高中英语语法复习第一讲 28页

高一学生英语语法复习第一讲词类、句子成分、句子种类一、根据单词的含义、性质和造句过程中的作用把它们分为十大类,每类词汇在句子中都有其特定的位置和作用,因此分清每一个单词的词类对于学好英语具有非常关键的意义.名词:表示人或事物的词(包括专有名词和普通名词)。如：teacher,stduent,Beijing.数词:表示数量和顺序的词。如：eight,first.代词:代替名词和数词的词。如：she,he,these.动词:表示动作和状态的词。如：run,make,look.形容词:是表示人或事物特征的词。如：beautiful,good.副词:修饰动词，形容词，副词的词。如：slowly,much,fast.冠词:与名词连用，是起说明人或事物的作用的词。如：the,a,an.介词:通常置于名词和代词（宾格）之前，表示名词和代词于其他词的关系。如：in,on,about.连词:是一种连接词与词或者句子与句子的词。如：and,but,because.感叹词:是表示说话人的感情或语气的词。如：oh,hey.因为名、动、形，副、代、数不仅有具体的意义而且也28 能够独立做句子成分，我们不妨按照汉语习惯，把它们称作实词；而冠、介、连、叹则为虚词，不能在句子中独立充当任何句子成分。二、句子成分：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。1.主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it28 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2.谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1)简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.3.表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词）Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）28 Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）4.宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等担任。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.5.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make28 等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（从句）6.定语：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修饰的词之后：Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）7.28 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当：Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Waitaminute.（名词）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件状语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语）28 Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步状语）Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）8.同位语：若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，并且，句法功能也一样，那么，后一项称为前一项的同位语。如：ThisismyfriendHarry.这是我的朋友哈利。Westudentsshouldstudyhard.我们学生应该努力学习。9.独立成分：与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系，如插入语、感叹语、呼语等，一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如：He’saniceperson,tobesure.肯定他是一个好人。Strangetosay,hedidpasshisexamafterall.说也奇怪，考试他竟然通过了。三、句子种类（一）按句子的结构可分三种：1.简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.2.并列句：由并列连词（and,but,or，so,for等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.28 Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3.主从复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.（二）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1.陈述句（DeclarativeSentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声速度快。（说明事实）Thefilmisratherboring.这部电影很乏味。（说明看法）2.疑问句（InterrogativeSentences）：提出问题。有以下四种a.一般疑问句（GeneralQuestions）：Canyoufinishtheworkintime?你能按时完成工作吗？b.特殊疑问句（WQuestions;HQuestions）：Wheredoyoulive?你住那儿？Howdoyouknowthat?你怎么知道那件事？c.选择疑问句（AlternativeQuestions）：28 Doyouwantteaorcoffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡？d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：Hedoesn"tknowher,doeshe?他不认识她，对不对？3.祈使句（ImperativeSentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：Sitdown,please.请坐。Don"tbenervous!　别紧张！4.感叹句（ExclamatorySentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：Whatgoodnewsitis!多好的消息啊！（三）基本句型（BasicSentencePatterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1.主语＋谓语本结构是由“主语+不及物动词（词组）”构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：Shecame./Myheadaches./Thesunrises.该句型的主语可有修饰语---定语，如，Theredsunrises.谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.主语＋谓语＋宾语此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。宾语可以是名词、代词、数词，动名词、动词不定式或词组、the+形容词、分词以及从句等。如：ShelikesEnglish.Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.28 3.主语＋连系动词＋表语本结构主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。连系动词有：（1）表示特征和存在状态的be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound等；（2）表示状态延续的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand等；（3）表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow等。Sheishappy./Hefelloffhisbikeandgothurt./Hisadviceproved(tobe)right.4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语常跟双宾语的及物动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise, return,send,show,teach,tell,write,等；（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order, sing,save,spare,等。HesentmeanEnglish-ChineseDictionary.=HesentanEnglish-ChineseDictionarytome.SheboughtJohnabook．=SheboughtabookforJohn.5.主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语28 此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间存在有内在逻辑上的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有名词，形容词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.注：Therebe句型此句型是由there+be+主语+状语构成，用以表达某地存在有，它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际意义。Be与其后的主语在人称和数上一致，有时态和情态变化。如，现在有thereis/are…过去有therewas/were…将来有therewillbe…/thereis/aregoingtobe...现在已经有therehas/havebeen…可能有theremightbe...肯定有theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...过去一直有thereusedtobe…似乎有 thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有 therehappen/happens/happenedtobe…此句型有时可用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive,等词代替be动词。