高中英语语法系统复习—六动名词 14页

高中英语语法系统复习—六动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+-ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。时态/语态主动被动一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten6.1动名词作主语、宾语和表语1）作主语。例如：　　FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。　2）作宾语　　a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider认为delay耽误deny否认detest讨厌endure忍受enjoy喜欢escape逃脱fancy想象finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推迟practice训练recall回忆resent讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议face面对include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive宽恕keep继续例如：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗　Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。　　　　　b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttosticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudofbebusycan"thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkofburstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin 3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如：Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：Sheiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如：boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸点awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉机6.2worth的用法worth,worthy,worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。1.worth：beworth+n.　当名词为金钱时，表示"……值得……"常见的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoing　beworthdoingsth.　"……某事值得被做"　　Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这问题不值得反复讨论。2.worthy：beworthyof+n.　当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"　beworthytobedone"某事值得被做"　　Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.3.worthwhile：beworthwhiletodosth　"值得做某事"　　Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。典型例题Itisnot____todiscussthequestionagainandagain.A.worth　B.worthy　C.worthwhile　D.worthwhile答案C.由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组beworthwhiletodosth.。选C。6.3动名词、不定式、分词练习1.Iwas______worklastweek,butIchangedmymind.A.tostartB.tohavestartedC.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting 2.Iintended______thematterwithyou,butIhadsomeguestshen.A.discussB.discussingC.havingdiscussedD.tohavediscussed3.Don’tletmecatchyou______.A.dothatagainB.todothatagainC.doingthatagainD.donethatagain4.Therearemanykindsofmetals______.A.eachhasitsspecialpropertiesB.onehasitsspecialpropertiesC.eachhavingitsspecialpropertiesD.havingitsspecialproperties5.It’spay-day,andthey’rewaiting______.A.forpayingB.tobepaidC.tobepayingD.tohavepaid6._______trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.A.ThenrathercauseB.RathercausingC.RatherthancauseD.Ratherthancaused7.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas______makeevenhisvictimslaugh.A.soastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat8.Childrenwithparentswhoseguidanceisfirm,consistent,andrationalareinclined______highlevelsofself-confidence.A.possessB.havepossessedC.topossessD.possessing9.Theworkeris______inrepairingthemachinetonoticemycoming.A.toobusyB.enoughbusyC.busytooD.busyenough10.“Whatdidyoudointhegarden?”“Iwatchedmyfather______hismotorbike.”A.torepairB.repairedC.repairingD.repairs11.Wemusthaveanengineer______theworkersbuildthehouse.A.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.seen12.Inductionmeans______ageneralconclusionfromspecialfacts.A.tocometoB.tocomingC.comingtoD.came13.I’mnotgoingtoasktheteacherwhyhegavemethatgrade;Iintend_______.A.toletrestthematterB.themattertobeletrestingC.lettingthemattertorestD.toletthematterrest14.Ihavetried_______worryingaboutit. A.tostopconsciouslyB.toconsciouslystopC.toconsciousstoppingD.tostoppingconsciously15.