初二上册英语语法总结 16页

初二上册英语语法总结初二上册英语语法总结初二上册英语语法总结新目标八年级（上）英语复习提纲Unit1:Howoftendoyouexercise?【语言目标】Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?IsometimesgotothebeachHowoftendoyoueatvegetables?Everyday.Moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.【应掌握的词组】1.gotothemovies去看电影2.lookafter=takecareof照顾3.surftheinternet上网4.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式5.goskateboarding去划板6.keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康7.exercise=take(much)exercise=dosports锻炼8.eatinghabits饮食习惯9.takemoreexercise做更多的运动10.thesameas与什么相同11.bedifferentfrom不同12.onceamonth一月一次13.twiceaweek一周两次14.makeadifferenceto对什么有影响15.howoften多久一次16.although=though虽然17.mostofthestudents=moststudents18.shop=goshopping=dosomeshopping购物19.asfor至于20.activitysurvey活动调查21.dohomework做家庭作业22.dohousework做家务事23.eatlessmeat吃更少的肉24.junkfood垃圾食物25.begoodfor对什么有益26.bebadfor对什么有害27.wanttodosth想做某事28.wantsbtodosth想某人做某事29.trytodosth尽量做某事30.comehomefromschool放学回家31.ofcourse=certainly=sure当然32.getgoodgrades取得好成绩33.someadvice34.hardly=notnearly/almostnot几乎不35.keep/beingoodhealth保持健康36.bestressed紧张的，有压力的37.takeavacation去度假48.getback回来【应掌握的句子】 1.Howoftendoyouexercise?你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？Howoften+助动词do(does或did)+主语+dosth.?疑问词howoften是问频率(多久一次),（在这里助动词do(does或did)是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once,twice,threetimes…,sometimes,often,quite,often,never,everyday,onceaweek,twiceamonth,threetimesamonth,threeorfourtimesamonth等。2.“Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?”“Iusuallyplaysoccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。”第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。3.“What’syourfavoriteprogram?”“It’sAnimalWorld.”“你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。”4.Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor...意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。5.Momwantsmetogetupat6:00andplayping-pongwithher.wanttodosth.意思是“想要做某事”；wantsb.todosth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。6.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.begoodfor...表示“对……有益（有好处）”;其反义为：bebadfor...。（这里for是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）7.Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?8.Iexerciseeveryday,usuallywhenIcomehomefromschool.9.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.pretty相当于very。10.Itrytoeatalotofvegetables,usuallytentoeleventimesaweek. trytodosth.表示“尽力做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思而trydoingsth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。11.Myhealthylifestylehelpsmegetgoodgrades.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事12.Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级13.Isherlifestylethesameasyoursordifferent?=Isherlifestylethesameasyourlifestyleorisherlifestyledifferentfromyours?bethesameas…/bedifferentfrom…14.Whatsportsdoyouplay?15.Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthy16.Youmusttrytoeatlessmeat.trytodosth.表示“尽力做某事”,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级17.Thatsoundsinteresting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。Unit2What’sthematter?【语言目标】What’sthematter?Ihaveaheadache.Youshoulddrinksometea.Thesoundslikeagoodidea.Ihaveasoreback.That’stoobad.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.【应掌握的词组】1.Haveacold感冒2.soreback背痛3.neckandneck并驾齐驱，齐头并进4.Ihaveastomachache我胃痛=Ihavegotastomachache=Thereissomethingwrongwithmystomach =Mystomachhurts=Ihave(got)apaininmystomach5.What’sthematter?怎么了？=What’sthetrouble(withyou)?=What’syourtrouble?