- 135.50 KB
- 2022-06-17 16:09:45 发布
- 1、本文档共5页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,可选择认领,认领后既往收益都归您。
- 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形,可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。
- 文档侵权举报电话:19940600175。
...高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解及其练习题 二、非谓语动词用法: (一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes. Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart. 常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+todo。2、Ittakessb.+sometime+todo。3、It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo。4It+be+形容词+forsb.+todo。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。(2)作表语: Herjobistocleanthehall.(3)作宾语:口诀决心学会想希望,decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish拒绝设法愿假装;refuse,manage,care,pretend主动答应选计划,offer/order,promise,choose,plan,同意请求帮一帮。agree,ask/beg,help如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如: Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere. HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如: HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish. (4)作宾语补足语: 在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,invite. 此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如: Withalotofworktodo,hedidn"tgotothecinema.有些动词如在使役动词make,have,let和感官动词see,watch,notice,observe,feel,hear,listento,lookat等词后接不定式作宾补,不定式不带to,表示做某事的全过程。当他们转换成被动语态时,作为主语补足语的不定式必须带to (五看三使两听一感觉)但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to,如: Isawhimcrosstheroad.参考学习
... Hewasseentocrosstheroad. (5)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系: ①动宾关系: Ihaveameetingtoattend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如: Hefoundagoodhousetolivein. Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout. Whatdidyouopenitwith? 如果不定式修饰time,place,way,可以省略介词: Hehasnoplacetolive. Thisisthebestwaytoworkoutthisproblem. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式: Haveyougotanythingtosend? Haveyougotanythingtobesent? ②说明所修饰名词的内容: Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:当名词被first,last,second以及only等词修饰时,其后可用不定式作定语。且充当定语的不定式不含有将来意义或情态意义,却经常含有过去时意义。Shewasthefirsttocome. (6)作状语: ①表目的: Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney. Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:Tosavemoney,everymeanshasbeentried. right:Tosavemoney,hehastriedeverymeans. wrong:TolearnEnglishwell,adictionaryisneeded. right:TolearnEnglishwell,heneedsadictionary. ②表结果: Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调: Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout. ③表原因: Theywereverysadtohearthenews. ④表程度: It"stoodarkforustoseeanything. Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer. (7)作独立成分: Totellyouthetruth,Idon"tlikethewayhetalked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。参考学习
... Ifyoudon"twanttodoit,youdon"tneedto. 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题1.“to”是不定式符号还是介词,下列短语中的to都是介词。agreetoobjecttocloseto,cometo,leadto,referto,equalto,similarto,pointto,thankto,devoteto,nextto,belongto,beusedto,lookforwardtoapply---to2.带to还是不带toIhavenochoicebuttogiveinIcannotdoanythingbutgivein3.动词不定式逻辑主语是由for作为标记的。但是有时用of.区别:当使用for时,句中形容词修饰的是不定式;而用of时,句中形容词修饰逻辑主语。It’snecessaryforyoutostudyhard.(necessary修饰tostudyhard,表示学习努力是有必要的)It’sfoolishofhimtodoit.(foolish修饰逻辑主语him)与of连用的形容词有:good,kind,nice,wise,clever,foolish,right,wrong,careful,careless,polite,…与for连用的通常是一些表示可能性、难易程度、必要性等含义的形容词:possible,impossible,easy,hard,difficult,necessary,…需4.不定式作宾语补足语时省略to的情况:若不定式前的谓语动词是使役动词make,let,have(表示“让、使”)、感官动词see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,hear,listento,feel时,不定式符号to可以省略。这些动词亦可总结为口诀:“三使五看两听一感觉”。例如:Let"s(to)go!走吧!Hesawthethief(to)stealalady’scellphone.注:改为被动句时要把to还原,例如:Thethiefwasseentostealalady’scellphone.5.不定式的省略。下列短语中,如果意义明确,常常省略到to。wantto,wishto,hopeto,liketo,hateto,planto,tryto,loveto,haveto,oughtto,needto,usedto,beableto6.作定语:动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:①动宾关系:Ihaveameetingtoattend.我有一个会议要出席。注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.他找到了一个居住的好房子。Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout.这个孩子无忧无虑。Whatdidyouopenitwith?你用什么打开它?如果不定式修饰time,place,way,可以省略介词:参考学习