“Doyouwanttogiveatalkonthatsubject?”“Iprefer______.”A.notwantB.notwantingC.tonotgivingD.notto16.I_______thetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.A.cannotbutadmitB.cannothelpbuttoadmitC.cannotbutadmittingD.cannothelpbutadmitting17.Sincesheisangry,we______.A.hadbetterleavingheraloneB.shouldleaveheraloneC.mightaswellleaveheraloneD.hadratherleaveheralone18.Idon’tallow______inmyofficeandIdon’tallowmyfamily______atall.A.tosmoke…smokingB.smoking…tosmokeC.tosmoke…tosmokeD.smoking…smoking19.Youshouldremember______fromthepointwhenyouarewritingacomposition.A.don’twanderB.nottowanderC.nowanderingD.notwander20.Graceadvisedustowithdraw______.A.soastogetnotinvolvedB.soasnottogetinvolvedC.sothattogetnotinvolvedD.asnottogetinvolved21.Heranallthewayuptothestation______thatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.A.inordertofindB.soastofindC.onlytofindD.suchastofind22.Georgewenthuntingforaweekbutstillhedidn’tfindaroom______.A.toliveB.toliveinC.forlivingD.tobelivingin23.Youshouldreallyavoid______athomealoneasheisoldandill.A.yourfatherstayB.yourfathertostayC.yourfather’sstayingD.yourfatherwhostays24.Johndidn’twanttorisk______wetashehadonlyonesuit.A.gettingB.togetC.beinggotD.tobegotten25.I’mdisappointedwiththenewofficerselectedinourclub,butthereisnopoint_______aboutit. A.toworryB.inworryingC.withusworryingD.ifweworry26.Itwon’tbeanyuse______toborrowanymoremoney.A.youtotryB.ofyourtryingC.tryingyouD.yourtrying27.Thelawrequiresallcars_______forsafetyandefficiency.A.beingtestedregularlyB.toberegularlytestedC.beregularlytestedD.regularlytested28.Iremember______tothezoobymyfatherwhenIwaslittle.A.beingtakenB.takingC.havebeentakenD.tohavetaken29.Icompletelyforgot______thefrontdoorlastnightandfeelfortunatethatnothingisstolen.A.lockingB.beinglockedC.tolockD.tohavelocked30.Iregret______youthatyourapplicationhasbeenrefused.A.informingB.beinginformedC.tobeinformedD.toinform31.Ididn’tmean______anything,buttheseappleslookedsogoodIcouldn’tresist______one.A.toeat…tryingB.toeat…totryingC.eating…totryD.eating…totrying32.Iknowitisn’timportantbutIcan’thelp______aboutit.A.buttothinkB.thinkingC.thinkD.tothink33.Theship,______toashapelesswreck,washardlyrecognizable.A.beingreducedB.reducingC.reducedD.havingbeenreducing34.Theyoungdoctorcouldnotsleepatnight,histhoughts______himnopeace.A.gaveB.givingC.beinggivenD.togive35.Afteralongwalkonahotday,onefeels______.A.exhaustiveB.exhaustingC.exhaustD.exhausted36.Thoserelativesofhisare______.Idon’twanttohaveanydealingswiththem.A.boringpeopleB.boredpeopleC.peoplehavingboredD.peoplehavingboring37.Youmustfollowthedirectionsexactlyandifyoubecome______,youmusttakethetimetogobackagainandrereadthem.A.toconfuseB.confusingC.confuseD.confused38.ThereissomethingwrongwithmyTVset,Imusthaveit______.A.checkingB.checkC.tocheckD.checked 39.Hewasjustabouttojumpupwhenhefeltsomething______nearhisfeet.A.tomoveB.moveC.movingD.moved40.______withthecorrespondingperiodoflastyear,theoutputofchemicalfibersinthefirstquarterroseby15%.A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Compare41.“Wastherallysuccessful?’