=What’swrong(withyou)?=What’thematter(withyou)?=Whathashappenedtoyou?=Isthereanythingwrong(withyou)?=what’sup?6.sorethroat咽喉痛7.liedownandrest躺下休息8.seeadentist看牙医9.drinklotsofwater多喝水10.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶11.That’sagoodidea好主意12.That’stoobad太糟糕了13.Ithinkso我认为如此14.I’mnotfeelingwell.我觉得不太舒服=I’mnotfeelingfine/allright.=I’mfeelingill/sick.=Ifeelterrible/bad.=Idon’tfeelwell.15.getsomerest多休息16.Ihavenoidea=Idon’tknow我不知道17.stressedout筋疲力尽18.Iamtired我累了Heistired.他累了19.ahealthylifestyle健康的生活方式20.traditionalChinesedoctors传统中医21.abalanceofyinandyang阴阳调和22.youhavetoomuchyin.你阴气太盛23.toeatabalancediet饮食平衡24.healthyfood健康食品25.stayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth=keepfit26.enjoyoneself(myself,yourself,herself,himself,themselves,ourselves,itself反身代词)玩得高兴，过得愉快=haveagoodtime=haveawonderfultime=havefun27.enjoysth.=likesth.(名词)喜欢某物,enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事=likedongsthpracticedoingsth.练习做某事，minddoingsth.介意做某事，finishdoingsth.完成某事，giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事，can’thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，keepdingsth.坚持做某事.（keepondoingsth./keepsb.doingsth.）bebusydoingsth.忙着做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事makeacontributiontodoingsth.为..做贡献goondoingsth.继续做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做某事spend....(in)doingsth.花（时间）来做某事preferdoingsth.todoingsth.比起（做...）来更愿意（做...）28.atthemoment=now此刻29.Hostfamily东道家庭 30.Conversationpractice会话练习31.I’msorrytohearthat.听到此事我很难过【应掌握的句子】1．What’sthematter?Ihaveabadcold.2．Maybeyoushouldseeadentist.3．Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.4．TraditionalChinesedoctorsbelieveweneedabalanceofyinandyangtobehealthy.5．EatingDangshenandHuangqiherbsisalsogoodforthis.6．Peoplewhoaretoostressedoutandangrymayhavetoomuchyang.7．It’seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit’simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.8．Whenyouaretired,youshouldn’tgooutatnight.9．Ibelievehim,butIcan’tbelieveinhim.10．Iamnotfeelingverywellatthemoment.I’mtiredandIhavealotofheadaches.11．I’mstressedoutbecausemyMandarinisn’timproving.12．Ipracticeplayingthepianoeveryday.13．ShehadfinishedwritingtheletterwhenIwentin.14．Thedoctoraskedhimtogiveupsmoking.15．Doyoumindclosingthewindow?16．Marycouldn’thelplaughingathisjokes.17．Theykeptworkingthoughitwasraining.扩展阅读：初二上册英语语法总结选择填空()1.What’sthematterwithyou?--Ihad___badcoldandhadtostayin_____bedA.a;/B.a;theC.a;aD.the;the()2.When________he_____toourschool?---Abouttwohours A.does;comeB.did;comeC.did;cameD.do;come()3.Themeatis__expensiveandeating__meatisbadforyourhealth.A.toomuch;muchtooB.muchtoo;toomuchC.toomuch;toomuchD.muchtoo;muchtoo;()4.It’sinteresting___abooklikethis.A.readB.readsC.readingD.toread()5.Whatabout___Englishwithme?A.studyB.studiesC.studyingD.tostudy()6.Ifyouwanttobeingood____,youshouldeat____food.A.healthy;healthyB.health;healthC.healthy;healthD.health;healthy()7.Isthere____wrongwithyourcomputer?A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.some()8.Couldyougiveme_____?--Sure.A.someadviceB.someadvicesC.anyadviceD.anyadvices()9.Theyare___nextmonth.A.gotocampB.gocampingC.goingcampingD.goingcamp()10.Thatsound_____.A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.tointerest()11.Thechildlikestodo____.A.thingsdifferentB.somethingdifferentC.differentsomethingD.differentanything()12.MayIaskyou______question?--SureA.anyB.muchC.someD.alittle()13.Atlasthedecided_________thenewplan.A.atB.toC.onD.for()14.Theoldpeoplelike____afterdinner,becauseit’sgoodfortheirhealth.A.takingwalksB.takingwalkC.goingforwalkD.gotowalks()15.Braceisgoingfishing,____hisbrotherisn’t.Hehasmuchworktodo.A.andB.soC.butD.because()16.