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主谓一致主谓一致的概念所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间,即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。一、【语法一致】1.两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。Heandshe_____bothstudentsofthisschool.他和她都是这个学校的学生。（2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数。Thesingeranddancer____goingtogiveusaperformance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。2.如果主语是<不定式,动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。Whenheiscomingseemsveryimportant.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。Collectingstampsishishobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。Toloveherisnottobreakherwings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。3.定语从句的<关系代词who,which,that>在从句中作主语时，要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。Thosewhoenjoysingingmayjoinus.Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyou.4.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.二、[意义一致原则]指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。）1.不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。Alloftheapples____rotten.所有的苹果都烂了。Alloftheapple____rotten.整个苹果都烂了。Noneofthemoney_____left.没有剩下一点钱。Noneofthestudents_____there.没有学生在那里。2.集体名词作主语,动词可用单数,也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时,动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group。Hisfamily____goingout.他们全家要外出。Hisfamily____allmusiclovers.他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。3.某些名词如people,police,cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。Thepolicearesearchingforathief.精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共5页-----------------------
Thecattleareeatinggrassonthehill.注意：the+adj.表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。Theoldaretakengoodcareofinourcountry.4.复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数，如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing。Someoneisaskingforyou.有人找你。Nothingisfoundintheroom.在屋子里什么也没找到。5.一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主语用“akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Thepairofshoesiswornout.这双鞋破了。Theshoesarewornout.鞋子破了。6.某些名词以s结尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，谓语动词应用单数。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.物理是一门很有趣的学科。7.有些名词的单数和复数形式一样,作主语的时候,其谓语动词由上下文决定,这一类名词有:means(方法、手段),works(工厂),species(种类),deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。Noteverymeansisuseful.不是每种方法都好使。Notallmeansareuseful.不是所有的方法都好使。8.书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.RootsisafamousAmericannovel.9.不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词<即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时>，谓语动词仍用单数形式。every...andevery...;each...andeach...;no...andno...在以上短语中and连接的单数名词,整个短语在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlwantstogotothecinema.Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattend.Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.听不到任何声音。10.“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,aheapof,heapsof,halfof+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如:Lotsofdamagewascausedbyfire.Aboutthree-fourthsoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Three-fifthsoftheworkersherearewomen.和这种情况类似的还有“anumberof+名词复数”。但是,“thenumberof+名词”的中心词却是number。试比较：Anumberofstudentshavegonetothecountrysidetohelpwiththeautumnharvest.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookistwohundred.注意：①a(large)quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.quantitiesof修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共5页-----------------------
Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.②agreatdealof,alargeamountof,修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;largeamountsof修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。例如:③表示数量的oneandahalf后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.11.如果主语有morethanone很多非常⋯或manya许多⋯⋯构成，oneandahalf与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.Manyagirlhasbeenthere.但是，“more+复数名词+thanone”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.三、[就近原则]either...or;neither...nor;notonly...butalso,whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在therebe句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。NeitheryounorIamwrong.Thereisacupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.四、就远原则with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数<随主语的变化>而变化。例如：Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtreesinthestreet.老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。Everybodyexceptyouisdownonme.除了你，大家都看不起我。Awomanwithtwochildrenhascome.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.约翰，而不是他的室友，应受责备Jim,togetherwithhisclassmates,hasseenthefilm.吉姆和他的同学都看看过这电影精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共5页-----------------------
主谓一致练习题从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.One-thirdofthearea_____coveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetrees_____beenplanted.A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;has2.Thenumberofteachersinourcollege_____greatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschool_____fromthecountryside.A.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;is3.What_____thepopulationofChina?One-thirdofthepopulation_____workershere.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;is4.Notonlyhebutalsowe_____right.Heaswellaswe_____right.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are5.Whathe’dlike_____adigitalwatch.Whathe’dlike_____textbooks.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;is6.Heisoneoftheboyswho_____hereontime.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_____hereontime.A.hascome;havecomeB.havecome;hascomeC.hascome;hascomeD.havecome;havecome7.Eitheryouorhe_____interestedinplayingchess._____youorhefondofmusicatpresent?A.are;AreB.is;AreC.are;IsD.is;Is8.Manyaprofessor_____lookingforwardtovisitingGermanynow.Manyscientists_____studiedanimalsandplantsinthelasttwoyears.A.is;haveB.is;hasC.are;haveD.is;are9.Aknifeandafork_____onthetable.Aknifeandfork_____onthetable.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;are10.Herfamily_____muchlargerthanminefouryearsago.Herfamily_____dancingandsingingwhenIcameinlastnight.A.were;wasB.was;wereC.was;wasD.were;were11.HowandwhyJackcametoChina_____notknown.Whenandwheretobuildthenewlibrary_____notbeendecided.A.is;hasB.are;hasC.is;haveD.are;have12.NowTomtogetherwithhisclassmates_____footballontheplayground.A.playB.areplayingC.playsD.isplaying13.Twohundredandfiftypounds_____toounreasonableapriceforasecond-handcar.A.isB.areC.wereD.be14.AllbutDick_____inClassThreethisterm.A.areB.isC.wereD.was15.Soonaftertheearthquake,everyman,womanandchild_____aboutit.A.weretalkingB.wastalkingC.talkD.talks16.Weeach_____strongpointsandeachofusontheotherhand_____weakpoints.A.have;haveB.has;haveC.has;hasD.have;has17.MyfriendandclassmatePaul_____motorcyclesinhissparetime.A.raceB.racesC.isracedD.isracing18.There_____apen,twopencils,andthreebooksonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.have19.Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,_____burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wereD.was20.Climbinghills_____ofgreathelptohealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.be21.Timeandtide_____fornoman.A.waitB.waitedC.iswaitingD.haswaited22.Theinjuredinthetsunami_____goodcareofbysomemedicalteams.精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共5页-----------------------
A.istakenB.arebeingtakenC.aretakingD.isbeingtaken23.ItisnotJ.K.Rowlingbutherworksthat_____usexcited.A.makesB.ismadeC.makeD.aremade24.Onthecloset_____apairoftrousershisparentsboughtforhisbirthday.A.lyingB.liesC.lieD.islaid25.Eachmanandeachwoman_____askedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.A.isB.wasC.areD.were26.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth;therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are27.—Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?—No,theteacher,togetherwiththestudents_____totheplayground.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.havegone28.—Aretheseyoursheep?—No.Mine_____ongrassatthefootofthehill.A.arefeedingB.feedC.isfedD.isfeeding29.Sittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomen_____averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.A.wasB.areC.wereD.therewas30.Mr.Bush,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter_____goingtoJapannextweek.A.areB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe31.Nottheteacherbutthestudents_____excited.A.isB.hasC.areD.have32.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_____allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.A.areB.wasC.isD.were33._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifths;areC.Twofifth;areD.Twofifths;is精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共5页-----------------------
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