中考英语语法考点系列导 6页

中考英语语法考点系列导练（四）数词考点精析表示数目或顺序的词叫数词。数词可分基数词和序数词两大类。纵观近年来各省市中考的试题，对数词的考查主要集中在以下几点：一、基数词在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。基数词的写法。几十后面加ty，“几十几”，要用连字符号；几百几十几，hundred百位和十位间用and；hundred,thousand,million,billion等词表示具体数字时，用单数形式，在没有确切数目修饰时，可用复数形式，后面可以加of。1.基数词的构成（1）1-20one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty（2）21-99先说"几十"，再说"几"，中间加连字符。23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty-five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one（3）101-999先说"几百"，再加and,再加末两位数或末位数；586→fivehundredandeighty-six,803→eighthundredandthree（4）l,000以上,先从右往左数，每三位数加一个",",第一个","前为thousand.第二个","前为million,第三个","前为billion（美式）或thousand,million（英式）,然后一节一节地表示。1,001→onethousandandone9,785→ninethousand,sevenhundredandeighty-five18,423→eighteenthousand,fourhundredandtwenty-three6,260,309→sixmilliontwohundredandsixtythousandthreehundredandnine750,000,000,000→sevenhundredandfifty,billion（美式）sevenhundredandfiftythousandmillion（英式）2.基数词的用法（1）作主语eg.FourOfthemcomefromParis.（2）作宾语eg.一Howmanybookswouldyoulike？一Iwouldliketwo.（3）作表语eg.Sevenminustwoisfive.（4）作定语eg.Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily·（5）作同位语eg.Youtwowillgoswimmingwithus.（6）表具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million用单数。 eg.Therearesixhundredstudentsinourgrade.（7）表不确定的数字时,数词用复数。若带名词，再加ofhundredsof（数百,成百上千的）,thousandsof（数干,成千上万的）,millionsof（数百万）eg,Theyarrivedintwosandthrees.他们三三两两地来了。（8）表示"…十"的数词的复数可以表示人的岁数或年代。eg.Heisinhisearlythirties.他有三十来岁（31-34岁）：Thistookplaceinthe1930s.这事发生在二十世纪三十年代；（9）表示时刻eg.IwatchCCTVNewsatseveno"clockeveryevening.二、序数词在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。1.序数词的构成（1）一般在基数词后加theg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth（2）不规则变化one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve--~twelfih（3）以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加thtwenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth（4）从二十一后的"几十几"直至"几百几十几"或"几千几百几十几"只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first,twohundredandforty-fifth2.序数词的用法（1）序数词作定语时，一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。eg.Tomistheirsecondson.Heisthefirstonetocomehere.（2）序数词有时可与不定冠词连用，表示数量上"又-","再一"eg：Hetriedasecondtime.他又试了-次。Shalllaskhimathirdtime？还要我再问他-次吗？我已问了他两次）（3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。1st2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd（4）表示年、月、日时，年用基数词，日用序数词。2005年8月15日：（英）15,8,2005=15th,August,2005；（美）8,15,2005=August15th,2005（三）基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。No.1（1号）,No.3bus（3路公共汽车）,Room103,（103号旁间）Thefirstlesson=LessonTwo（第二课）（四）分数词的表达分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加seg.1／3-onethird；2／5-twofifths（五）数学运算的表达eg.3+5=8Threeplus／andfiveiseight.9-2=7Nineminustwoisseven.6x5=30Fivetimessixisthirty／sixunutilizedfiveisthirty. 8÷2=4Eightdividedbytwoisfour.（六）数字的日常应用（1）日期表示法：表示年月日应为“月份+日期+年份”。（2）时间表示法：整点数字后加“o’clock”，几点几分顺着读；几点过几分，要用past；几点差几分，用to；半小时是“half”，15分钟为“quarter”。（3）编号既可用序数词，也可用基数词。但门牌号、房间号、页码、电话号码等通常用基数词。（4）表示某人“几十岁”要用基数词的复数形式。如：inone’sthirties三十多岁。（5）对日期（几月几日）的提问常用what’sthedate；对时刻（几点几分）的提问一般用whattime。（七）由基数词和名词构成的复合形容词，名词用单数。 （八）表示“几个半”英语中表达“几个半”有两种方法：“数词+and+ahalf+名词（复数）”和“数词+名词（复数）+andahalf”。应试策略   考查数词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写和句型转换等。做这类题时，必须要注意基数词和序数词的拼写，分数、不确切数量词间的关系与名词搭配，以及数词在日常生活中的应用等。真题再现1.Thereareabouttwo______studentsinthenewlybuiltschool.    （杭州）   A.thousand  B.thousands  C.thousandof  D.thousandsof剖析：当hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有确切数字时，这些词应用单数形式。答案：B2.The____questionismuchmoredifficultthanthisone.          (重庆) A.sixth        B.six         C.sixteen      D.sixty剖析：此题考查的是序数词的用法。表示“第……”时，用序数词，序数词前要用定冠词the。答案：A3.Inthepastfewyears,manytallbuildingshavebeenbuiltinourcity.Thetallestisan______thatstandsinthecenter.                                      （济宁）A.剖析：此题题眼为thetallest，既然是最高级，说明building要用单数。再看an是用在元音音素前的不定冠词，所以应选由数词和名词单数加连字符构成的复合形容词来修饰名词。答案：A4.Timeisnotenoughforsomuchwork.______peopleareneeded,Ithink.（河南）A.Othertwo    B.Onlytwo    C.Twomore    D.Twoothers 剖析：此题上句说明时间短，工作量大，因此判断下文指的是还需要两个人。表示在原有数量上的增加，有another和more两个词，即“another+基数词”，或“基数词+more”。答案：C6.The_______manontheleftisBeckham,afamousfootballplayer.（泸州）    A.two               B.second             C.three剖析：本句主要表示man的顺序，序数词前用定冠词the，而且名词man是单数形式，不能接受twothree的修饰。答案：B数词考点精练I.选择填空。