...Hehasnoplacetolive.他无处安身。Thisisthebestwaytoworkoutthisproblem.这是解决这个问题的最好办法。如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:Haveyougotanythingtosend?你要送什么东西吗?Haveyougotanythingtobesent?你有什么东西需要送吗?②说明所修饰名词的内容:Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.我们制定了一个完成工作的计划。③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:Heisthefirsttogethere.他第一个来到这儿。7疑问词+动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:Howtopreventthemfromswimminginthisriverisaproblem.做主语、宾语、表语,还可以做定语。(why和if后不能直接跟动词不定式)Hedidn’tknowhowtoanswerher. Whentostarthasnotbeendecided. Idon’tknowwhotoaskadvicefrom.Wouldyoupleaseadvisemewhichtobuy? Pleaseexplain(tome)wheretobeginandhowtodoit. 8to可以省的情况 1.在下列固定词组或短语之后要跟不带to的不定式hadbetter…hadbest…wouldrather…(than…)wouldsooner…than…cannothelpbutcannotbutcannotchoosebut..may/mightaswell…donomorethan…2介词but,except,besides,than,等表示“除了…”之意的词前,若有实义动词do时,常用无to的不定式作其介词的宾语,若无实义动词do,则用带to的动词不定式。Hewasnotabletodoanythingbut/exceptwait.Hehadnochoicebuttogivein.xchangedviewsonthequestionofwhomtoelect. why或whynot开头的省略型疑问句中,其后可跟不带to的不定式。如: Whygetupsetjustbecauseyougotabadmark? Youarelookingtired.Whynottakeaholiday? Whentostarthasnotbeendecided. 9某些动词后,可用it做形式宾语,然后加宾语补足语,最后加不定式作真正的并于。常见的动词有find,thinkconsider,feel,make等。Theyfinditdifficulttorepaythemoney.10help后,做宾补和宾语的不定式符号to带不带都可以。如;Hehelpedherwalkacrossthestreet.参考学习
...Heoftenhelpsdosomehouseworkathome.11固定用法综合:sotospeak可以说,可谓tobeexact精确地说tobesure无可否认,诚然tomakethings(matters)worseThedogis,sotospeak,amemberofthefamily.He’sinhismid-fifties;well,fifty-sixtobeexact.表真诚:tobefairtobe(perfectly)franktobehonesttotell(you)thetruth表总结:tobebrieftoconcludetocut/makealongstoryshorttosumup表让步:toputitanotherwaytosaytheleast不夸张的说表顺序:tobeginwithtostartwith12主动表被动1)不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系,并且不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Ihavetwoletterstoanswer.2)有些结构中,不定式表达被动意义,却用主动形式,因为可以在句子中找到不定式这个动作的发出者。Givehersomebookstoread.Wouldyoubringmeabenchtositon?Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.注意:用做定语的不定式为“动词+介词”时,介词不能省略。如:apieceofpapertowriteonaniceplacetolivein3)某些动词的不定式与be连用时,常见的有toblame,tolet等。如:Thehouseistolet.Heistoblamefornotdrivingcarefully.(二)动名词: 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 (1)作主语: Readingaloudisveryhelpful.朗读是很有好处的。 Collectingstampsisinteresting.集邮很有趣。 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。参考学习
... It"snousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。 (2)作表语: Intheantcity,thequeen"sjobislayingeggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语: Theyhaven"tfinishedbuildingthedam.他们还没有建好大坝。 Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:口诀:考虑建议盼原谅,consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon;承认推迟没得想;admit/permit,delay/putoff,fancy;避免错过继续练,avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice;否认完成就欣赏;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;禁止想象才冒险,forbid,imagine,risk;不禁介意准逃亡。can’thelp/stand,mind,allow/permit,escapeMemespckafida妹妹是不吃咖啡的m-minde-escapem-misse-enjoys-suggest/remmendp-practisec-considerk-keep/keepona-advisef-finishi-imagine/included-dislike/delaya-allow/admit/appreaciate/avoidrisk(4)作定语: Hecan"twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路。 Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool?你们学校有游泳池吗? (5)作同位语: Thecave,hishiding-placeissecret.那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsunchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。1.注意以下几种结构: Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecareful.一般说来,女孩子更细心。动名词的复合结构由形容词性的物主代词/名词所有格+动名词构=动名词的复合结构,在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。物主代词和名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。Doyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?Iinsistedonmyhusband/husband’spayingthebill.1)在口语和非正式英语中,这种结构不用在句首,常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词,用米歌词普通格代指所有格。如:Therearemanyreasonsforanimalsdyingout.2)如果动名词的复合结构在句首,就必须用形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格。如:Hissmokingcausedthefireintheforest.3)therebe的动名词的复合结构为therebeing如:What’sthechanceoftherebeingaraintomorrow?2.动名词做主语的句型awaste(of…)参考学习
