2015届高考英语语法知识点复习学案14 9页

www.ks5u.com2015贵阳市高考英语阅读、阅读表达一轮自练题（8）及答案完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint,however,weallbeginto1_____ourheroesandourneedforthem.Thisleadsustoask:Whatisahero?Despitehuge2_____incultures,heroesaroundtheworld3_____shareanumberofsimilarcharacteristicsthatinstructand4_____people.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryofadventuretotellandacommunitywhowill5_____Butaherogoesbeyondmerefame.Heroesservepowersorprinciples6_____thanthemselves.Likehigh-voltagetransformers,heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedby7_____.Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewho8_____arealherowillexperiencelifewithnewdepth,enthusiasm,andmeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomdotheyserve?Whatarethey9_____toliveanddiefor?Iftheanswerorevidencesuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybe10_____personsbutnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous,butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemore11_____?Heroescanmakethingschange12_____.Theyhavea13_____fromthemountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthecharmtomovethemasses.They14_____newpossibilities.Itmaybepossibleforlarge-scalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswithattractivepersonalities,butthepaceofchangewouldbe15_____andthevisionuncertain.文章大意：文章阐述了什么是英雄，什么样的人才能被称作英雄，同时也讲述了英雄的作用即英雄是改变的催化剂。1.A.laughB.questionC.askD.think【答案】B【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。Laugh嘲笑；question提问；ask问；think想。根据下文Thisleadsustoask，所以我们应该开始询问我们的英雄，故选B。2.A.differencesB.similaritiesC.changesD.suggestions【答案】A 【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。differences不同；similarities相似点；changes变化；suggestions建议。根据anumberofsimilarcharacteristics与similar相反的应是differences，尽管在文化有很大的不同，故选A。3.A.commonB.ordinaryC.generallyD.general【答案】C【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。common共同的，是形容词；ordinary普通的，是形容词；generally通常地，是副词；general通常的，是形容词。尽管在文化有很大的不同，世界各地的文化通常却有一些相似点，故选C。4.A.frightenB.surpriseC.damageD.inspire【答案】D【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。frighten害怕；surprise吃惊；damage损害；inspire产生，鼓励。这些相似点指导和激励着人们，故选D。5.A.listenB.enjoyC.ignoreD.hate【答案】A【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。Listen听；enjoy喜欢；.Ignore忽视；.hate不喜欢。一个英雄有冒险故事可以讲，而且会有一大批的听众。故选A。6.A.poorerB.smallerC.largerDlower【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。poorer更贫穷；smaller更小的；larger更大的；lower下游的。根据下文heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowers；英雄们为比自己更有大的权力和组织服务，故选C。7.A.parentsB.childrenC.neighborsD.ordinaries【答案】D【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。parents父母；children孩子；neighbors邻居；ordinaries普通的人。根据stepitdown可知，英雄们怀着很高的理想，并逐步贴近生活，来让普通百姓接受。故选D。8.A.imitateB.dislikeC.thinkD.select【答案】A【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。imitate模仿；dislike不喜欢；think想；select选择。根据上文Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.；这里选择的是imitation的词根；英雄的生活是值得效仿的"那些效仿真正英雄（一个真正的人物）以一个全新的视角来经历生活,激情和内涵,故选A。9.A.boredB.willingC.hopelessD.doubtful【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。bored厌烦的；willing情愿的；hopeless无希望的；doubtful怀疑的。bewillingtodo情愿做某事；他们活着为了什么，为什么而死?故选B。10.A.admiringB.selfishC.famousD.careless【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。admiring赞赏的；selfish自私的；famous著名的；careless粗心的。根据serveonlytheirownfame，如果结果或者迹象表明他们只是为了自己的名声服务，他们可能是名人但绝不是英雄。故选C。11.A.dreadfulB.meaningfulC.usefulD.thankful【答案】B【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。dreadful可怕的；meaningful有意义的；useful有用的；thankful感谢的。麦当娜和迈克.杰克逊很有名，但是他们让他们的歌迷发现自己生活更丰富了么？故选B。12.A.luckilyB.beautifullyC.quicklyD.awfully【答案】C【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。luckily幸运地；beautifully漂亮地；quickly快地；awfully可怕的。根据常识可知英雄使改革更快。英雄是改革的催化剂。故选C。13.A.visionB.standC.stepD.climb【答案】A【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。vision美景，景象；stand站立；step迈步；climb爬。根据fromthemountaintop，他们居高临下，故选A。14.A.recoverB.createC.instructD.lighten【答案】B【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。