初二上册英语语法总结 10页

选择填空(  )1.–What’sthematterwithyou?--Ihad___badcoldandhadtostayin_____bed  A.a;/            B.a;the              C.a;a                 D.the;the(  )2.–When________he_____　toourschool? ---Abouttwohours  A.does;come             B.did;come               C.did;came               D.do;come(  )3.Themeatis__　expensiveandeating__meatisbadforyourhealth.  A.toomuch;muchtoo       B.muchtoo;toomuch  C.toomuch;toomuch       D.muchtoo;muchtoo;(  )4.It’sinteresting___abooklikethis.   A.read               B.reads              C.reading                D.toread(  )5.Whatabout___Englishwithme?   A.study             B.studies            C.studying                 D.tostudy(  )6.Ifyouwanttobeingood____,youshouldeat____food.   A.healthy;healthy            B.health;health          C.healthy;health        D.health;healthy(  )7.Isthere____wrongwithyourcomputer?   A.something             B.anything        C.everything       D.some(  )8.–Couldyougiveme_____?--Sure.    A.someadvice        B.someadvices                C.anyadvice             D.anyadvices(  )9.Theyare___ nextmonth.   A.gotocamp           B.gocamping            C.goingcamping        D.goingcamp(  )10.Thatsound_____.    A.interesting                  B.interested               C.interest                   D.tointerest(  )11.Thechildlikestodo____. A.thingsdifferentB.somethingdifferent     C.differentsomething D.differentanything(  )12.–MayIaskyou______question?       --Sure    A.any       B.much        C.some       D.alittle(  )13.Atlasthedecided_________thenewplan.    A.at                 B.to                    C.on            D.for(  )14.Theoldpeoplelike____afterdinner,becauseit’sgoodfortheirhealth.    A.takingwalks        B.takingwalk            C.goingforwalk        D.gotowalks(  )15.Braceisgoingfishing,____hisbrotherisn’t.Hehasmuchworktodo.    A.and              B.so            C.but                  D.because(  )16.--_____doyoucometoschool?      --_____foot.    A.What;On         B.How;On             C.What;By               D.How;By(  )17.SometimesIgo_____withmyfather.    A.fish              B.fishing             C.tofish             D.fishes(  )18.Ittookmearound______hourtofinishmyhomeworkyesterday.    A.a                  B.an            C.the                  D./(  )19.Wheretogodepends______theplacewhereyoulike.     A.in        B.with         C.on            D.by(  )20.It____fifteenminutestowalktoschool.   A.spends           B.costs               C.takes              D.pays(  )21.Thenumberofthechildreninherfamily_____there   A.am                 B.is             C.are                  D.be(  )22.Pleasewaitforamoment;Ihave____totellyou.  A.interestingsomething             B.somethinginteresting  C.interestinganything         D.anythinginteresting(  )23.Iwanttoknow______.A.wheredoeshelive       B.howfarisitC.whoishe                     D.howhegoestoschool(  )24.---Canyougotothebankwithme?      -----______.    A.Sure,I’dloveto                B.Yes,I’dlove    C.No,Please                        D.No,I’dlove(  )25.---Let’sgooutandplaygames.      ---Sorry,Ihave______worktodo.   A.muchtoo              B.toomuch                C.toomany               D.manytoo(  )26.Heleft____HongKong____themorningofSeptember8th   A.to;on             B.for;in       C.to;in               D.for;on(  )27.Mygoodfriendcanplay_____soccerwell,buthecan’tplay_____guitar.   A.a;the             B.the;the            C./;the               D.the;/(  )28.---I’mgoinghikinginthemountainswithmyfriendstomorrow.       ----________   A.Congratulations     B.Thanksalot    C.Haveagoodtime   D.Sorrytohearthat(  )29.---MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday     -----No,you_____   A.can’t              B.maynot                  C.mustn’t                  D.needn’t(  )30.Shefinished_____ herpostcardstwodaysago.    A.write                   B.wrote              C.writing                   D.writes(  )31.---Why____fishingtomorrow?       --Goodidea!    