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初中英语语法梳理和提高——冠词综合讲解练习和答案冠 词 冠词分为不定冠词(a,an)和定冠词(the) 知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点! 一、不定冠词的用法 1)用与可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一种类:例如: Sheisagirl. Passmeanapple,please. 2)、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。例如: Aboyiswaitingforyou Weworksixdaysaweek. 3).表示"一"这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈.例如: WearegoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomorrow. Ihaveamouth,anose,twoeyesandtwoears. 4).用于某些固定的词组中.例如: afew,alittle,alotof 注:用a还是an,要看后面的词读音以辅音开头还是以元音开头. 二、定冠词的用法 1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物.例如:thephotooftheboy 2)指双方都知道的人或物.例如: -Wherearethenewbooks,Jim? -Theyareonthesmalltable. 3) 指上文提过的人或物.例如: Todayheismakingamachine.6
Hewantstoridethemachinelikeabikeandflyitlikeaplane. 4).用在世界上独一无二的事物前.例如: Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon. 5).用在序数词或形容词最高级前.例如: Thefirsttruckiscarryingafewbaskets. Thethirdoneiscarryingthefewestofall. 6).用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如: theGreatWall theNorthStreetHospital 7).用在一些习惯用语中.例如: inthemorning(afternoon,evening), ontheleft(right) attheendof 三、不用冠词的情况 1)在专有名词前和不可数名词前。例如: China,GradeTwo,BillSmith,milk 2)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,some,any等代词。例如: Theletterisinherpocket. Ithinktheshopisclosedatthistimeofday. 3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如: Myfatherandmotherareteachers. Ilikecakes. 4)在星期、月份、季节、节日前。例如: ItisSunday(Monday,Tuesday,etc.)6
TodayisMid-AutumnDay. Itiscoldinwinter. 5)在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如: UncleWanglikesmakingthings. WhatcolourareMrsGreen"sshoes? 6)在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。例如: Hewenttoschoolafterbreakfast. Canyouplaybasketball? 注:在某些固定词组中,如:athome,bybus,gotoschool等的名词前不用冠词。 例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松! 1._______milkisfood.________milkinthiscuphasgonebad. 2.---Doyoulikeplaying_________football? ---Yes.ButIhaveonly_________basketball. 3.Doyouknow_______girlon________anothersideof________lake? 4.There"s________"u"and________"s"in________work"use". 5.Shesays________animalscant"slivewithout__________air,either. 6.Hisfather,whois________honestman,isteachingin________university. 7.Whichisheavier,________elephantor________horse? 8.________coldwindwasblowingfromthenorth. 9.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_________oldand________young. 10.________Greensaretravelingin_________SouthChina. 11.Although________mostofusliketodrinkbeer,thosewhodrink________mostare_______ leasthealthy. 12.Xiaomeisaw_________interestingfilmlastnight.________filmwasabout_________kinddoctor.6
13.Youcanhave_________secondtryifyoufail_______firsttime. 14.Tomwentto_________schoolasusual,buthedidn"tknowhisfatherwentto________schoolforaparentmeeting. 15.________knowledgebeginswith_________practice. 解析:1./,the (milk是物质名词,一般不用冠词, 但后面加上一个定语inthecup后,使其成为特指,所以需要用定冠词the.) 2./,the (球类运动前不用the;指一个物体要用不定冠词a) 3.the,/,the(特指这个女孩用the;名词前已有定语another;) 4.a,an,the("u"发音以辅音开头所以用a;"s"发音以元音开头所以用an;特指这个单词用the) 5./,/(泛指动物所以不用任何冠词;air不可数名词,其前一般不用冠词) 6.an,the(honest发音以元音开头,故用an,在大学里为intheuniversity) 7.an,a或the,the(不定冠词a,an和定冠词the与名词单数连用表示种类) 8.a(物质名词coffee,food,tea,fog,rain,snow,wind等,在表示 "一种"或 "一场"的意义时,前面要加不定冠词。 9.the,the(形容词前加定冠词,表示一类人) 10.The,/(姓氏的复数前加定冠词the表示一家人;在华南是inSouthChina) 11./,the,the(most当大多数讲时前面不用the;后两空均为形容词的最高级,前面要加the) 12.a,the,a(第一空和第三空都指一个事物,第二空是特指前面提到的电影) 13.a,the(asecondtry指的是第二次) 14./,the(gotoschool去上学, gototheschool去那所学校) 15./,/(具有单纯意义的物质名词或抽象名词前,一般不用冠词) 练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩! 一、在空白处填入a/an或the。 1.---Mum,whatshallwehavefor_______dinner? ---Dumplings.6
---Oh,what_______wonderfuldinner!Ienjoyitverymuch. 2._________PLAwasfoundedon__________August1st,1927 3._______Kingscametousat_________noon. 4.Thescientistsfrom________UnitedStateslivein__________NinthStreet. 5.Thedoctortohim,"Take________medicinetwice________day.Stayin_________bedandyou"llbebettersoon." 6.September10this____________Teachers"Day. 7.MrBlackarrivedhereon__________Tuesdaymorning. 8.Therearefourseasonsin_______year.________firstseasonisspring.Itis__________bestoneof__________four. 9.Somepeoplehavebeento_________moon,in_______spaceship. 10._______Chinais_________oldcountrywith_________longhistory 答案 1./,a 2.the,/3.the,/ 4.the,the 5.the,a,/ 6./ 7./ 8.a,the,the,the 9.the,/ 10../,an,/a 二、选择填空: A./ B.a C.an D.the 1. Theyareliving______happylifenow. 2. ______bagon______deskismine. 3. Thereis______emptyboxonthetable. 4. Doyoulike______musicofthefilm"Titanic"? 5. On______Saturday,Istayin______bedtill12:00. 6. ______BrownshavebeentoChinatwice. 7. Don"tmakeanynoisein______class. 8. Thisissuch______interestingstorythatyoumustlistentoit. 9. NextweektheywillgotoAustraliaby______air.6
10. Whichisbigger,______sunor______moon? Key:1----5BDCDA 6----10DACAD 三、在空白处填入a/an或the。 1.ThismorningIbought_____newspaperand_____magazine._______newspaperisinmybagbutIdon"tknowwhereIput______magazine. 2.Isaw______accidentthismorning.______carcrashedinto______tree.______driverof______carwasn"thurtbut______carwasbadlydamaged. 3.Therearetwocarsparkedoutside:______blueoneand_______greyone._______blueoneismyneighbour"s;Idon"tknowwho______ownerof_______greyoneis. 4.Myfriendslivein_______oldhousein_______smallvillage.Thereis_______beautifulgardenbehind_______house.Iwouldliketohave______gardenlikethat. 1.a,a,Thethe 2.an,a,a,The,the,the 3.A,a,thethe,the 4.an,a,a,the,a6