recover恢复；create创造；instruct指导；lighten照亮。createpossibilities制造可能；他们制作了新的可能。故选B。15.A.certainB.stableC.weakD.slow【答案】D【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。certain某一；stable牛棚；weak弱；slow慢的。变革的速度会变慢。故选D。阅读理解。AMENTORING(导师制)programisgivinglifechangingopportunitiestoBanburyyouth.YoungInspirationswasfoundedtwoyearsagotoprovidementoringsessionsforstudentsandunemployedyoungadultsaged11to21.AlexGoldberg，theprogram"sfounder，said：“WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewewantedtogiveyoungpeopleexperienceswhichwillpotentiallybelifechangingandbroadentheiroutlook.”“Wetrytocreateworkexperienceopportunitiesthatwillreallymakeadifferencetoouryouth.Forexample，we"vesecuredinternships(实习)with worldfamousfirmssuchasHonda.”“Atatimeoffundingcutbackswhereschoolsarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttoofferthiskindofmentoring，itisextremelyimportantthattheseopportunitiesareavailablebothtohelpyouthwiththeirschoolworkandgradesandtogivethemopportunitieswhichmayhelpshapetheirfutures.”KieranHepburn,14，isoneofagroupofBanburyyouthwhohasbenefitedfromtheprogramsofar.InOctobertheBanburySchoolpupilwasaccompaniedbyYoungInspirationsstafftoPariswherehewasanobserverattheUnitedNationsEducational，ScientificandCulturalOrganization"s(UNESCO)InternationalYouthForum(论坛)．Theeventwasheldforyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld，toseektheirviewsonhowthefutureofyouthandeducationshouldlook.Kieranjoinedseveralhundredobserversmostlyintheir20sandwastheonlyUKschoolpupiltoattendtheevent.Kieranthinksthetripwasalifechangingexperience.“BeforeweleftIdidn"tquiteknowwhattomakeofitbutwhenwegottherewedidn"tstop，itwasamazing，”hesaid，“Wewenttothreeorfourhoursofdebateseachdayandthendidsomethingculturaleachafternoon.”Themainthemeoftheforumwashowyouthcandrivechangeinpoliticalandpubliclife.Itdealtwithissues(问题)suchasdrugabuse，violenceandunemployment.Kieransaid：“IthasreallyhelpedmetoimprovemyconfidenceandsocialskillsaswellasmyschoolgradesandIwasvotedmostimprovedpupilatschoolinAugust.”TheYoungInspirationsmentoringsessionstakeplaceeachFridayinBanbury.Fordetailsvisitwww.younginspirations.com.9．TheYoungInspirationsmentoringprogramaimsto______.A．trainstaffforworldfamousfirmsB．offerjobopportunitiestoyoungadultsC．provideyouthwithuniqueexperiencesD．equiptheunemployedwithdifferentskills解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewe wantedtogiveyoungpeopleexperiences..."”可知目的是给青年提供独特的经历。答案　C10．AccordingtoAlexGoldberg，itisdifficultforschoolstoofferthementoringdueto________.A．thelackofsupportfromfirmsB．theculturaldifferencesC．theeffectofunemploymentD．theshortageofmoney解析　推理判断题。由第五段中的“fundingcutbacks”(削减资金)可知，缺乏资金给导师制的发展带来了困难。答案　D11．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．thevisittotheUnitedKingdomwasamazingB．KieranhasmadegreatprogressinmanyaspectsC．theyouthhavefoundawaytosolvetheirproblemsD．thementoringsessionsareheldeverydayexceptFriday解析　推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的“‘IthasreallyhelpedmetoimprovemyconfidenceandsocialskillsaswellasmyschoolgradesandIwasvotedmostimprovedpupilatschoolinAugust."”可知Kieran在很多方面取得了进步。故选B项。答案　B12．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AlexGoldberg，FounderofYoungInspirationsB．YoungPeopleFindaWorldofOpportunityC．Kieran，BanburySchoolPupiltoParisD．DebatesHelpYouthwithTheirGrades解析　标题归纳题。本文主要就AlexGoldberg创建了导师制，给青年人提供了了解社会、获得社会经验的机会，最后这个项目扩大到国际范围，给青年人改变自己和社会的机会。所以正确答案为B。 答案　B阅读理解【2014·山东省潍坊市高三联合考试】Apartfrompsychologicalillness，wearealllargelyresponsibleforourownemotionalhealth.Whatwesaytoourselvesoverandoverfordays，weeks，months，andsometimesyears，hasagreateffectonhowweseeourselves.Thisalsocontributestomanymentalhealthdisorders.Manyofushaveproblemswithnegativethoughtsplayingonthechannelofourminds，butifyou’reburiedinthemandbelievethem，theycouldbewearingyoursenseofselfesteem(自尊)．Hereareafewbeliefsthatindicateyoumayneedtoswitchthechannel：I’mnotgoodenough？/Idon’tdeserve...？/Noonelikesme？/I’mafailure?Negativethoughtsremindyouofyourbadfeelingsandtheybringyourfocusonyourfailures，andtheygetyounowhere.