高中英语语法讲解--名词性从句 5页

高中英语语法讲解--名词性从句知识总结与归纳：（一）名词性从句的结构：名词性从句起名词作用在句中做主语，表语，宾语和同位语构成：主语从句；表语从句；宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有三类：that；whether;wh-疑问词。例句：1.TheresultofthisFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable,animalandage.2.Theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.3.Iwanttotellthereaderthatthesehillsandfieldsaremostbeautiful,withmanysmallandclearrivers,andrichfieldsbearingfruitandgrain.4.SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland.5.Whatinterestedhimwasthatthewholeworldhadbeenmapped70yearsbeforeColumbus.6.WhatiscertainthatthebookhasmademanypeoplethinkabouttheachievementsofZhengHeandotherChinesecaptainsandtheirroleindiscoveringtheworld.7.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.8.ThisgavehimtheideathattheChineseperhapsfirstdiscoveredAmerica.（二）同位语从句在名词idea;fact;news;thought;suggestion/advice;problem;proof等词后面带上that+陈述句这部分从句解释了前面的那些名词所指的内容，与那些名词起着同等作用的句子成分，叫同位语从句。1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.2.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFish&Chips,Speakers’Corner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast. 3.TheresultthatOxfordbeatCambridgebyafootin2003surprisedmany.4.Thenewsthathediedwasagreatshocktohismother.5.Ifthere’spossibilitythatyou’llgo,I’dliketogowithyou.6.Iaskedmyselfaquestionwhethertheresearchisworththetrouble.7.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.（三）同位语从句与定语从句的辨析：that引导的同位语从句解释前面名词的内容，that是连词没有任何意义，在从句中不做任何成分。而定语从句修饰前面的先行词，从句有关系词that;which;who;when;where;why引导，先行词在从句中充当主语，宾语，状语。1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeveryonehappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.（四）what;whatever;whoever;where引导的名词性从句：what+陈述句：……的话/事/的样子；whatever+陈述句：……的任何东西；whoever+陈述句：做…事的任何人；（以上名词性从句做主语，表语或宾语）；where+陈述句：……的所在，做表语。1.Whatlifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficulttopredict.2.Theschoolsofthefuturewillprobablybequitedifferentfromwhattheyaretoday.3.Ifwelearntoacceptchangeandappreciatewhatisnewanddifferent,wewillbewell-preparedforwhateverthefuturemayhaveinstore.4.Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.5.Thatisjustwheretheyaremistaken.（五）与“命令，建议，要求,有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构：1）主动结构：shoulddo;2）被动结构：shouldbedone;（should可以省略）1.Isuggestthatheshouldcomeanotherday.2.Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering. 3.IthoughitnecessarythatIshouldstayintheroomtillhecameback.（六）it作为形式主语的句型：Itis+形容词/名词/名词短语+that从句。Itissaid/reported/predictedthat从句。Itissuggested/believed/thought/hoped/found/that从句。1.It’sapitythatyouareleaving.2.It’sdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.3.ItwasoncepredictedthatBritishandAmericanEnglishwouldbecomeseparatelanguagesfinally.【典型例题】1.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat答案：A分析：hewoulddieofthedisease作fear的同位语。2.Theidea___weshouldhavemoreindustryinthisareaisagoodone.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how答案：A分析：该题考查的是idea后面的同位语从句的引导词的选择。3.Thesuggestion____wehaveagroupoftheserecordsprintedassoonaspossiblewasacceptedbythecommittee.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.whether答案：C分析：该题考查的是suggestion的同位语从句的引导词的选择。4.Hetoldmethenews____theQueenwouldvisitChinathenextmonth.A.thatB.whichC.itD.whether答案：A分析：theQueenwouldvisitChinathenextmonth是一个完整的句子，是the news的解释，故用that引导同位语从句。5.Thefacttroublesmemuch___Ihavebeenunabletopassthedrivingtestuptonow.A.whichB.becauseC.whyD.that答案：D分析：that引导同位语从句，解释thefact。6.Themotherdidn’tknowtoblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.（NMF,T2002）A.whoB.whenC.howD.what答案：A分析：know后为宾语从句的省略形式，由题意可知，指人。7.—Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem. —Yes,itcouldbe.—Iwonderwecandoaboutit.（NMET2002）A.ifB.howC.whatD.that答案：C分析：wecando后无宾语，故用what引导宾语从句。8.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlyhewants.（上海2002春）A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that答案：A分析：give后接双宾语；what引导宾语从句且作wants的宾语。9.JacksaidtomeettheAmericanfriends.A.heispleasedB.whathewaspleasedC.thathewaspleasedD.whichhepleased答案：C分析：宾语从句中应用过去时，同said时态保持一致。Hewaspleased意义和结构完整。10.shecouldn’tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons. A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that答案：A分析：主语从句中缺少宾语，用what；表语从句的句意问原因，用why。