江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语语法复习：名词性从句学案 7页

语法专项复习名词性从句名词性从句的概念及分类名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：从属连词：（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whomever、whose、which、whichever连接副词：等★不可省略的连词：1.介词后的连词2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词名词性从句的重难点一、名词性从句的语序（语序）二、名词性从句引导词间的区别1、whether与if的区别whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在以下情况下，whether不能被if取代：⑴whether引导表语从句和同位语从句时⑵在主语从句中，若用it做形式主语，if/whether均可；否则，只用whetherEg.Whetherwewillattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedIthasn’tbeendecidedwhether/ifwewillattendthemeeting.⑶引导介词后的宾语从句时⑷后面跟ornot时⑸后面直接跟动词不定式时Italldependsontheywillsupportus. Hedoesn’tknowtostayornot.Whether与if均可使用的情况⑴引导宾语从句⑵在be+adj.之后Hewasnotsurewhether/ifitisrightornot.2、what与that的区别⑴that引导名词性从句，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；what是连接代词，在从句中充当成分作主语、宾语或表语。除表明具体的内容外，还表……的时间、地点、人、速度等。①madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What.thatC.That;whatD.That;because②----Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem.----Yes,itcouldbe.----Iwonderwecandoaboutit.A.ifB.howC.whatD.thatAmoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.Afterseemedalongtime,hemanagedtoworkoutthisproblem.⑵介词后的宾语从句常用what引导，不用that引导。但在介词besides,except,in后可用that引导宾语从句。由it做形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略。①Criticismandself-Criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.②Henoticedthatthestraightpartofthedancewasdifferentintheafternoonfromithadbeeninthemorning.③Thesuitfittedhimwellthecolorwasalittlebrighter.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.exceptwhenD.besides⑶what/whatever---the+n.+that/which(what/whatever可作前置定语)Pleasegivemewhatbooksyouhave.Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyouprefer.3、wh-ever与nomatter+疑问词的区别 wh-ever既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句；而nomatter+疑问词只可引导让步状语从句。WhateverIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.从句HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.从句三、宾语从句的注意点⑴否定前移think,believe,suppose,expect,guess,imagineetc.⑵若主语的谓语动词是make,find,see等，则把宾语从句置于宾补后，用it做形式主语.Theteachermadeitarulethatweshouldgetupearly.Seetoitthatchildrendon’tcatchcold.⑵that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略。在宾语从句和it做形式主语的主语从句中可省略；但当有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。Shesaid(that)shehadleftschoolandthatherparentswouldfindherajob.⑶固定用法：likeit;dislikeit;haveit;appreciateit一般与if或when引导的从句连用。Ilikeitintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.四、that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别that引导同位语从句时，that是连词，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought等，对前面的名词起补充说明作用，它在从句中不充当任何成分，不能省略，；that引导定语从句时，that是关系代词，在从句中充当主、宾和表语。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamearrivedsoon.从句Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdayistrue.从句巩固练习：1.leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.ThepersonB.AnyoneC.WhoD.Whoever 2.Themerefactmostpeoplebelievenuclearwarwouldbemadnessdoesnotmeanthatitwillnotoccur.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.why3.isnopossibilitywe’llseeyouthisweekend.A.It;thatB.There;thatC.It;whenD.There;when4.Whatapityisyoudidn’tcomeotheparty.A.there;becauseB.it;thatC.he;whenD.that;for5.Hisabilityhasneverbeenindoubt---thequestionisheispreparestoworkhard.A.thatB.ifC.whereD.whether6.Howcloseparentsaretoheirchildrenagreateffectonthecharacteroffthechildren.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.tohave7.Youcan’timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited8.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how9.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for10.Anideaoccurredtohershemightworkoutthemathsprobleminanotherway.A.whoB.whyC.thatD.what11.AnOlympicMarathonis26milesand385yards,approximatelyfromMarathontoAthens.A.distanceB.isthedistanceC.thedistanceD.thedistanceis12.Whendoyouthinkvisitheruncle?A.shewasgoingtoB.shewillgotoC.willshegotoD.she’llgo 13.----Ibelieveyou’vetriedyourbestandyoucancometothetopoftheclass.----Thankyou.A.that./B./;/C.what;thatD./;that14.Thispaintingissplendid,butweactuallyneeditisadifferentmatter.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.how15.FathermadeapromiseIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeabicycle.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.thatif16.Wordcamethestudentswouldputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whentheywouldn’tbebusy.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.whether17.Healwaysthinksofhecandomoreforthepeople.A.whatB.howC.ifD.whatever.18.Thehurricanedestroyedwasinthevillage.A.allB.whatC.thatD.allthat19.wasknowntothemallthatBobhadbrokenhispromisehewouldgivethemarise.A.As;whichB.What;thatC.It;thatD.It.Which20.Thereasonhewaslateforschoolwashehadtosendhismothertohospital.A.that;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because21.WangFenglookedaftertheoldmanawholeyearmovedusall.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhenD.Why22.Isthishotelyousaidweweretostayinyourletter?A.whereB.whichC.inwhatD.inwhich23.TheotherdaymybrotherdrovehisowncardownthestreetatIthoughtwasadangerousspeed. A.asB.whichC.whatD.that24.shecouldn’tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that25teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.whateverD.Whichever26Ihavenotfoundmybookyet;infact,IamnotsureIcouldhavedonewith.A.whetherB.whereC.whatD.when27.Youmaydependonthatallthegoodswillbeshippedabroadintime.A.whichB.itC.whomD.these28.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatterthatI’mtalkingto.A.whoitisB.whoisitC.itiswhoD.itiswhom29.TheythoughtmysuggestionreasonablemoreattentiontoourspokenEnglish.A.thatwepaidB.weshouldpayC.wewouldpayD.thatwepay30Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublictheydoanimportantjob.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which31.theflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayedisI’mespeciallyworriedabout.A.If;whatB.Whether;thatC.When;thatD.Whether;what32Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,wewouldadmithimforashortperiod.A./B.thatC.whetherD.what33.ScientistsbelievenativeAmericansarrivedbycrossingthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberiaandmorethan10,000yearsago.A.thisisAlaskaB.AlaskaisnowC.isnowAlaskaD.whatisnowAlaska34.Aman’sworthliesnosomuchinhehasasinheis.A.that;whatB.what;whatC.that.ThatD.what’that 35----Tellmesomethingaboutyouradventuresintheforest,please.----Welostourwayintheforestandmattersworsewasnightbegantofall.A.what;thatB.it;thatC.it.becauseD.what;because36shewassick,Iwasexpectedtotakeherplacegreatlysurprisedme,forIdidn’thavemuchworkexperience.A.ThatifB.ThatC.IfthatD.If37.Ifyoufeeltiredandsickoffatfood,thatisyouhavetogotothehospitalforamedicalexamination.A.whyB.whenC.whetherD.what38.Ahealthyheartisveryimportantforgivinglifetothefull,atageyouareorwhetheryouareamaleorfemale.A.whatB.whichC.whateverD.whichever39.Theyarejustcollegegraduatesanddon’trealizetostartandrunacompany.A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakes40---Wouldyouliketohaveaswimwithusinthesea?----IwillaskmyparentsA.whethertheywillagreetodoB.iftheyletmegoC.iftheywillletmegoD.whethertheyallowmeto