the105roomC.the105oftheroomD.Room10519()1Reading____bookscanaddtoknowledge.A.aB.thisC./D.that()2Allof____bookshereareChinese.A.theB./C.thoseD.that()3Helikesports,suchasfootball,basketballandsoon.A./B.aC.theD.an20()1-WheredoesMikesit?-Hesits____.A.onanytherightB.atthefrontofmeC.onmyleftD.atthebackofme()2Mehas___fewEnglishbooks.Helentme,___fewofthemlastweek.A.the;.aB.the;aC.a;theD.this;that()3____MrSmithisateacher.A.TheB.AC.ThisD./()4Mondayismy____day.A.thebusiestB.busyC.busierD.busiest21()1Before___supper,Ialwaysplay___football.A.a;theB.the;/C./;/D./;the()2Let"sgoandtakeawalkafter___lunch.A.aB.theC./D.this()3Wehadapartyafter___mealthatday. 9A.aB.theC.oneD.()4Whenwecalled,thefamilywereat____dinner.A./B.theC.aD.an22()1Marybecame___monitorofourclass.A.aB.anC./D.the()2Myfatheris____chairmanoftheclub.A.theB./C.anD.this()3Hewasmade___teamleader.A.ourB.thatC.aD.the()4MrWangiscomingtoourschooltomorrow.A./B.TheC.AnD.This()5____mother(Mother)islovedbyus.A.TheB./C.OneD.That23()1___learning(Learning)Englishisveryinterestingtome.A./B.TheC.AD.An()2Weallknowthat____walkingonthemoonisverydifficult.A.oneB.the.C./D.a()3___running(Running)everymorningisgoodforus.A.AB./C.ThisD.That24()1Shallwegotoseeourteacher?Sheisill.A.inahospitalB.inthehospitalC.inhospitalD.inhospitals()2Haveyouevertraveledon____train?A.theB.a"C.anD./()3HeisgoingtoLondonby___sea.A.theB.aC.oneD./()4MarcoPoloandhisfathertraveledby___.A.ashipB.shipsC.shipD.theship25()1Thereisabookshop____.A.onmywayschoolB.onmywaytoschoolC.onmywaytotheschoolD.inmywaytoschool()2Igoto___schoolonfootbecausemyhomeisnear___school.A.a;aB.the;theC./;/D./;the()3Maryhas___highfeverandshehastobein___hospital.A.a;/B.a;aC./;/D.the;the()4Don"t___.It"sbad___youreyes.A.readinbed;toB.readinginbed;forC.readinthebed;forD.readinbed;for()5Hestolethemoneyandtheyputhim____.A.inprisonB.toprisonC.attheprisonD.intheprison26()1.Peopleoftengotoswimin___summer.A./B.aC.anD.the()2Theteacherisstanding____theclassandgivinghislessons.A.inthefrontofB.atthefrontofC.infrontofD.atthefront()3Maryisfondofwatching____TVwhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto___radio.A.the;/B./;the,C.the;theD./;/()4Thechildrenallhadagoodtimeon____Children"sDay.A.the,B.theirC.aD./ 9()5Shewentto____townon____foot.A.the;aB./;/C./;theD.the;the()6___home,Imetafriendofmine.A.OnmywayB.OnmywaytotheC.Onone"swayD.Onmywayto27()1Hisbrotherworkedout____untilitwastwelve.A.problemafterproblemB.problembyproblemsC.aproblemafteraproblemD.aproblembyaproblem()2Thefarmerswentonworking,____.A.hoursafterhoursB.ahourafterahourC.anhourafteranhourD.hourafterhour()3Thestudentswentoutoftheroom___.A.onebytwoB.onebyoneC.twobyanotherD.onebytheother