Thereisgoingtobeameetingtomorrow.Therelivedanoldmanatthefootofthemountain.Therecameashoutfor"help".Theremusthavebeenavillagehere.Thereliesabookonthedesk.练习28 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.28 19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：Ihopeyouareverywell.I"mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.28 Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It"sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.四、翻译练习（一）主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）1.你应当努力学习。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我们谈了很多。4.会议将持续两个小时。5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。7.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。8.每天八时开始上课。9.这个盒子重五公斤。28 10.五年前我住在北京。11.让我们立即行动起来。12.乌云低沉沉的，天下着大雪。13.恰好他身边有钱。14.慢慢地她脸上露出了一丝笑容。15.背起书包我急忙赶到学校。16.他满面笑容。17.我英文学得不错。Keys：1.Youshouldstudyhard.2.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3.Thatmorningwetalkedagreatdeal.4.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.6.Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.7.TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.8.Classesbeginateighteveryday.9.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.10.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.28 11.Let’sactatonce/immediately12.Darkcloudshungoverhead,andaheavysnowfell/itsnowsheavily.13.Hehappenedtohavesomemoneywithhim.14.Graduallyasmileappearedonherface.15.Ihurriedtotheschoolwithmyschoolbag.16.Heissmilingalloverhisface./Hewearsasmileonhisface.17.IdidwellinEnglish.（二）主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。3.这本书他读过多次了。4.他们成功地完成了计划。5.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。6.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。7.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。8.Jim还不会自己穿衣服。9.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。10.他不知道说什麽好。28 Keys：1.Iwrotealetterlastnight. 2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes. 4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks. 6.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.7.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia. 8.Jimcannotdresshimself.9.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.10.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.（三）主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋表语）1.我的兄弟都是大学生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。5.孩子们，请保持安静。6.这本书是有关美国历史的书。7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。8.他失业了。28 9.树叶已经变黄了。10.这个报告听起来很有意思。11.商店开到八点。12．机器出了毛病。13．这些努力似乎全都白费了。14．这话听起来有道理。15．房里一会儿就挤满了人。Keys:1.Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3.Mrs.Brownlooksveryhealthy.4.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5.Children,keepquietplease.6.ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7.Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.8.Heisoutofwork.9.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.10.Thereportsoundsinteresting.11.Theshopstaysopentill8o’clock.12.Themachinewentwrong.28 13.Alltheseeffortsseeminvain14.Thesewordssoundreasonable.15.Theroomsoonbecamecrowded.（四）双宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）1．Johnson先生去年教我们德语。2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3.Mary把钱包交给校长了。4.请把那本字典递给我好吗？5.他把车票给列车员看。6.这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。7.我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。 8.RobinsonCrusoe给自己做了一只小船。 9.请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？10.我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？Keys：1.Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.3.Maryhandedthewallettotheschoolmaster.4.Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?5.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.28 6.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.7.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8.RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.9.Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?10.ShallIcallyouataxi?（五）复合宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）1．我们叫她Alice.2.他的父母给他取名为John.3.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。4.他们把门推开了。5.他们把小偷释放了。6.我们要使学校变得更美丽。7.他请我们参加做游戏。8.我要你把真相告诉我。9.卫兵命令我们立即离开。10.明天我要找人来修理机器。11.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。12.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。13.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。28 14.他每个月理一次发。15.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。16.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了17.她正在听人家讲故事。18.男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。19.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。20.他感到很难跟你交谈。21.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。22.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。23.学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。24.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。25.祝一路平安。26.你让我等了三个钟头。27.他捡起了香蕉皮扔到了垃圾箱里。