--_____doyoucometoschool?--_____foot.A.What;OnB.How;OnC.What;ByD.How;By()17.SometimesIgo_____withmyfather. A.fishB.fishingC.tofishD.fishes()18.Ittookmearound______hourtofinishmyhomeworkyesterday.A.aB.anC.theD./()19.Wheretogodepends______theplacewhereyoulike.A.inB.withC.onD.by()20.It____fifteenminutestowalktoschool.A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.pays()21.Thenumberofthechildreninherfamily_____thereA.amB.isC.areD.be()22.Pleasewaitforamoment;Ihave____totellyou.A.interestingsomethingB.somethinginterestingC.interestinganythingD.anythinginteresting()23.Iwanttoknow______.A.wheredoesheliveB.howfarisitC.whoisheD.howhegoestoschool()24.---Canyougotothebankwithme?-----______.A.Sure,I’dlovetoB.Yes,I’dloveC.No,PleaseD.No,I’dlove()25.---Let’sgooutandplaygames.---Sorry,Ihave______worktodo.A.muchtooB.toomuchC.toomanyD.manytoo()26.Heleft____HongKong____themorningofSeptember8thA.to;onB.for;inC.to;inD.for;on()27.Mygoodfriendcanplay_____soccerwell,buthecan’tplay_____guitar.A.a;theB.the;theC./;theD.the;/()28.---I’mgoinghikinginthemountainswithmyfriendstomorrow.----________A.CongratulationsB.ThanksalotC.HaveagoodtimeD.Sorrytohearthat()29.---MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday-----No,you_____A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.needn’t()30.Shefinished_____herpostcardstwodaysago. A.writeB.wroteC.writingD.writes()31.---Why____fishingtomorrow?--Goodidea!A.don’tgoB.notgoC.nottogoD.don’tyougoing()32.They_____theGreatWallnextholiday.A.visitB.arevisitC.arevisitingD.visited（）33.Therearemany_____betweenthetwopicture.A.differentB.differentsC.differencesD.difference（）34.Milkisgood_____our____.A.to;healthyB.to;healthC.for;healthyD.for;health()35.---______doyougoskating?----Everyday.A.HowoftenB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howlong（）36.--Howoftendotheygotothemovies?---_______A.twiceaweekB.aweektwiceC.twiceofaweekD.twiceweek()37.Thereis___milkinthebottle.A.fewB.afewC.alotofD.many()38.Thepolicemantoldtheboys____inthestreet.A.notplayB.nottoplayC.notplayingD.tonotplay()39.Therearethree____inthefactory.A.womandriversB.womendriversC.womandriverD.womendriver()40.Iwantyou____withmeeveryday.A.exerciseB.exercisesC.exercisingD.toexercise()41.Mysisterlikesfruit,_____shedoesn’tlikevegetables.A.butB.andC.orD.also()42._____grandmotheroftencooksdeliciousfoodfor____A.He;hisB.His;heC.He;himD.His;him()43.WhatcanBillandCindydo? --Billcanplay____soccerandCindycanplay____piano.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the()44.Iwillgivemybaby____toeat.A.healthysomethingB.healthyanythingC.somethinghealthyD.anythinghealthy()45.Smokingis___yourhealth.A.goodforB.badforC.goodtoD.badto()46._____computergames,Ilikethemverymuch.A.AsforB.AsonC.AboutD.Allabove1.so+谓语+主语：…也一样.谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词2.so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.3.helpyourself/yurselvesto．．．请随便吃点．．．4.发现sb做sth:findsbdoingsth5.不完全同意Idon’treallyagree.完全不同意Ireallydon’tagree.6.或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原则既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原则既．．．．又．．．both…and….谓语用复数7.看起来，似乎Itseems/seemedthat…..8.由于．．．而闻名befamousfor….KeyPhrases（重点短语）：1.howoften多长时间一次2.junkfood垃圾食品3.alotof许多4.hardlyever很少5.startwith以…开始6.trytodosth.