1.333reads___________.A.threehundredandthirtythree   B.threehundredsandthirty-threeC.threehundredandthirty-three   D.threehundredthirty-three2.The_______monthoftheyearisFebruary.A.one         B.first        C.two        D.second80-floorbuildingB.60-floorbuildingC.80-floorbuildingsD3.Thebeautifulskirtsareonshowintheshop,Janelikes_______.A.theninth     B.thenineth   C.nine       D.ninth4.Ittookme_______tofinishmyhomework.A.ahalfandtwohour          B.twohourandahalfC.twoandahalfhour          D.twoandahalfhours5.Decemberisthe_______monthoftheyear.A.twelve      B.twelveth    C.twelvieth       D.twelfth6.Tombought______forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoes            B.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoes             D.twopairsshoes7.Thereare_______secondsinaminute.A.fourty         B.forty         C.sixteen     D.sixty8.LinTaogetsupat______inthemorning.A.halfpastsix    B.sixpasthalf   C.pasthalfsix  D.halfsixpast9.December______isChristmas.A.twenty-five    B.thetwenty-fifth C.thetwentieth-five D.twentieth-fifth10.Thereare_____starsintheuniverse.A.millions      B.millionof      C.millionsof      D.million11.Mondayisthe_______dayoftheweek.A.two         B.second         C.three           D.third12.Mr.Blacklefthere_____ago.A.halfahour    B.halfanhour    C.anhalfhour     D.ahalfhours13.Thereare_____studentsintheirschool.A.ninehundred      B.ninehundreds       C.ninehundredof   D.ninehundredsof 14.Thereare_____wordsinthetextofthe_____Lesson.A.hundredof,Fifth   B.ahundredof,FivethC.hundredsof,Fifth   D.hundredsof,Fiveth15.Wehadlearnedabout_____Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.A.ninehundredsandforty-five               B.ninehundredsofandforty-fiveC.ninehundredandforty-five               D.ninehundredandfourty-five16.Thispictureisquiteold.Wecanstillseeitwasdrawnin____century.A.sixteen     B.thesixteen    C.sixteenth    D.thesixteenth17.In______MarxbegantolearnRussian.A.a1870     B.the1870      C.the1870s    D.his1870              18.________peoplehavevisitedthefamous_______bridgeacrosstheriver.A.Millions;800-meter-long      B.Millionsof;800-meters-longC.Million;800-meters-long      D.Millionsof;800-meter-long19.—Whatis2/3and1/4?—It’s______.A.3/7       B.2/3          C.11/12        D.3/420.—Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?—_____________.A.Ahalf     B.Aquarter    C.Two-thirds    D.Three-fourths21.ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDam（三峡大坝）shouldbe______higherthandownstream.A.sixty-fivemeter B.sixty-fifthmeter C.sixty-fivemeters  D.sixty-fifthmeters22.Thereareovernine_____workersinthefactory,but____ofyoungpeoplehopetoworkinit.A.Hundred,hundred B.hundreds,hundreds C.hundred,hundreds  D.hundreds,hundred23.He’llhavetospend___________writinghisreporthere.A.onedayortwodays  B.onedayortwo  C.adayortwodays   D.adayortwo24.—What’sthedatetoday?—It’s______________.A.Marchfive    B.Marchthefive     C.Marchfifty    D.Marchthefifth25.We’llhavea__________holiday.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?A.twodays       B.two-day          C.two-days       D.twodays’II.单词拼写1.Augustisthee_____monthofayear.2.We’llmeetataq______toeight,thatistosay,7:45atthebookstore.3.—DoyouknowwhatTaiwanIslandwasliket______ofyearsago? —Yes.About20,000-30,000yearsago,itwaspartofthemainland.4.LiuXianggotthe______(one)inhiscompetitionofthe2004OlympicGames.5.Lookatthephoto!The______（第二个）manfromtheleftismygrandpa.6.Myaunt’sofficeisonthe______（第六）floor.7.TheSmithshadabigpartytocelebratetheirson’s______（二十岁）birthdaylastSunday.8.Theboyhascollectedmorethan______（四十）stampsfromdifferentcountries.III.对画线部分提问1.JimgoestoTsingHuaUniversityat8:00everyday.________________________________________2.Thesweaterisfiftyyuan.________________________________________3.Itistwohundredmetersfromhere.________________________________________4.Mytelephonenumberis6665028.________________________________________5.Thereare800studentsinourschool.________________________________________6.ShehasworkedinJinanforfiveyears.________________________________________7.JacksonwasborninMay,1970.________________________________________8.TodayisMarch7.________________________________________参考答案I. 1-5CDADD6—10ADABC11—15BBACC 16-20DCDCB 21-25CCDDBⅡ.1.eighth 2.quarter 3.thousands 4.first  5.second  6.sixth  7.twentieth  8.forty Ⅲ.1.WhattimedoesJimgotoTsingHuaUniversityeveryday? 2.Howmuchisthesweater? 3.Howfarisitfromhere? 4.Whatisyourtelephonenumber? 5.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool? 6.HowlonghassheworkedinJinan?7.WhenwasJacksonborn? 8.What’sthedatetoday