...Itis/wasno(little)good/use+-inghardlyanygood/useworthwhile/worthone’swhilenowaynosenseinThereis/wasnopointin+-ingnouse/good(in)nothingworsethan 1.There’snotellingwhatwillhappen. =It’simpossibletotellwhatwillhappen. =Noonecantellwhatwillhappen. . 3.There’ssomedifficulty(in)doing… 在此句型中,difficulty可以由以下单词替换: trouble,problem,fun,pleasure,agoodtime,ahardtime4、动名词作need,want,require,beworth的宾语时,用主动式代替被动式。Thewashing-machineneedsrepairing.(或用:needstoberepaired)这台洗衣机需要修理。Thepointwantsreferringto.这一点要提到。ThisEnglishnovelisworthreading.这本英文小说值得一读。ThesituationinRussianrequiredstudying.俄国形式需要研究?5do+限定词(my,some,any,the等)+-ing,表示“做…事”之意,如:WeoftendoourcleaningonSaturdayafternoon.WillyoudoanyshoppingonSaturdaythisafternoon?(三)现在分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not+现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如: Theywenttothepark,singingandtalking.他们边唱边说向公园走去。 Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasket-ball.做完作业,他开始打篮球。 (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。 Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。参考学习
... 2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。 Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。 Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor"sfather. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:inthefollowingyears也可用intheyearsthatfollowed;themanspeakingtotheteacher可改为themanwhoisspeakingtotheteacher. (2)现在分词作表语: Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在这家上演的电影很棒。 Thepresentsituationisinspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心。 be+doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be+doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 (3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,leave,catch等。例如: Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他让小汽车在门口等着。 (4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语: (While)Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语: BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语,表示伴随: Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashing.他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语: (If)Playingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语: Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。 ⑦作让步状语: Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格: Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Timepermitting,we"lldoanothertwoexercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式参考学习
... Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。 ⑨作独立成分: udgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。1.英语中有一部分分词短语,它独立存在,没有自己的逻辑主语。这些分词短语已成为固定的习惯用语,常被看做句子的插入语,常见的有:generallyspeakingstrictly(honestly/frankly/roughly/broadly)speakingconsidering…judgingfrom/by…talkingall/everythingintoconsideration (四)过去分词: 过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。 过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语: OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 2.过去分词作表语: Thewindowisbroken.窗户破了。 Theywerefrightenedatthesadsight.他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。 注意:be+过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别: Thewindowisbroken.(系表) Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如: boiledwater(开水)fallenleaves(落叶) newlyarrivedgoods(新到的货)therisensun(升起的太阳) thechangedworld(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone,come,fallen,risen,changed,arrived,returned,passed等。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语: Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语: Withtheworkdone,theywentouttoplay.工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。 4.过去分词作状语: Praisedbytheneighbours,hebecametheprideofhisparents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因) Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.参考学习