A.don’tgo       B.notgo             C.nottogo                D.don’tyougoing(  )32.They_____theGreatWallnextholiday.    A.visit       B.arevisit                  C.arevisiting       D.visited（ ）33.Therearemany_____betweenthetwopicture.A.different         B.differents         C.differences      D.difference（  ）34.Milkisgood_____our____.  A.to;healthy                          B.to;health             C.for;healthy                  D.for;health(  )35.---______doyougoskating?     ----Everyday.  A.Howoften            B.Howmany   C.Howmuch        D.Howlong（  ）36.--Howoftendotheygotothemovies? ---_______   A.twiceaweek        B.aweektwice          C.twiceofaweek            D.twiceweek(  )37.Thereis___milkinthebottle.    A.few       B.afew       C.alotof            D.many( )38.Thepolicemantoldtheboys____inthestreet.   A.notplay         B.nottoplay       C.notplaying             D.tonotplay( )39.Therearethree____inthefactory.    A.womandrivers           B.womendriversC.womandriver         D.womendriver( )40.Iwantyou____withmeeveryday.      A.exercise          B.exercises         C.exercising        D.toexercise( )41.Mysisterlikesfruit,_____shedoesn’tlikevegetables.      A.but           B.and          C.or            D.also( )42._____grandmotheroftencooksdeliciousfoodfor____      A.He;his            B.His;he            C.He;him           D.His;him( )43.–WhatcanBillandCindydo?--Billcanplay____soccerandCindycanplay____piano.     A.the;the             B./;/          C.the;/       D./;the( )44.Iwillgivemybaby____toeat.     A.healthysomething                          B.healthyanything             C.somethinghealthy                        D.anythinghealthy( )45.Smokingis___yourhealth.     A.goodfor           B.badfor            C.goodto         D.badto( )46._____computergames,Ilikethemverymuch.     A.Asfor               B.Ason            C.About             D.Allabove  1.so+谓语+主语：…也一样.谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词2.so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.3.helpyourself/yurselvesto．．．请随便吃点．．．4.发现sb做sth:findsbdoingsth5.不完全同意Idon’treallyagree.完全不同意Ireallydon’tagree.6.或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原则既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原则既．．．．又．．．both…and….谓语用复数7.看起来，似乎Itseems/seemedthat…..8.由于．．．而闻名befamousfor….KeyPhrases（重点短语）：1.howoften多长时间一次2.junkfood垃圾食品3.alotof许多4.hardlyever很少5.startwith以…开始6.trytodosth.试着去做某事7.lookafter照料8.bekindofunhealthy有点不健康 9.onceaday一天一次10.twiceamonth一个月两次11.begoodfor对…有好处12.onceinawhile偶尔13.seeadoctor/dentist看病/看牙医14.getacold/fever感冒/发烧15.haveastomachache肚子疼16.haveatoothache牙疼17.haveasorethroat嗓子疼18.liedownandrest躺下休息19.drinkhotteawithhoney喝加蜂蜜的热茶20.bestressedout紧张21.listento…听…22.gettired变的疲劳23.keephealthy保持健康24.atthemoment此刻；目前25.watchTV看电视26.playbasketball打篮球27.babysithersister照看她的妹妹28.visitmyfriend拜访我的朋友29.relaxathome在家放松30.sportscamp运动野营31.somethinginteresting32.gohiking/camping/fishing/shopping/sightseeing去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光33.goaway离开34.getbacktoschool返回学校35.stayforaweek呆一个星期36.gobikeriding骑自行车兜风37.takeswalks散步38.rentvideos租录像带39.sleepalot睡得多40.thinkabout考虑41.takethesubway/bus/boat/plane乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机42.getto到达43.gobybus/plane/boat乘公共车/飞机/小船44.train/subway/busstation火车/地铁/公共车站45.busride乘公共车的旅行46.rideabike骑自行车47.busstop公共汽车站48.onfoot步行49.leavefor离开去…50.schoolbus学校班车51.theearlybus早班车52.bedifferentfrom与…不同53.halfpastsix六点半54.inNorthAmerica在北美洲55.aquickbreakfast快捷的早餐56.needtodo需要做…57.morethan多于58.playsoccer踢足球59.baseballgame棒球比赛60.schoolteam校队61.comeoverto过来到…62.thedayaftertomorrow后天63.begoodat擅长于…64.twoyearsago两年前65.beoutgoing外向的66.allthetime一直67.insomeways在一些方面68.lookthesame看起来一样69.talktoeveryone与大家谈话70.makemelaugh使我笑KeySentenceStructures重要句型：Unit1:1.－Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends? －Iusuallygotothemovies.2.－Whatdoeshesometimesdoonweekends?