高考总复习英语语法专项训练十 43页

语法专项训练(十)——it的用法 it的用法可分为两大类:一是代词；二是引导词.1．代词it的用法:(1)用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事物—What’sthis？—It’sapen.语法精讲 (2)代替指示代词this,that(3)表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等HowfarisittoNewYork？It’s400kilometers.it指时间时的重要句型 (1)Itis(high)time(that)主语＋shoulddo/didsth.Itis(high)timethatthisproblemwassolved.(2)Itis...since...Itistwoyearssincehecametoworkinthiscity. (3)Itbe...before...Itwillbethreeyearsbeforewecanmeetagain.2．引导词it的用法it可作引导词,在句中作形式主语、形式宾语及用于强调结构中(一)it作形式主语的常用句型 ①Itis/was＋adj.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.Itwasdifficultforhertomovesoheavyabox.②Itis/was＋adj.＋that...Itwasclearthathewaslyingtous. ③Itis＋v.-ed＋that...Itisreportedthatourteamhaswonthegoldmedal.④Itseems/appears/happensthat...Itseemedthathehadknownthetruth.ItsohappenedthatIwasstandingatthegatewhentheguestsarrived. ⑤Itmatters/doesn’tmatterthat...Itmattersalotwhetherhewillagreetoourplan.⑥Itisnouse/nogood/noharmdoingsth.It’snogoodarguingwithhim. (二)it作形式宾语的常用句型(S指代主语,V指代谓语动词)①S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth.Englishmenconsideritagreathonortobeabletohostthe2012OlympicGames. ②S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋doingsth.Theyfinditnousesearchingtheemptyhouse.Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?③S＋V＋it＋that/when...Idon’tlikeitwhenyoushoutatme. (三)强调句:Itis/was＋被强调部分＋who/that...如下列句子中可对四处划线部分进行强调.WesawTomintheparkyesterday.Itwaswewho/thatsawTomintheparkyesterday.(强调人,可用who或that) ItwasTomwhom/thatwesawintheparkyesterday.ItwasintheparkthatwesawTomyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatwesawTominthepark. 【注意】①Itis...that不能用来强调谓语动词,强调动词要用“do＋动词原形”.如:Docomeearlytomorrow.(明天一定要早点来) Thelittleboydidworkouttheproblem.小男孩的确做出了那个题目)②强调时间、地点、某个事物时都要用that,而不能用when,where,which. Ⅰ.单句填空1．Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_____？”解析:it指前面提到的“水(thewater)”.提升演练it 2．Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult_____wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.解析:it在宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是tochoose....it 3．Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960～1279)wasveryanxioustohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout______dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.it 解析:it代替前文中的(how)tohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.4．Thefactthatshewasforeignmade______difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.解析:it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是其后的不定式短语togetajob....it 5．Thedoctorthought_____wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.解析:因thought后面的是一个宾语从句,由that引导,但that被省略了.空格处填it,用作宾语从句的形式主语,宾语从句真正的主语是foryoutohaveaholiday.it 6．Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuy__________.解析:it指代前面提到过的thishouse.注意it与one的用法区别:it相当于“the＋名词”,指前面提到的同一事物；one相当于“a＋名词”,指相似的同类事物.it 7．Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillage____________thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.that 解析:强调句型itis(was)...that...的用法.注意句中thatshehadboughtinthevillage是修饰supplies的定语从句,不要误认为引导该定语从句的关系代词that为强调句型的结构词that.句意:女主人只是用她在村里买来的一些东西就做出了那样一顿佳肴. 8．John’ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardwork_______hasmadehimwhatheistoday.that 解析:强调句型itis...that...的用法.句意:约翰的成功与好的运气没有关系,是多年的努力工作才使他变成今天这个样子(成就了今天的事业).注:判断一个句子是否是强调句型,可考虑将结构词itis...that...去掉.若去掉后句子仍完整、通顺,则为强调句. 9．_______wasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearthathemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.解析:强调句式:itwasnotuntil...that...(直到……才……).It 10．—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.—Well,maybe_______isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.it 解析:强调句式.其意为“也许重要的不是你读了多少,而是你读了些什么”.句中的count意为“重要”“有重要性”,与动词matter意思相同. 11．Itwasnotuntil1840_______theofficialorganizationknownasthePennyPostwasestablishedinGreatBritainandgaveordinarypeoplecheapandefficientpostaldeliveries.解析:考查强调句.其构成形式是:Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其它.that 12．_____isdifficulttoestimate(估计)thetotalvalueofwhatwasstolenasonlythebank’sclients(储户)knowthecontentoftheirprivatesafes.解析:It作形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式.It 13．...becauseGreecehasnotrequestedanyfinancialsupport,EuropeanCommissionPresidentsaidthismeansthegovernmentbelieves_______doesnotneedthesupport.解析:指代主语thegovernment,故用it.it 14.“Toliberatepeople.Tosetthemfree.BeforeIgotmywheelchair,”sheexplained,“Ihadtroublegettingaround.NowIcangoplaces!HoweverIcanfreepeople,Iwanttodo____.”解析:动词后面缺宾语,填代词it,指代前面提到的Icanfreepeople这件事it 15．Thenexttimeyouareofferedhelp,nomatterwhatthatoffermaybe,donotturn____________down!解析:it指前面的help或thatoffer.turndown意为“拒绝”.it 二、写作运用请根据以下内容写一篇关于Lucy的短文:事件:露茜没有通过英语口语考试,这是很令人惊奇的,她不相信是真的.真遗憾,她竟然没有通过考试！原因:正是她的懒惰导致了她考试失败 打算:意识到努力学习、勤奋操练是很重要的,此后她更加努力学习.现状:她发现练习说英语很有趣而且很有用,她喜欢说一口流利的英语. 【写作要求】1．只能用5个句子表达全部内容.2．尽量多使用it.________________________________________________________________________________________________ Onepossibleversion:ItwasverysurprisingthatLucydidn’tpassheroralEnglishtest,andshecouldn’tbelieveit.However,itwasreallyapitythatshefailedinthetest.Infact,itwasherlazinessthatledtoherfailureinthetest.Thus, sherealizedthatitwasimportantforhertoworkhardandpracticemore,soshehasbeenworkinghardeversince.NowshefindsitinterestingandhelpfultopracticespeakingEnglishandshelikesitwhenshespeaksfluentEnglish. 三、语篇填空用适当的代词完成下面的短文.Manypeoplethinkthatwhen1._____isverycoldtheyneedsomealcoholtokeepthemwarm.Agroupofstrongmenthoughtsowhentheyweretravelingacrosstheplains.2.______waswinteranditit theyhadtospendaterriblenightintheirtentswithoutanyfire.Oneofthemenknewmorethanthe3.________andsaidthat4._____wasnotsafeforanyoneofthemtodrinkwhisky(威士忌)thatnight.Heevensaidthat5._____wasfarmorelikelyforothersitit themtofreezeif6._______drank7._____.Twoof8.________friendsbelieved9._____rightnottodrinkanywhisky.Andthethreetooknowhiskybeforegoingtosleep.Theywerecoldinthenight,buttheywerenotveryuncomfortable.theyithisit Theothersdrankalotofwhiskyandsevenofthemdrankuntiltheyweredrunken,somostofthemweresobadlyfrozenthattheyneverreallygotwellagain,andthesevenwerefrozentodeath. Eachoneofthesemenwasstrongthedaybefore,andeachhadthesamenumberofblanketsthatnight.10.______seemedtobejustthewhiskyandnothingelsethatmadethedifference.Themorethemendrank,themoretheysufferedfromthecold.It 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放