... 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间) Givenmoretime,I"llbeabletodoitbetter. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件) Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步) Filledwithhopesandfears,heenteredthecave.心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。 注意以下几个问题: 1.下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别, forgettodo…忘记要做某事 forgetdoing…忘记做了某事 remembertodo…记住要做某事 rememberdoing…记着做了某事 meantodo…有意要做某事 meandoing…意味着做了某事 regrettodo…对要做的事表示后悔 regretdoing…对做过去的事后悔 can’thelptodo…不能帮助做某事 can’thelpdoing…情不自禁做某事 trytodo…尽力去做某事 trydoing试着做某事 learntodo…学着去做某事 learndoing…学会做某事 stoptodo…停下来去做(另一件事) stopdoing…停止做某事 goontodo…接着做(另外一件事) goondoing…继续做某事 usedtodo…过去做某事 beusedtodoing…习惯做某事 2.动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别 动名词作定语表达n+fordoing的含义 现在分词作定语表达n+which(who)bedoing的含义 如:asleepingcar=acarforsleeping arunninghorse=ahorsewhichisrunning 前者是动名词,后者是现在分词 又如:drinkingwater,walkingstickrunningwater,sleepingboy 2.分词作表语 Thenewssoundsencouraging. Theygotveryexcited. 1)现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别: Thenewsisinteresting. Heisinterestedinthenews. doing作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系;done作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系。 2)表语与被动式的区别: TheblackboardwasbrokenbyXiaoMing.(强调动作)参考学习
... Theblackboardisbroken.You’dbetterhaveitrepaired.(强调状态) 3)常作表语的过去分词: amused,injured,covered,known,dressed,lost,broken,gone,delighted,excited,pleased,satisfied,married,worried,surprised,interested,burnt,shut,crowded,wounded,drank,done 3.现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别 Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.(表语) Thesituationinourcountryisencouragingthepeople.(现在进行时) Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby.(动名词) 能回答how-question的是现在分词,能回答what-question的动名词,即不能回答how-question也不能回答what-question的是现在进行时。 例如:Howisthesituationinourcountry?Itisencouraging. Whatisyourjob?Myjobislookingafterthelittlebaby. 4.注意的四种结构 Have/getsomethingtodo有某事要做 have/getsomethingdone使某事被做 have/getsomebodydosomething使某人做某事havesomethingdoing让某事一直做着容忍某事的发生Theteacherhadusread/gotustoreadthetextaloud.You’dbetterhave/getyourhaircut.Hemanagedtogetthehorserunning. 5.需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词: seat,prepare,hide,dress 如:Iseatedmyselfonthechair. Iwasseatedonthechair. 6.不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别: Ihaveaproblemtobediscussedatthemeeting.(将来) ThebuildingbeingbuiltontheriveristheScienceMuseum.(正在进行) Thebuildingcompletedthreeyearsagoisnowinbadconditions.(过去) 7.分词做状语需要注意的一个问题: 分词与句子主语的逻辑关系 Seeingfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(错误) Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.(正确)8 Seeing与thecity不是主谓关系;seen与city是动宾关系现在分词和过去分词的区别1)语态上不同现在分词表主动,所修饰的人或物时分词动作的执行者;过去分词表示被动,所修饰的人或物时分词动作的承受者。如:Iheardsomeoneclosingthedoor.Iheardthedoorclosed.2)时间上不同现在分词表正进行,过去分词表完成的动作。如:参考学习
...fallingleavesfallenleaves1)特殊分词的分词用法英语中和很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉”;过去分词含有被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉”。如:moving–moveddisappointing--disappointedexciting–excitedsurprising–surprised有些及物动词的过去分词表示被动意味并不强,它主要表示的是一种状态或结果。如:Ifoundhimseatedatthebackoftheclassroom.(=Ifoundhimsitting…)Loseintheforest,hehadtofindhiswayoutfirst. 9逻辑主语构成独立主格:Timepermitting,we"lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。10独立成分Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecareful.一般说来,女孩子更细心 非谓语动词十大解题原则来源:天星更新日期:2011-11-19点击:1138原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接,如果没有连词连接,则需要用非谓语动词例1._________manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold例2._________manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadtold解析:例1中有连词but连接,表明前后都是句子,所以答案为C。例2中后面是一个句子,而且没有连词,所以前面不是句子,应该用非谓语动词,根据句意此处为被动,所以答案为A。参考学习
...原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词,及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式,无宾语时用-ed形式例3.____________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing解析:lose为及物动词,现在后面没有宾语,所以用-ed形式,答案为B。例4.__________,IreallybelievethatI’dprefernottomakeanychangenow.A.ConsideredallthepossibilitiesB.TakingallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationC.TakenallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationD.Givingallthepossibilities解析:把。。。考虑进来结构为takesthintoconsideration,现在take后面有宾语allthepossibilities,所以用-ing形式,答案为B。原则三、beingdone表示“正在被”,一般不作状语,只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式tohavedone或havingdone强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前例5.__toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed解析:根据句意“我们没有打通电话,就给他们发了个邮件”,没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前,所以用havingdone,答案为D。例6.TimBemers-Leeisgenerallyconsidered_____theWorldWideWeb,onwhichalltheinformationissharedbyall.A.tohavefoundedB.havingfoundedC.foundingD.tofound参考学习