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Switchthechannelwhennegativethoughtsappear.Selftalkisnotsoobviousthatweoftendon’tnoticeitseffectonourmoodandbeliefsystems.Keythingstonoticeare“ifonly”or“whatif”statements：theformerkeepsyoustuckinthepastwithregret，whilethelatterkeepsyoufearfulofthefuture.Thereisnothingyoucandoaboutthepast，andthefutureisn’thereyet，sostayinthepresentmoment.Recognizethatactionsalwaysfollowbeliefs.You’llfindyourselfbehavinginwaysthatareconsistenttoyourbeliefs.So，startbelievingthebestaboutyourself：actasifyoubelievethatyou’reavaluableandworthyperson.Developpositiveselftalkratherthannegativeselftalk.Insteadofalwayslookingdownuponyourselfinyourhead，thinkofsomethingsyouactuallylikeaboutyourself.Whatareyourstrengths？Whatareyougoodat？Insteadofsaying“I’maloser”，trysaying，“Iamcapable./I’mgoodat.../IacceptmyselfthewayIam.”Thinkingpoorlyaboutourselvesgetsusnowhereandisextremelyselflimiting.Decidetodaytoturnoffthenegativeselftalkchannelinyourmindanddevelopyourtruepotential.1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat________.A．lotsofpeoplehavenosenseofselfesteemB．focusingonnegativethoughtsmayhavebadeffectonpeopleC．negativethoughtswillstrengthenoursenseofselfesteemD．fewpeoplehavenegativethoughtsandmentalproblems 2．Theunderlinedword“wearing”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A．strengthening　B．protectingC．weakening　D．replacing3．Whatdothesuggestionsinthetexttellus?A．Ourbeliefsalwayscomeafteractions.B．Positiveselftalkdoesgoodtoourmentalhealth.C．Lookingdownuponourselvesisasignofmodesty.D．“Whatif”keepsyoustuckinthepastwithregret.4．Thetextencouragesusto________.A．getridofnegativethoughtsB．getanywherewelikeC．thinkhighlyofothersD．turnofftheselftalkchannel5．Thistextismostlikelytoappearin________.A．arecreationguide　B．amedicaljournalC．asciencetextbook　D．atravelbrochure语篇解读　文章主要告诉大家抛弃消极的思想，培养积极的思想。1．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Whatwesaytoourselvesoverandoverfordays，weeks，months，andsometimesyears，hasagreateffectonhowweseeourselves.Thisalsocontributestomanymentalhealthdisorders.”以及第二段中的“Manyofushaveproblemswithnegativethoughtsplayingonthechannelofourminds”可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为B。答案：　B2．解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。答案：　C3．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故B项正确。答案：　B4．解析：　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章鼓励我们抛弃消极的思想。答案：　A5．解析：　推理判断题。由于本文主要说明的是消极思想和积极思想对人们所产生的影响，故本文最有可能出现在医学杂志上，选B。 答案：　B.【上海市虹口区质量监控测试题】Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.basedB.scheduleC.individualD.determinedE.achievingF.ambitiousG.successH.studyingI.marvelJ.smarterTheSecretofSuccessThesecretofsuccessisthatthereisnosecret.Somepeoplesucceedbecausetheyarejust__41__thanotherpeople.Somepeoplesucceedbecausetheyjustworkharderthanotherpeople.Andsomepeoplesucceedbecausetheyarejustplainlucky.　　MaDonghanisastudentatTsinghuaUniversitywhois__42__tobesuccessfulandshe’snotgoingtoleaveittoluck.Maisobviouslysmartbecauseshe’sastudentatthebestuniversityinChina,butherplanforsuccessis__43__ontheoldfashionvalueofhardwork.Youcanseethatbytheweeklyscheduleshe’ssetupforherselfwhichwasrecentlypostedonline.　　Everyhourofeverydayisaccountedfor.Thereisherclassroom__44__,ofcourse,butthenblocksoftimearesetasidefor__45__eachsubjectandalsoforafewactivitieslikeplayingsports.Therearenohourssetasideforjustrelaxingandthereareonlyfivehoursallotted(分配)eachnightforsleeping.Shehassetavery__46__,almostpunishingscheduleforherself,butitseemstobeworking.　　Otherstudents__47__atMa’sdiligenceanddisciplinebutdoubtthattheycouldachievethesamelevelofsuccess.Perhapsnot,butMaisobviouslyauniqueandspecial__48__.Shehassethighgoals,madeaplantoachievethosegoals,andworkedhardtokeeptoherplan.ThisiswhatotherstudentscanlearnfromMa.Inschool,asinlife,__49__isneverguaranteedandnoteveryonewillfindhimorherselfatthetopofthepyramid.Theimportantthingtorememberisthathavingaplanandworkinghardtostaywiththeplanwillbringyoualevelofsuccessthatjustbeingsmartandluckycannot. 【参考答案】41-49:JDABHFICG