初中英语语法复习(宾语从句) 9页

初中英语语法复习宾语从句考点集汇、讲解和训练【考点扫描】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾精讲】一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.陈述句：由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn"tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.特殊疑问句：由who, 初中英语语法复习宾语从句考点集汇、讲解和训练【考点扫描】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾精讲】一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.陈述句：由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn"tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.特殊疑问句：由who, whom,whose,what,which，when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.—般疑问句：由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)lcouldhelphim.二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn"teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’lIhavethemeeting•三.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idon"tthink(that)youareright.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.HetoIdmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouIdgobacktotheU.S.soon.3•如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如:OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyea「.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.【中考范例】1.（2004年北京市）MissGreendidn"ttellusin2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态。2.（2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题）Wouldyoupieasetellme?A.whendidhecomehomeB.D.whyhedidn"twatchwherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmthegame【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句 在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3.（2004年哈尔滨市中考试题）1don"tknowwhen.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillD.thetrainleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveleave【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。4.（2004年常州市中考试题）…Wedon"tknowwhatheismesfrom—ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.B.ifheliveshereC.wherehecoD.whichcountryishefrom【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。巩固性练习】一.单项填空l.Doyouknowduringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid2.Iwanttoknow.A.whatishisnameB.what"shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis3.Doyou knowIcouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which4.Jimdoesn"tunderstand.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.--CouldyoutellmesheisIookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_yesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome7.Couldyoutellmethebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend8.…I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknowitwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what9.--Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme?…Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.AhowwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice10.…CanIhelpyou?…Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme_taketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.how soonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillitll.Hewantedtoknow.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe"sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheId12.…CouldyoutellmetheBambooGarden?…Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwilIyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouIdvisitl3.Wouldyoupieasetellmenext,Mr.Wang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhatl4.Youcan’timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedl5.IwanttoknowyouwilIcomebackat8:00tomorrow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whetherl6.…Couldyoutellme?…Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeetingl7.…Couldyoutellmelastnight? …Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoingl8.Theteacheraskedthestudents.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywiIIdowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplantedl9.Everymorningthepatientsareaskediftheirtemperaturetaken.A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad2O.It’suptoyoutodecideyou’llgothere,byairorbyroad.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1.李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。LiMingsaysiinterestedinplayingcomputergames.2.我认为玛丽不回来了。Idon"tthinkMary.3.山姆给我说他准备去上海。SamtoldmethatheforShanghai.4.请你告诉我去钟楼怎么走吗?CouldyouteIImeIcangettotheBellTower?5.父亲说他买了一台亲斤电脑。Fathersaidthatheanewcomputer..6.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京 的火车。IwanttoknowthereisatraintoBeijing.7.你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？Doyouknowadoubleroom?8.请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？Couldyoutellmewe"regoingtobeaway?9.叔叔说他正在写一本亲斤小说。Unclesaidthatheanewnovel.10.杰克说他有重要事情要做。Jacksaidhesomethingimportanttodo.【练习答案】一.l.C2.D3.B4.B5.C6.D7.C8.C9.A10.Cll.B12.B13.C14.B15.D16.D17.A18.A19.C20.A二•1.heis2.wilIcome3.wasleaving4.how5.hadbought6.if(whether)7.howmuch8.howlong9.waswriting10.had