...解析:根据句意,TimBemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情,而且beconsidered后面应该用动词不定式,所以应该用tohavedone,答案为A。原则四、非谓语动词作定语时,表示将来用-todo,表正在进行用-ing,表示已经完成用-ed例7.Theplay_____nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced解析:根据本题中的时间状语nextmonth,可知theplay将要于下月被创作出来,表将来应该用todo,所以答案为C。例8.Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown解析:根据句意“被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了”,树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作,表已经完成用-ed形式,所以答案为B。原则五、介词后跟-ing形式,可以在-ing前加逻辑主语例9.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______________.A.thethiefhavingbeencaughtB.thethieftobecaughtC.catchthethiefD.thethiefbeingcaught解析:本题ledto中的to是介词,后面应该用-ing形式,thethief作-ing的逻辑主语,所以答案为D。例10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose参考学习
...解析:本题thenoiseof中的of是介词,后面应该用-ing形式,desks作-ing的逻辑主语,所以答案为C。原则六、-ing形式或todo可作主语或宾语,-ed形式则不可以例11.___________inaheavytrafficjamisquiteanunpleasantexperience.A.CaughtB.HavingcaughtC.BeingcaughtD.Tocatch解析:本题中is为系动词,前面应该作主语,用-ing形式,所以答案为C。例12___twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.ExaminingB.ExaminedC.BeingexaminedD.Havingbeenexamined解析:本题中is为系动词,前面应该作主语,用-ing形式,所以答案为C。原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语例13Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.IthinkMichael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______Michael’snewhousewithhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.compared解析:“和。。。相比较”结构为becomparedwith,现在做句子的状语,所以只保留非谓语动词,把动词be去掉,答案为D。A例14_______withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice._______adifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing解析:“面对”结构为befacedwith,现在做句子的状语,所以只保留非谓语动词,把动词be去掉,答案为C。D参考学习
...原则八、非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致,和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式,构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时,要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构例15.____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语thepostman一致,thepostman应该是被咬,所以答案为B。例16._______inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致,he和walk应该是主动关系,所以答案为B。例17.Whilewatchingtelevision,__________.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings解析:根据“非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致”的原则,watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致,所以句子主语应为“we”,答案为C。例18.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons____fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished解析:本题没有连词,所以后面应用非谓语动词,thelessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语,和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是“被完成”,所以答案为B。原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种:目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语(表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式)。另外,某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因例19._____,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.A.BeingawinnerB.Tobeawinner参考学习
...C.BeawinnerD.Havingbeenawinner解析:根据句意“要想成为获胜者,你要付出所有,尽最大努力”,此处表目的,所以答案为B。例20.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_______thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told解析:本句句意为“记者们匆匆赶到机场,却被告知明星们已经走了”,表出乎意料的结果常常用onlytodo,所以答案为B。例21.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,________inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet解析:本题句意为“玻璃门替换了木头门,自然光就进来了”,自然光进来时顺其自然的结果,所以用doing,答案为B。例22.HowgladIam___________you!A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.havingseen解析:本题是Iamgladtoseeyou的感叹句形式,toseeyou是原因状语,答案为B。原则十、非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not,有nottodo,notdoing,nothavingdone,nottohavedone几种形式例23______thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized解析:本题考查doing的否定形式notdoing,答案为C。例24.Whatworriedhimmostwas______tovisithissickchild.A.hisbeingnotallowedB.hisnotbeingallowed参考学习
