高中英语语法动词分类之情态动词 4页

高中英语语法动词分类之情态动词一．分类：1．只作情态动词：_________________________________________________________________2．可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：_______________________________________________3．可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：_________________________________________________4．具有情态动词的某些特征：_______________________________________________________二．你能总结出情态动词的用法特征吗？______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________can,could1.表示能力，意为“能，会”Canyouplaybasketball?2.表示请求或允许，多用于口语，意为“可以”，用于疑问句的时候，could比can更委婉。Youcangonow。Could/canyouhelpme?3.表示猜测、怀疑，常用语否定句、疑问句。Hecan’tbeintheclassroom.4.could是can的过去分式，可以表示过去的能力。IcouldsiwmwhenIwassevenyearsold,易混知识：can和beablecan只有一般现在时和一般过去时（could）；beableto有一般现在、过去、将来是。Jimcouldn’tspeakChineselastyear,butnowhecan.Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.can和may表示可能性的区别（1）肯定句表示可能用mayYouhadbetteraskJim,hemayknow.（2）在否定句中，语气肯定用can’t,不肯定用maynotMr.Lican’tbein.HehasgonetoBeijingforaholiday.1.—Shallwegoshoppingnow?—I’mafraid,we__________buyanything.Allshopsareclosed.（05，包头）A.can’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t2--What’swrongwithyou?Youlooksotired．--LastnightI____sleepwell.（05，随州）A．couldn’tB．wouldn’tC．mustn’tD.needn’t3.--Let"sgodancingtonight.--Sorry,I_____.Ihavetogotoameeting.(06,福建南平)A.can"tB.mustn"tC.maynotD.needn"t4.---Listen!IsthatKateplayingthepianointheroom?（06，河北）--No.It______beKate.ShehasgonetoLondon.A.maynotB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.can’t5.---Excuseme,whichisthewaytotheScienceMuseum?---WalkalongDongshanRoad,it’snexttoahospital.________.（07，湖北宜昌）A.Youwon’tpassitB.Youcan’tmissitC.Youdon’tloseitD.Youmustn’tseeit6.Adssometimeshelppeoplelearnmoreaboutnewproducts,butatothertimesads_______telllies.（07，淄博）A.mustB.canC.needD.should7.Theshoes_________belongtoTom,becausethey_________bigforhim.（08，孝感）A.mustn’t;muchtooB.mustn’t;toomuchC.can’t;toomuchD.can’t;muchtoomay，might1.表示推测，意为“可能，也许”，用于肯定句,might比may可能性更小。Hemay/mightcometomorrow.2.表示请求、许可，意为“可以”,用于主语为第一人称的疑问句MayIborrowyourbook?注意：肯定句回答用：Yes,youmay/can.否定句回答用：No,youmustn’t/can’t.3.表示祝愿，祝福Mayyousuccess!易混知识点：maybe和maybemay用在句中：may为情态动词，后加动词原形maybe用在句首，意为“大概，也许”，相当于perhaps1—Howisyourfriendcoming?—I’mnotsure.He_______drivehere.（09，德州） A.mayB.canC.mustD.will2—____________Iborrowthesemagazines?—Sorry,onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.（09，常州）A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need3—Itakesomephotosinthehall?—No,you.（09，广州）A.Can;needn"tB.Must;mustn"tC.Could;won"tD.May;mustn"t4Ifyoumakealotofnoise,you______wakeupDad.（08，泸州）A.mayB.needC.must5—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you_______.You________finishittomorrow.（08，青海）A.mustn"t;mustB.needn"t;mayC.can"t;may6Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.（08，诼鹿）A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tmust(1)表示“必须，应该”Wemustsavewater.(2)表示推测，“一定”Youmustbetired.注意：在疑问句、否定句中一般用can,否定句中也可用may,但maynot表示“可能不”，而can’t表示不可能(3)在否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止例：Youmustn’ttakephotoshere.(4)以must开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用needn’t，表示不需要，不必，相当于don’thaveto-MustIfinishtheprojecttoday?-Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.易混知识点：must和havetohaveto用于强调客观需要，意为“必须，不得不”must用于表示主观的看法，意为“必须，应该”WewillhavetoaskZhangHonginstead.Wemustworkhardatschool.1一Mustwecleantheclassroomnow，MrZhang?一Yes.It_______everyday．（05，贵港、钦州、来宾）A．mustcleanB．cleansC．cleanedD．mustbecleaned2Cars,busesandbikes______stopwhenthetrafficlightisred.（05，北京）A.canB.mustC.mayD.need3---_______Ifinishthecompositioninclass?—No,you__________.（05，呼和浩特）A.Must;mustn’tB.May;needn’tC.Can;can’tD.Must;needn’t4Oh,dear!Didyouwalksuchalongwayonsuchahotday?Sitdownandhaveadrink.You___________betiredandthirsty.（05，山东）A.canB.mustC.mayD.should5.——MustIfinishreadingthebooktoday?——No.You______ifyouhavesomethingelsetodo.（05，扬州）A.mustn’tB.couldn’tC.can’tD.don’thaveto6.—Ican’tstopplayingcomputergames.--Foryourhealth.myboy,I’mafraidyou______.(06,江西)A.can   B.may  C.must  D.haveto7.—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?