28.给我几分钟考虑一下。Keys：1.WecallherAlice.2.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Theypushedthedooropen.28 5.Theyhavesetthethieffree.6.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.7.Heaskedustojoininthegame.8.Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.9.Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.10.TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepairthemachine.11.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.12.Thepainmadehimcryout.13.Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.14.Hehashishaircutonceamonth.15.I’llgetmyrecordermended.16.Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.17.Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.18.heboyswerewatchingthesoldiersdrilling.19.Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.20.Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.21.Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.22.Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.23.Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhen28 classbegins.24.Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman25.Wishyouapleasantjourney.26.Youkeepmewaitingforthreehours.27.Hepickedupthebananapeelandthrewitinthedustbin.28.Givemeafewminutestothink.（六）Therebe句型1.今晚没有会。2.这个村子过去只有一口井。3.这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。4.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。5.天气预报说下午有大风。6.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。7.战前这儿一直有家电影院的。8.恰好那时房里没人。9.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。10.公共汽车来了。11.就只剩下二十八美元了。12.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。28 13.铃响了。14.二月份有二十八天。15.最近几年,这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。16.恰好河上有座桥。17.过去这条河上有座桥。18.他的回答应该没有什么可怀疑的。19.山顶上有一个塔。20.十字路口处站着一个警察。Keys:1.Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonight.2.Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.3.Thereis(are)ateacherofmusicandateacherofartintheschool.4.AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.5.Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.66.Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneiontheoffice.7.Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.8.Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.9.Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.10.Therecomesthebus.11.Thereremainedjusttwenty-eightdollars.28 12.Infrontofthecave,therestands(grows)atallpinetree.13.Theregoesthebell.14.Therearetwenty-eightdaysinFebruary15.Recentlytherehavebeengreatchangesinthisvillage.16.Therehappenstobeabridgeovertheriver.17.Thereusedtobeariverovertheriver.18.Thereshouldbenothingdoubtful.19.Therestandsatowerontopofthehill.20.Therestandsapolicemanatthecrossing.五、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.6.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.7.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?28 9.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.10.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.六、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（）.I"mfine,buttired（）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（）.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（）.Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere（）.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden（）.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell（）.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden（）.MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime（）.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy（）.Wecookmeaton28 anopenfireoutside（）.It"sgreat（）!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion（）.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer（）.Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty（）.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates（）.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates（）.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime（）.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina（）?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep（）.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents（）.七、按要求完成下列句子：1.Hedarestotellthetruth.（改为否定句）2.Theyhavelivedhereformorethantenyears.（对画线部分提问）3.Therewillbeasportsmeetattheendofthismonth,____________?（完成反意疑问）4.Youmustbecarefulwithyourpronunciation.（改为祈使句）5.Theywentforawalkaftersupperyesterdayevening.(改为一般疑问句)6.Itisaninterestingstory.（改为感叹句）7.Thismagazinecomesout（出版）everyotherweek.28 （对画线部分提问）8.Theycouldhardlybelievehiswords,__________?（完成反意疑问）9.Themoonisshiningbrightly.（改为感叹句）10.OurEnglishteacherisalwaysencouragingustospeakEnglishinclass.（对画线部分提问）Keys：1.Hedoesn’tdaretotellthetruth.或Hedarenottellthetruth.2.Howlonghavetheylivedhere?3.won’tthere4.Becarefulwithyourpronunciation.5.Didtheygoforawalkaftersupperyesterdayevening?6.Whataninterestingstory(itis)!或Howinterestingthestoryis!7.Howoftendoesthismagazinecomeout?8.couldthey9.Howbrightlythemoonisshining!10.WhoisalwaysencouragingustospeakEnglishinclass?28