...C.hisnotallowingD.havingnotbeenallowed解析:本题考查beingdone的否定形式notbeingdone;his为notbeingdone的逻辑主语,所以答案为B。例25.Sarahhasdecided________awayonholidaythissummer.A.don’tgoB.tonotgoC.notgoingD.nottogo解析:本题考查todo的否定形式nottodo,所以答案为D。非谓语动词考点分析 1.TheOlympicGames,______in776B.C,did’tincludewomenplayersuntil1919. A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying 析:根据题干,必须选表示被动的选项,故排除A、D;因B选项表“将要被举行”意,不合题干之用,只有C选项(相当于whichwasfirstplayed)才合用。 2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld. A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake 析:B、C是谓语动词,在此不可用。D项tomake或表目的,或表“将要使得”,这都不合题干情景。只有A.making,可作状语,表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例: Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻,因而耽误了。3.LittleJimshouldlove______tothetheatrethisevening.参考学习
...A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking析:根据thisevening,应选表示将来义的选项,C、D应排除。Take后无宾语,必然要用被动式,故答案为A。4.Johnwasmade______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing析:根据bemadetodosth.句式,可定答案为A。5.Thepatientwaswarned______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating析:根据warnsb.(not)todosth.句式,可排除B、D两项;又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律,又可排除A,而定C。6.——Iusuallygotherebytrain.——Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing析:此题可根据whynot后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为trytogo,则要根据其与trygoing意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容,乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样,所以答案仍为D。7.______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived参考学习
...析:非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位,B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作,只有选C项才表没收到信在先,决定再写信在后,所以C为正确答案。8.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havingmvented析:consider表“考虑”意时,其后动词用doing形式,此处不表“考虑”,而表“认为”,这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为todo,tohavedone,tobe等形式。据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意,不合题用,只有C表“发明了”意,才合题用,故选C。9.Mostoftheartists______tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited析:“被邀请参加晚会”,应选表被动意的选项,B不可用。D项少引导词who,也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语,C也应排除,只有A.invited(=whowereinvited)才是正确答案。10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiredD.tied析:B表主动意,应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”,A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意,只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思,符合题干情景。再看一类似例句:Hecamein,(with)hishead参考学习
...heldhigh.他昂首走了进来。非谓语动词专练1.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving2.Thefirsttextbooks______forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.tobewrittenB.writtenC.beingwrittenD.havingwritten3.Themissingboyswerelastseen______neartheriver.A.toplayB.playC.tobeplayingD.playing4.______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.ToloseB.LostC.HavinglostD.Losing5.Whenpassingmehepretended______me.A.toseeB.nothavingseenC.tohavenotseenD.nottohaveseen6.Thechildreninsisted______thereonfoot.A.theygoingB.theywouldgoC.ontheirgoingD.going7.Hestillremembers______toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.A.takingB.beingtakenC.takenD.havingtaken8.______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.A.Arrivingat;tofindB.Comingto;discoveringthatC.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout9.Withtheboy______theway,wehadnotrouble______theway参考学习
...______toZhongshanPark.A.leading;finding;leadingB.tolead;found;toleadC.led;finding;ledD.leading;found;led10.______thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand______fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmorebeautiful.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen11.IcanhardlyimaginePeter______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.tohavesailedB.tosailC.sailingD.sail12.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair______againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove13.______isknowntoall,Chinawillbean______andpowerfulcountryin20or30years’time.A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing14.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.persuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded15.Therewasterriblenoise______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed16.Pleaseexcusemy______inwithout______.参考学习