—Well,ifyou________know,hernameisJoe.（06，甘肃兰州）A.mustB.mayC.canD.shall8.---Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?---No,you_____finishyourhomeworkfirst.（06，浙江舟山）A.mustn’tB.mustC.needD.can’t9．It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack____bebackhomeatthismoment.(07,青岛)A.mustB.needC.couldD.can10.He_______beintherestaurant.Hiscarisjustoutsideit!（07，浙江）A.canB.can’tC.mustD.mustn’tneedneed既是实义动词，也是情态动词：need后加todo说明need为实义动词，用助动词提问或否定。例：Heneedstolookafterhissickmother.Doesheneedtolookafterhissickmother.need后加do说明need为情态动词，用need提问或回答，肯定句回答must,否定句用needn’t例：Youneedn’tcometoschoolsoearly.NeedIcometoschoolealier?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t. 1.You______thelight．It’sbrightenoughhere．Wecanseeeverythingclearly．（05，云南中专）A．mustn’tturnoffB．mustturnonC．needn"tturnonD．mayturnon2You______worryabouthim.Hewillgetwellsoon.（05，南通）A.needn"tB.can"tC.mustn"tD.maynot3.Youhavealreadytriedyourbest,soyou_________worryaboutthematter.06，陕西）A.can"tB.needn"tC.mustn"tD.couldn"t4.---MustIhandinmyexercisebooknow,MrZhao?---No,you______.Youmaygiveittometomorrow.（06，南京）A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.maynot5.—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you_______.You________finishittomorrow.（08，青海）A.mustn"t;mustB.needn"t;mayC.can"t;may6.You________writethepoemdown.Ourteacherwillgiveusacopy.（08，上海）Acan’tBshouldn’tCneedn’tDmustn’t7.—I’malittletired.Let’sgotothezoobytaxi.—We________takeataxi.It’snotfarfromhere.（09，新疆阜康）A.can’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’tshall,should1.Shall用于第一人称表示征求意见、询问ShallIopenthewindow?Shallwehavedinerhere?2.should常用于表义务、责任。Weshouldobeythetrafficrules.1Schools_______allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.（08，资阳）A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could2Thereissomebodyatthedoor.______Igoandseewhoitis?（08，徐州）A.ShallB.MustC.WillD.Would3.--Let"sgoandplayfootball,______?--That"swonderful.（05，南通）A.willyouB.doyouC.won"tweD.shallwewill,would1,will用于第二人称表示询问、请求，也可以表达现在的意愿。Willyoupassthebooktome?Wewilldoanythingforyou.2.would用来表示过去的意愿或委婉询问.Shesaidshewouldfinishit.Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?1.Theteachersaidthatshe____ustotheparkthenextday.（07，陕西工大附中）A.willtakeB.hastakenC.wouldtakeD.istaking2.IfIfindhisphonenumber,I______you.(09.北京)A.tellB.toldC.willtellD.havetold3.John,cleanyourroom.__________?（09.安徽芜湖）A.willyouB.shallweC.don’tyouD.doesn’the4.Frank______afilmifhe’sfreenextSaturday.（05，北京）A.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.willsee5.Ifhe_____,I_____swimmingalone.(06,福建南平)A.doesn"tcome,willgoB.won"tcome,willgoC.willcome,won"tgoD.iscoming,don"tgo6.Don"tworry.I_________youassoonasIfinishmywork.（06，辽宁锦州）　A.help　　　　B.willhelp　　　C.helped　　　　D.washelping7.Don’tforgettoputthebookbackontheshelf,_______?（08，苏州）A.doyouB.don’tyouC.willyouD.won’tyouwouldratherwouldratherdoAthandoB宁可做某事例：Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.1．Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?Iwouldrather_______athomethan_________football．It’stoohotoutside.（07，南京）A．stay；playingB．stay；playC.tostay；toplayD.tostay；playing 2.–Wouldyouliketoplaytabletenniswithme?–Idon’tfeellikeit.Iwouldrather________athomeandwatchTV.（08，上海）AstayBtostayCstayingDstayedusedto1.usedtodo曾经，过去做的事或所处状态例：Iusedtobeshort.Iusedtolistentopopmusic2.疑问句:Didyouusedtodo````?例：Didyouusedtolistentopopmusic?3.beusedtodo与beusedtodoing.beusedtodo表示used是use的被动语态，这个结构表示被用来做···。beusedtodoing表示习惯于做某事例：Thefridgeisusedtosavefood.Sheisusedtosleepingat8.1.He_______listentopopmusic,butnowhe_______dancing.（09，齐齐哈尔）A.isusedto;usedtoB.usedto;isusedtoC.usedto;isusedfor2.Theyoungmanusedto_______towork,butheisusedto________toworknow.（09，江苏宿迁）A.drive;walkingB.drove;walkedC.drive;walksD.driving;walk3.Look,that’sournewschoolbuilding.There____beoldandlowhouses.（06，厦门）A.isgoingtoB.hadC.usedto4．Heusedto_______inthesun，butnowheisusedto______atnight.（07，兰州）A.read，readB.reading;readC.read，readingD.reading;reading5.—________you_______takeabustoschool?—Yes.ButnowIusuallygotoschoolonfoot.(07,山西)A.Did,usetoB.Were,usedtoC.Do,useto