“No,becausethenumberof______wassmallerthanwehadexpected.”A.peoplewhoattendB.attendedpeopleC.peopleattendingD.attendanceofpeople42.UncleDickhasalreadyarrive.Doyouexpect______toseehim?A.GoingB.goC.togoD.thatyougo43.FromtheelectricrefrigeratorDicktakesacartonofcream,anotheroffreshmilkandacanof______orangejuice.A.frozenB.frozeC.freezingD.freezed44.Hefeltbadfor______achancetostudyabroad.A.havingnotgivenB.nothavinggivenC.havingnotbeengivenD.nothavingbeengiven45.Insomecountriestherearealreadyanumberoffirms______computerprogramming.A.specializeinB.specializedinC.specializinginD.specializesin46.Theyoungmanwhosawthecar______intotherivertelephonedthepolicestation.A.plungeB.plungedC.wasplungingD.toplunge47.Whileshewasshopping,shekept______thelisttomakesureshehadn’tforgottenanything.A.checkedB.checkingC.tocheckD.check48.You’dbetter______.A.tohaveyourshoesmendedB.tohavemendedyourshoesC.haveyourshoesmendedD.havingyourshoesmended49.Themachinesaremade______atfullspeed.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.tobeworked50.Itiscertainthatmenwillneverstop______newenergysourcestopowertheirgrowingindustry. A.findingB.tofindC.havingfoundD.found51.Itisreallyquiteextraordinarythatweshouldhavebeenatthesamecollegewithout______before.A.metB.beingmetC.havingmetD.havingbeenmet52.ProfessorSmithissaid______anotherimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.A.havingmadeB.havingbeenmadeC.tohavemadeD.tomake53.Withoutthesun’slight______theearth’ssurface,itwouldbesocoldthatlifecouldnotexistontheearth.A.warmsB.warmedCc.warmingD.towarm54.Therocketwillweighabout200tonswhen______.A.beingcompletedB.completedC.completingD.havebeencompleted55.Thereareplans______anumberofatomicpowerstationinthisregions.A.tobuildB.tobebuiltC.buildingD.beingbuilt56.Allofusarelookingforwardto______atriptotheMingTombs.A.makeB.makingC.tomakingD.havemade57.Ican’tunderstand______adecisionuntilitistoolate.A.himtopostponetomakeB.hispostponingtomakeC.himtopostponingmakingD.hispostponingmaking58.Iwouldlike______thatIdon’thaveaveryhighopinionofyou.A.tohaveyouknowB.haveyouknowC.tohaveyourknownD.havingyouknow59.Ihadintended______himwhilehewaslivingatAberdeen.A.visitingB.visitC.tohavevisitedD.havingvisited60.Doyouconsiderbetter_______?A.notdoingitagainB.notdoitagainC.nothavingdoneitagainD.nottodoitagain61.Thefamousscientistwaseasy_______alongwith.A.togetB.forgettingC.gettingD.got62.Thestudentswillhavemorediscussionslikethisintheweeks______.A.comingB.tocomeC.comeD.tobecoming 63.Hefeltlonelyatfirst,butafteratimehegot______aloneandevengot______it.A.usedtoliving…tolikeB.usedtolive…tolikeC.usingtolive…likingD.tobeusedtoliving…liking64.Ourmasterraisedhisvoicesothatthecouldmakehimself______bythepupilsinthebackofthehall.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD.tobeheard65.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself______inthehospitaland______byanoldwoman.A.lying…beinglookedafterB.lying…belookingafterC.lie…belookedafterD.lie…beinglookedafter66.______fromthehill-topthelakesceneryisbeyonddescription.A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SeenD.Havingseen67.______inthestrangeforest,thepoorgirlsfellto______.A.Lost…cryingB.Lost…cryC.Tolost…cryD.Havingbeenlost…crying68.They’llhaveyou______ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.A.tobearrestedB.arrestC.arrestedD.beingarrested69.Allflights______becauseofthestorm,theydecidedtotakethetrain.A.havingcancelledB.werecancelledC.havebeencancelledD.havingbeencancelled70.AlthoughitwasverylatewhenJohnbegandoingthejob,hemanagedwithhisfriend’sassistance,______beforethebuildingwaslocked.A.tobefinishedB.beingfinishedC.finishingD.tofinish71.Despitetheearnesteffortsofvariousprivategroupsaswellasgovernmentagencies,manyoftheproblemshavenotyetbeensolved,andmuchremainsto______.A.havebeendoneB.bedoneC.havedoneD.do72.______thatbadweatherwasontheway,theclimbersdecidedtoputofftheirattemptonEigeruntilthefollowingweek.A.HavingtoldB.BeingtoldC.TellingD.Havingbeentold73.MembersoftheGovernmentitselfacknowledgemanyoftheirpredictions_______wildlyover-optimistic.A.tobeB.beingC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen 74.Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers______amatchwithoutastandardcourt.A.objectedtohavingB.objectedtohaveC.wereobjectedtohaveD.wereobjectedtohaving75.Theteacherdoesn’tpermit______inclass.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.tohavesmoke76.IlikewatchingTV______tothecinema.A.morethantogoB.morethangoingC.thangoingD.ratherthantogo77.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.informedC.oninformingD.informing78.Mrs.Brownissupposed______forItalylastweek.A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tobeleavingD.tohavebeenleft79.Dorothywenttoworkquietly,______toworkashardasshecould.A.hermindbeingmadeupB.withhermindmadeupC.withhermindmakingupD.hemindmakingup80.Husbandandwifewithacommondutytothecountrywillfindthemselves______closertogether.A.beendrawnB.drawnC.todrawD.drawing81.Herewefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemed______blownoffthemountain.A.tohavebeenB.thatitwasC.tobeD.thatithadbeen82.______halfwaythroughtheexercise,theteacherchangedhismindandcollectedallourpapers.A.WhenonlybeingB.WhenwewereonlyC.BeingonlyD.Havingbeen83.Somepassengersarereadingthemorningpaper,othersaretalkingwithoneanother,______nervouslyforthetrain.A.towaitB.arewaitingC.waitingD.beingwaited84.There’sonethingIdislikeabouthim:hewillneveradmit______amistake.A.havingmadeB.makingC.beingmadeD.havebeenmade 85.Stanspenthalfayear______materialforhisnewbook.A.tocollectB.collectC.collectingD.collected86.It’snouse______menottoworry.A.youtellB.yourtellingC.foryoutohavetoldD.havingtold87.Thechairmaninsiststhattherebeameeting_______withintheshortestpossibletime.A.toholdB.tobeheldC.tohavebeenheldD.tobeholding88.Whenthefamouspianistwasachild,hewasaccustomed______forseveralhoursaday.A.topracticingB.topracticeC.tobepracticingD.tohavepracticed.89.InChinahundredsofdifferentdialectsarespoken;peopleofsomevillages______themselvesunderstoodbytheinhabitantsofthenexttown.A.makingtroublehaveB.havemakingtroubleC.havetroublemakingD.troublemakinghave90.It’sawonderfulplaceforanyone______inarchitecture,asyouare.A.interestingB.tobeinterestedC.beinginterestedD.interested91.Anotherfeatureworth______istheroleofinformationthroughoutafeedbackcontrolsystem..A.noticedB.noticingC.beingnoticedD.notice92.Ibelieve______verylargelyduetomistakenviewsoftheworld.A.thisunhappinessareB.tobethisunhappinessC.thisbeunhappinessD.thisunhappinesstobe93.Whentheymet,Leonardsandhisenemywerefighting______.A.killedeachotherB.tokilleachotherC.killingeachotherD.tobekilledeachother94.Beforetheinventionofaero-planes,______intheskylikeabirdwasonlyadream.A.menflyB.toflyC.forflyingD.manflys95.Atlasttheysucceeded______thejob.A.topersuadehimtotakeB.inpersuadinghimtotakeC.topersuadehimtakingD.inpersuadinghimtaking96.Allthatitdoesis______theplaceofahousewife.A.takesB.takingC.takeD.beingtaken97.Helistenedtome______whatMr.Smithhadsaidthedaybefore. A.torepeatB.toberepeatedC.torepeatingD.repeat98.Hecoulddolittleexcept______.A.writingB.writeC.writtenD.towrite99.Theelectricshaver______beforeitcanbeused.A.needsrepairingB.requirestorepairC.shouldbeinrepairD.hastoberepairable100.______aproblemrequiringmultiplicationordivision,thecomputersolvesitbyaddingorsubtracting.