... A.come;permittedB.coming;permittedC.comimg;beingpermittedD.tocome;beingpermitted 17.______hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting______then. A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld 18.——Didyouhearher______thispopsongthistimetheotherday? ——Yes,andIheardthissong______inEnglish. A.sing;singingB.sung;sungC.sung;singingD.singing;sung 19.Thequestion______nowatthemeetingisnotthequestion______yesterday. A.discussed;discussedB.discussing;haddiscussedC.beingdiscussed;discussedD.discussing;discussing 20.Withthecooking______,Iwenton______somesewing. A.done;todoB.beingdone;doingC.tobedone;doingD.tohavedone;doing 21.Itisnouse______yourpastmistakes. A.regrettingB.regretC.toregretD.regretted 22.Herhusbanddiedin1980andhadnothing______toher,only______herfivechildren. A.left;toleaveB.leaving;leavingC.leaving;leftD.left;leaving参考学习
... 23.Iamverybusy.Ihaveaverydifficultproblem______. A.toworkB.toworkoutC.tobeworkedoutD.toworkitout 24.Iwouldappreciate______backthisaffernoon. A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling 25.Climbingmountainswas______,soweallfelt______. A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired 26.Isawsomevillagers______onthebenchattheendoftheroom. A.seatingB.seatC.seatedD.seatedthemselves 27.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell______careof. A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking 28.Itisoneoftheimportantproblems______tomorrow. A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvedD.solving 29.______mapsproperly,youneedaspecialpen. A.DrawnB.DrawingC.TodrawD.Bedrawing 30.Thereisariver______aroundourschool. A.torunB.runC.runningD.toberunning 31.Howaboutthetwoofus______awalkdownthegarden? A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaken 32.Iwasfortunatetopickupawallet______onthegroundonthewaybackhome,butunfortunatelyforme,IfoundmycolourTVset.______whenIgothome.参考学习
... A.lying;stolenB.laying;stealingC.lay;stolenD.lying;stealing 33.Whththekind-heartedboy____mewithmywork,I’msureI’llbeabletosparetime___withyourwork. A.tohelp;helpyououtB.helping;helpingyouC.helped;tohelpyououtD.tohelp;tohelpyou 34.Greatlymoveddbyherwords,______. A.tearscametohiseyesB.hecouldhardlyholdbackhistears C.tearscouldhardlybeheldbackD.hiseyeswerefilledwithtears. 35.——Ihopethechildrenwon’ttouchthedog. ——I’vewarnedthem______. A.notB.nottoC.nottouchD.notdo 36.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport. A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone 37.When______whyhewalkedinwithoutpermission,hejuststaredatusandsaidnothing. A.beenaskedB.askedC.askingD.tobeasked 38.Themankeptsilentintheroomunless______. A.spokentoB.spoketoC.spokenD.tospeak 39.Hewasoftenlistened______inthenextroom. A.singB.sungC.tosingD.totosing参考学习
... 40.Ratherthan______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers______abicycle. A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding 41.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______. A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto 42.What’stroublingthemis______enoughexperiencedworkers. A.thattheyhavetoB.theyhavenotC.theirnothavingD.nottheirhaving 43.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill. A.NotknowingB.KnowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknow 44.Bambooisused______housesinsomeplaces. A.tobuildB.tobuildingC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt 45.Goon______theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone. A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoing 46.Thedaywelookedforwardto______. A.comeB.comingC.hascomeD.havecome 47.Whomwouldyourather______thework?参考学习
... A.tohavetodoB.tohavedoC.havetodoD.havedo 48.Doyouthinkitanygood______withhimagain? A.totalkB.talkingC.totalkingD.havingtalked 49.Sometimesnewideashavetobetestedmanytimesbefore______. A.acceptingfullyB.beingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptingD.fullybeingaccepted 50.Thegovernmentforbids______suchbadbooks. A.publishedB.topublishC.publishD.publishing 非谓语动词专练答案 1―5CBDBD6―10CBAAA11―15CBCCB16―20CADCA 21―25ADBCA26―30CCBCC31―35CADBB36―40BBADC 41―45ACAAA46―50CDABD 。欢迎您的光临,Word文档下载后可修改编辑.双击可删除页眉页脚.谢谢!希望您提出您宝贵的意见,你的意见是我进步的动力。赠语;1、如果我们做与不做都会有人笑,如果做不好与做得好还会有人笑,那么我们索性就做得更好,来给人笑吧!2、现在你不玩命的学,以后命玩你。3、我不知道年少轻狂,我只知道胜者为王。4、不要做金钱、权利的奴隶;应学会做“金钱、权利”的主人。5、什么时候离光明最近?那就是你觉得黑暗太黑的时候。6、最值得欣赏的风景,是自己奋斗的足迹。 7、压力不是有人比你努力,而是那些比你牛×几倍的人依然比你努力。参考学习