试着去做某事7.lookafter照料8.bekindofunhealthy有点不健康9.onceaday一天一次10.twiceamonth一个月两次11.begoodfor对…有好处12.onceinawhile偶尔13.seeadoctor/dentist看病/看牙医14.getacold/fever感冒/发烧15.haveastomachache肚子疼16.haveatoothache牙疼17.haveasorethroat嗓子疼18.liedownandrest躺下休息19.drinkhotteawithhoney喝加蜂蜜的热茶20.bestressedout紧张21.listento…听… 22.gettired变的疲劳23.keephealthy保持健康24.atthemoment此刻；目前25.watchTV看电视26.playbasketball打篮球27.babysithersister照看她的妹妹28.visitmyfriend拜访我的朋友29.relaxathome在家放松30.sportscamp运动野营31.somethinginteresting32.gohiking/camping/fishing/shopping/sightseeing去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光33.goaway离开34.getbacktoschool返回学校35.stayforaweek呆一个星期36.gobikeriding骑自行车兜风37.takeswalks散步38.rentvideos租录像带39.sleepalot睡得多40.thinkabout考虑41.takethesubway/bus/boat/plane乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机42.getto到达43.gobybus/plane/boat乘公共车/飞机/小船44.train/subway/busstation火车/地铁/公共车站45.busride乘公共车的旅行46.rideabike骑自行车47.busstop公共汽车站48.onfoot步行49.leavefor离开去…50.schoolbus学校班车51.theearlybus早班车52.bedifferentfrom与…不同53.halfpastsix六点半54.inNorthAmerica在北美洲55.aquickbreakfast快捷的早餐56.needtodo需要做…57.morethan多于58.playsoccer踢足球59.baseballgame棒球比赛60.schoolteam校队61.comeoverto过来到…62.thedayaftertomorrow后天63.begoodat擅长于…64.twoyearsago两年前65.beoutgoing外向的66.allthetime一直67.insomeways在一些方面68.lookthesame看起来一样69.talktoeveryone与大家谈话70.makemelaugh使我笑KeySentenceStructures重要句型：Unit1:1.－Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?－Iusuallygotothemovies.2.－Whatdoeshesometimesdoonweekends?－HesometimessurfstheInternet.3.Howoftendoyouexercise?Iexerciseonceaweek. 4.Howoftendoessheeatvegetables?Sheeatsvegetablesthreetimesaday.5.Mostofthestudentsgotothebeacheveryyear.6.Itmakesabigdifferencetomygrades.7.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.Unit2:1.What’sthematter?What’swrong?What’sthetrouble?2.I’mnotfeelingwell.Ihaveacold/fever/stomachache/sorethroat./Ihavealotofheadaches.3.Maybeyoushouldseethedoctor/dentist.Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.4.Youshouldn’teatanythingfor24hours.5.Don’tgetstressedout.Itwillmakeyousick.6.I’msorrytohearthatyouarenotfeelingwell.Unit31.－Whatisshedoingforvacation?－Sheisbabysittingherlittlesister.－Thatsoundsnice/interesting.2.－Whenareyougoing?－I’mgoingonMonday.3.－Wherearetheygoing?－TheyaregoingtoTibet.4.－Whoisshegoingwith?－Sheisgoingwithherparents.5.－Howlongishestaying.－Heisstayingforaweek.6.－Howistheweatherthere?－I’mhopingtheweatherwillbenice.7.HeisleavingforHongKongthefirstweekinJune.8.Haveagoodtime.Unit4:1.－Howdoyougettoschool?－Igettoschoolbybus.2.－Howdoeshegotowork?－Heusuallywalkstoschool.3.－Howlongdoesittake?－Ittakesabouttwentyminutes.4.－Howfarisitfromhishometoschool?－It’sthreemiles.5.Whatdoyouthinkofthetransportationinyourtown?Unit5:1.－CanyoucometomypartyonWednesday?－Sure,I’dloveto./I’msorry,Ihavetohaveapianolesson.2.－CanshegotothemoviesonSaturday?－No,shecan’t.Shehastohelphermom.3.－CanyougototheconcertonMonday?－Whenisit?－It’satfouro’clockonFriday.4.Thanksalotfortheinvitation. 5.I’mgoingtostudyforatestthisevening.6.What’sthedatetoday?Unit61.PedroisfunnierthanPaul.2.Tinais（alittle）tallerthanTara.3.Iammoreathleticthanmybestfriend.4.Myhairislongerthanhers.5.LiuYingisnotasgoodashersister.6.Insomeways,welookthesame.7.Forme,agoodfriendlikesdoingthesamethingsasme.8.I’mquieterthanmostofthekidsinmyclass,andsoismyfriend.9.Whodoyouthinkshouldgetthejob,RuthorRose?IV.Grammar语法：Unit1:1.表频率的词汇和短语：alwaysusuallyoftenneverhardlyeversometimesseldomonceadaytwiceamonththreetimesaweekeverytwoweeksonceinawhile2.做事情的频率（howoftenyoudothings）:－Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?－IusuallyreadEnglishbooks.SometimesIwalkinthegarden.Ihardlyeverexercise.Ieatvegetablestwiceaweek,butInevereatjunkfood.3.