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.BeinggivenD.Given101.YoucanflytoLondonthisevening______youdon’tmindchangingplanesinParis.A.providedB.exceptC.unlessD.sofaras102.Studentsfromthesouthprefer_______.A.eatricethanbreadB.eatingricethanbreadC.eatingricetoeatingbreadD.eatingricetoeatbread103.Wouldyoube______tohelpmewithmyluggage?A.enoughkindB.kindenoughC.tookindD.kindtoo104.Thefatheradvise______thesecond-handcar.A.hissontonotbuyB.hissonnottobuyC.hisson’snobuyingD.thathissonnottobuy105.“Doyouintendtocomewithus?”“Yes,______.”A.IintendsoB.IintendthatC.IintendtoD.Iintend106.Ittakesawholeyearfortheearth______roundthesunonce.A.travelingB.totravelC.traveledD.travels107.Thefactory______nextyearwillbeoneofthelargestinthiscity.A.tobuildB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.havingbeenbuilt108.Withtheguide______theway,wesetoffonfootintothedarknight.A.leadingB.ledC.leadsD.tolead109.Theygotthework______beforetherainyseasonsetin. A.todoB.doneC.doingD.did110.Thingsareknown______whentheyunitewiththeoxygenoftheair.A.burningB.toburnC.burnD.beingburning111.Hewasthoroughlyashamed______somuchmoneyonsuchanuglypicture.A.forspendingB.withspendingC.tohavespentD.ofhavingspent112.______oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtotheSouth.A.TobefreeB.FreeingC.TofreeD.Freed113.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper______inbroaddaylightyesterday.A.toberobbedB.robbedC.tohavebeenrobbedD.havingbeenrobbed114.Thereseemedlittlehopethattheexplorer,______inthetropicalforest,wouldfindhiswaythroughit.A.tobedesertedB.havingdesertedC.tohavebeendesertedD.havingbeendeserted115.“WhereshouldIsendmyapplication?”“ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace______.”A.tosentitB.sentittoC.tosendittoD.forsendingit116.Thepublisherwillsendyouaspecimencopyoftheirnewbook______.A.whenitwillberequestedB.whentheyarerequestedC.whenrequestedD.whenrequestit117.Romeisthecity______.A.IrathermostliketovisitB.I’dmostliketovisitC.I’mrathertovisitmostDI’dprefermosttovisit118.There______nofurtherbusiness,themeetingcametoastop.A.beingB.wasC.beenD.hadbeen119.Pleaseremindme______someeggsforthecomingparty.A.buyB.tobuyC.ofbuyingD.forbuying120.Don’tsayanythingatthemeetingunless______.A.askingB.askedC.beingaskedD.tobeasked121.Theradioannouncedthatallflights______havebeencancelledbecauseofthefog. A.gooutB.goneoutC.goingoutD.willgoout122.What’stheuse______extraleisuretimeifyoudon’tknowwhattodo?A.haveB.tohaveC.beinghaveD.ofknowing123.______mathematicalconceptsofsomestudentswasverydifficultbecausethestudentsdidnothaveamathbackground.A.ExplainB.ExplainingC.HaveexplainedD.Havingexplained124.AlthoughJohnwastheoldestinthefamily,healwayslethissister_____chargeofthehouse.A.totakeB.takingC.takeD.taken125.Commercialbanksmakemostoftheirincomefrominterest______onloansandinvestmentinstocksandbonds.A.earnB.earnedC.toearnD.wasearned126.AmeliaEarhart,thefirstwoman______asoloflightacrosstheAtlanticOcean,wasbornin1898.A.makesB.madeC.makingD.tomake127.Itisimpossiblefortheplan______.A.toputintopracticeB.nottoputintopracticeC.tobeputintopracticeD.tobenotputintopractice128.______iswhatshewantstoknow.A.WhotodoitB.WhomtodoitC.WhodoesitdoD.Whomdoingit129.Mywifesuggested______toScotlandforaholiday,butIfavor______Walesinstead.A.togo…tovisitB.going…visitingC.togo…visitingD.going…tovisit130.Thereareseveral______leavesontheground.A.fallingB.fallenC.tofallD.fell答案： 1B2D3C4C5B6C7B8C9A10C11B12C13D14B15D16B17D18D19B20B21C22B23C24A25B26D27B28A29C30D31A32B33C34B35D36A37D38D39C40C41C42C43A44D45C46A47B48C49C50A51D52C53C54B55A56B57D58A59B60D61A62B63A64B65A66C67A68C69D70D71B72D73C74A75B76B77B78A79B80B81A82B83C84A85C86B87B88A89C90D91B92D93B94B95B96C97D98B99A100D101A102C103B104B105C106B107B108A109B110B111D112D113C114D115C116C117B118A119B120B121C122D123B124C125B126D127C128A129B130B