中考英语语法专题 宾语从句讲解练习(无答案) 试题 7页

宾语从句一、宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在复合句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1.引导宾语从句的连接代词和连接副词的选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。二、宾语从句的引导词从属连词含义或指代在从句中充当的成分that无含义不充当成分，可省略whether/if“是否”不充当成分连接代词who主格whom宾格whatwhichwhose代人代人代物代人、代物代人、代物主语、宾语、表语宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语、定语主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词whenwherewhyhow代时间代地点代原因代方式时间状语地点状语原因状语方式状语三、用法1、宾语从句的引导词（1）that无意义，不充当成分，常可省略。Bettythinksthattreesimprovestheair.贝蒂认为树可以改善空气。Ihopethatitwillsnowthiswinter.我希望今年冬天能下雪。Ibelievethatwe’llbecomegoodfriends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。注：that引导的宾语从句跟在think,believe,suppose, expect等表示个人意见的词（认为、相信、觉得、以为）后，且主句主语是第一人称时，句子的否定应体现在主句上。比如：Idon’tthinkhehastimetoplaychesswithyou.我认为他没有时间和你下棋。Idon’tsupposeitistherushhouryet.我想还没到上下班的高峰期。（2）whether/if“是否”，不充当成分。Ican’trememberwhether/ifIhaveseenhimbefore.我记不清以前是否见过他。Heaskswhether/ifwewillgofishingonSunday.他问周日我们是否会出去钓鱼。Tomwantstoknowwhether/ifheneedstocomeearlytomorrow.汤姆想知道明天他是否有必要早来。Hedoesn’tknowwhethertheywillplanttreesonSaturdayornot.他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。注：l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。例：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.2宾语从句中有ornot时不用if引导。例：Idon’tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.3和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。例：Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothereornot.（3）连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whoseDoyouknowwhoisthemonitorofClassTwo?你知道谁是2班的班长吗？Canyoutellmewho/whomyouaregoingwith?你能告诉我你要和谁一起去吗？Idon’tknowwhatthegirl’snameis?我不知道那个女孩叫什么。Doyouknowwhichclassheisin?你知道他在哪个班吗？Iwanttoknowwhosebagitis.我想知道这是谁的书包。（4）连接副词：when,where,why,howDoyouknowwhenwewillholdthesportsmeeting?你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗？ Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretheyshouldgofortheholiday.他们还没有确定到什么地方去旅行。Ican’tunderstandwhytheylikecomputergamessomuch.我不理解他们为什么如此喜欢电脑游戏。Heaskedhowtheywenttotheairportyesterday.他问他们昨天怎么去的机场。Ican’timagehowexcitedtheywere.2、宾语从句的三种情况（1）作动词的宾语Everyoneknowsthatheisagoodstudents.（2）作介词的宾语。比如：Thisdependsonhowhardyouwork.（3）作形容词的宾语。比如：Theyaresurethattheycandothejobwell.3、宾语从句的时态主句从句一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时4、宾语从句的时态转换一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时 随堂练习（一）改写句子1.Heisagoodstudent.Ithink________________________________.Ithought_________________________________.2.Heoftendoessportsintheafternoon.Iknow________________________________.Iknew________________________________.3.Theearthcirclesthesun.Ourteacheroftentellsus________________________________.Ourteachertoldus________________________________.1.Isheateacher.Iwanttoknow________________________________.Iwantedtoknow________________________________.2.Doesheoftengotoschoolbybus?Canyoutellme________________________________.Couldyoutellme________________________________.3.Haveyouheardfromhim.Canyoutellme________________________________.Iwantedtoknow________________________________.4.Willyouencouragehimtogosurfing.Canyoutellme________________________________.Ididn’tknow________________________________.5.IshedecoratingtheChristmasTreeornot.Iwanttoknow________________________________.Ididn’tknow________________________________.1.Whereareyoufrom? Iwanttoknow________________________________.Iwantedtoknow________________________________.2.What’syourname?Iwanttoknow________________________________.Ididn’tknow________________________________.3.What’sthepopulationofChina.Iwanttoknow________________________________.Iwantedtoknow________________________________.4.Whydidyouplantthetreeinthegarden.Pleasetellme________________________________.5.Whenareyougoingtohavethemeeting.Iwanttoknow________________________________.Iwantedtoknow________________________________.（二）区别1.Whoareyouwaitingfor?Iwantedtoknow________________________________.Whoiswaitingforyou?Iwantedtoknow________________________________.2.Whatisyourfavouritesport?Iwanttoknow________________________________.Whatmakeyoucry?Iwantedtoknow________________________________.3.Howmanystudentsarethereintheclass.Iwonder________________________________.HowmanystudentshavebeentotheGreatWall.Didyouknow____________________________.Howmanystudentsdoyouhave?Iwondered______________________________.4.Whichcoatdoyouwanttobuy?Iwanttoknow____________________________.Whichcoatcostyoufiveyuan.Pleasetellme____________________________. （三）选择填空1.—Doyouknow_____?I’mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon’tknow.AwheredoesMrLiliveBwheredidMrLiliveCwhereMrLilivesDwhereMrLilived2.—Doyouknow_____?—He’sTom’sfather.A.whoisheB.whatheisC.what’sheD.whoheis3.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_____gettotheplane?—Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC.whencanweD.whenwecan4.It’snotpolitetoaskpeople_____inEngland.A.howmuchmoneytheyhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldarethey5.Didhetellyou_____attheschoolgate?A.whohewaitedforB.whoheiswaitingC.whodidhewaitforD.whohewaswaiting6.—Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottle.Doyouhear_____Isaid,David?—Yes,mum.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if7.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if8.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?—Hetoldmethathe_____intheDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit9.—Idon’tknowifhe_____.—Hewillcomeifit_____.Acomes;won’trainBwillcome;doesn’trainCcomes;doesn’trainDwillcome;won’train10.—CanIhelpyou?—Yes,canyoutellme_____? AhowcanIusethetelephoneBwhereisthewashingroomCwhichisthemostpopularbookDwhenistheshopclosed11.Iwantedtoknow_____.AwhichroomdidTomliveBwhichroomdidTomliveinCwhichroomTomlivedDwhichroomTomlivedin（4）汉译英语以what连接的宾语从句可以翻译成“所……的”，相当于汉语中的的字结构。1.我喜欢他喜欢的，我讨厌他讨厌的。_________________________________________________2.我想吃昨天他给我的。____________________________________________________3.Ican’tbelievewhathesaid=Ican’tbelievehis____________.4.他所说的话使我惊奇。_____________________surprisedme.（5）疑问词连接的宾语从句有时可以转换成疑问词加动词不定式1.Idon’tknowwhichcoatIshouldbuy=Idon’tknow________________________.2.PeasetellmehowIcangettothestation.=Pleasetellme_____________________thestation.3.Idon’tknowwhatIwillsay.=Idon’tknow_____________________.5.CouldyoutellmewhichsweatIshouldbuy?Couldyoutellme_____________________?6.Itoldhimhowhecouldworkitout.=Itoldhim______________________.