如何提问频率“多久一次”－Howoftendoesheplaytennis?－Heplaystenniseveryday.－Howoftendoyoudrinkmilk?－Idrinkmilkonceaday.－Howoftendotheygotothemovies?－Sometimes.Unit2:1.询问别人身体状况：What’swrongwithyou?What’sthematterwithyou?What’sthetrouble?2.提出建议（giveadviceandmakesuggestions）－What’swrongwithyou?－Ihaveaheadache.－Youshouldgotobedandhavearest.Youshouldn’tworklate.－Ihaveafever. －Youshoulddrinkalotofwater.Youshouldn’tbestressedout.Unit3：一般将来时：1.现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。－Whatareyoudoingforvacation?－I’mvisitingTibet.－WhereareyougoingonMayDay?－I’mgoingtothebeach.－Howmanystudentsarecomingtooutpartytomorrow?－Fifty.2.“begoingto+动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。TheyaregoingtotravelinChina.Lookattheclouds!Itisgoingtorain.－Areyougoingtobeateacherwhenyougrowup?－Yes,Iam.3.用“shall＋动词原形”或“will＋动词原形”表示一般将来时。（shall只用于第一人称）WeshallgotothebeachthisSunday.Mybrotherwillfinishmiddleschoolinayear.Thesebirdswon’tflytothesouthinwinter.Whenwilltheybeginthework?Unit4：谈论如何到达某地，以及以何种方式到达某地。－Howdoyougettothemuseum?－Igettothemuseumbysubway.SometimesIridemybiketothemuseum.注意区别：（1）takethebus=gobybuseg:Itakethebustogettoschool.=Igettoschoolbybus.takethetrain=gobytraineg:Hetakesthetraintogotoschool.Hegetstoschoolbytrain.takethesubway=gobysubwaytakeataxi=gobytaxigoinacar=gobycarrideabike=gobybikewalk=goonfootHow引导的疑问句：1.HowdoesLuciagettowork?（提问方式“如何”） 2.DaveisgoingtotraveltoParisbyplane.Howlongdoesittake?（提问时间长短“多长时间”）3.Howfarisitfromthepostofficetothemuseum?（提问距离“多远”）4.HowoftendoesKateswimintheriver?（提问频率“多久一次”）5.Howoldisthelittleboy?（提问年龄“多大”）6.Howmanycowsarethere?（提问数量“多少”many后跟可数名词）7.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?（提问数量“多少”much后跟不可数名词）8.Howmuchisthedoll?（提问价钱“多少钱”）9.Howtallishisteacher?（提问高度“多高”）10.Howwastheweather?（提问程度“怎样”）Unit5情态动词“can”表示可能性，或现在决定将来的事。练习用“Can…?”发出邀请，接受或拒绝并给出原因：－CanyoucometomypartyonMonday?－Sure,I’dloveto./Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetostudyforatest.－Canshegotothemovies?－No,shecan’t.Shehastodoherhomework.－Canhegotothefootballgametomorrow?－No,hecan’t.Hehasadrivinglessons.－Cantheygototheconcerttonight?－No,theycan’t.Theyarevisitingtheiruncle.Unit6:形容词比较级：形容词比较级是用来表示事物的等级差别。I.形容词比较级的构成：规则变化：1.一般单音节词末尾加－er。tall－tallergreat－greater2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以－le结尾的双音节词只加－r。nice－nicerlarge－largerable－abler 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加－er。big－biggerhot－hotter4.“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加－er。easy－easierbusy－busier5.少数以－er，－ow结尾的双音节词末尾加－er.clever－cleverernarrow－narrower6.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more来构成比较级。important－moreimportantbeautiful－morebeautiful不规则变化：good－betterwell（健康的）－betterbad－worseill－worseold－older/eldermany－moremuch－morelittle（少的）－lessfar（远的）－farther/furtherII.比较级句型：1.比较级＋than……比…较为A＋动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B.两者相比较，A比B更…一些。Iamolderthanyou.MaryishappierthanJane.HisbrotherisyoungerthanI（me）.BeijingismorebeautifulthanWuhan.MysisterhaslongerhairthanTara.Hermotheristhinnerthanherfather.JackistallerthanTom.2.as…asA+动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.表示A和B两者比较，程度相同，“…和…相同”。Myuncleisastallasyourfather.TomisashonestasJohn.Mydogisasoldasthatone.A…＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B表示A，B两者程度不同，即A不如B那么…Myuncleisnotastallasyourfather.TomisnotashonestasJohn.Thisjacketisnotascheapasthatone.3.thesameas与…相同。Myfriendisthesameasme.Wearebothquiet.Agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.友情提示：本文中关于《初二上册英语语法总结》给出的范例仅供您参考拓展思维使用，初二上册英语语法总结：该篇文章建议您自主创作。