－HesometimessurfstheInternet.3.Howoftendoyouexercise?Iexerciseonceaweek.4.Howoftendoessheeatvegetables?Sheeatsvegetablesthreetimesaday.5.Mostofthestudentsgotothebeacheveryyear.6.Itmakesabigdifferencetomygrades.7.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.Unit2:1.What’sthematter?What’swrong?What’sthetrouble?2.I’mnotfeelingwell.Ihaveacold/fever/stomachache/sorethroat./Ihavealotofheadaches.3.Maybeyoushouldseethedoctor/dentist.Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.4.Youshouldn’teatanythingfor24hours.5.Don’tgetstressedout.Itwillmakeyousick.6.I’msorrytohearthatyouarenotfeelingwell.Unit31.－Whatisshedoingforvacation?－Sheisbabysittingherlittlesister.－Thatsoundsnice/interesting.2.－Whenareyougoing?－I’mgoingonMonday.3.－Wherearetheygoing?－TheyaregoingtoTibet.4.－Whoisshegoingwith?－Sheisgoingwithherparents.5.－Howlongishestaying.－Heisstayingforaweek.6.－Howistheweatherthere?－I’mhopingtheweatherwillbenice.7.HeisleavingforHongKongthefirstweekinJune.8.Haveagoodtime.Unit4:1.－Howdoyougettoschool?－Igettoschoolbybus.2.－Howdoeshegotowork?－Heusuallywalkstoschool. 3.－Howlongdoesittake?－Ittakesabouttwentyminutes.4.－Howfarisitfromhishometoschool?－It’sthreemiles.5.Whatdoyouthinkofthetransportationinyourtown?Unit5:1.－CanyoucometomypartyonWednesday?－Sure,I’dloveto./I’msorry,Ihavetohaveapianolesson.2.－CanshegotothemoviesonSaturday?－No,shecan’t.Shehastohelphermom.3.－CanyougototheconcertonMonday?－Whenisit?－It’satfouro’clockonFriday.4.Thanksalotfortheinvitation.5.I’mgoingtostudyforatestthisevening.6.What’sthedatetoday?Unit61.PedroisfunnierthanPaul.2.Tinais（alittle）tallerthanTara.3.Iammoreathleticthanmybestfriend.4.Myhairislongerthanhers.5.LiuYingisnotasgoodashersister.6.Insomeways,welookthesame.7.Forme,agoodfriendlikesdoingthesamethingsasme.8.I’mquieterthanmostofthekidsinmyclass,andsoismyfriend.9.Whodoyouthinkshouldgetthejob,RuthorRose?IV.Grammar语法：Unit1:1.表频率的词汇和短语：alwaysusuallyoftenneverhardlyeversometimesseldomonceadaytwiceamonththreetimesaweekeverytwoweeksonceinawhile2.做事情的频率（howoftenyoudothings）:－Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?－IusuallyreadEnglishbooks.SometimesIwalkinthegarden.Ihardlyeverexercise.Ieatvegetablestwiceaweek,butInevereatjunkfood.3.如何提问频率“多久一次”－Howoftendoesheplaytennis?－Heplaystenniseveryday.－Howoftendoyoudrinkmilk? －Idrinkmilkonceaday.－Howoftendotheygotothemovies?－Sometimes.Unit2:1.询问别人身体状况：What’swrongwithyou?What’sthematterwithyou?What’sthetrouble?2.提出建议（giveadviceandmakesuggestions）－What’swrongwithyou?－Ihaveaheadache.－Youshouldgotobedandhavearest.Youshouldn’tworklate.－Ihaveafever.－Youshoulddrinkalotofwater.Youshouldn’tbestressedout.Unit3：一般将来时：1.现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。－Whatareyoudoingforvacation?－I’mvisitingTibet.－WhereareyougoingonMayDay?－I’mgoingtothebeach.－Howmanystudentsarecomingtooutpartytomorrow?－Fifty.2.“begoingto+动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。TheyaregoingtotravelinChina.Lookattheclouds!Itisgoingtorain.－Areyougoingtobeateacherwhenyougrowup?－Yes,Iam.3.用“shall＋动词原形”或“will＋动词原形”表示一般将来时。（shall只用于第一人称）WeshallgotothebeachthisSunday.Mybrotherwillfinishmiddleschoolinayear.Thesebirdswon’tflytothesouthinwinter.Whenwilltheybeginthework?Unit4：谈论如何到达某地，以及以何种方式到达某地。－Howdoyougettothemuseum? －Igettothemuseumbysubway.SometimesIridemybiketothemuseum.注意区别：（1）takethebus=gobybuseg:Itakethebustogettoschool.=Igettoschoolbybus.takethetrain=gobytraineg:Hetakesthetraintogotoschool.Hegetstoschoolbytrain.takethesubway=gobysubwaytakeataxi=gobytaxigoinacar=gobycarrideabike=gobybikewalk=goonfootHow引导的疑问句：1.HowdoesLuciagettowork?（提问方式“如何”）2.DaveisgoingtotraveltoParisbyplane.Howlongdoesittake?（提问时间长短“多长时间”）3.Howfarisitfromthepostofficetothemuseum?（提问距离“多远”）4.HowoftendoesKateswimintheriver?（提问频率“多久一次”）5.Howoldisthelittleboy?（提问年龄“多大”）6.Howmanycowsarethere?（提问数量“多少”many后跟可数名词）7.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?（提问数量“多少”much后跟不可数名词）8.Howmuchisthedoll?（提问价钱“多少钱”）9.Howtallishisteacher?（提问高度“多高”）10.Howwastheweather?（提问程度“怎样”）Unit5情态动词“can”表示可能性，或现在决定将来的事。练习用“Can…?”发出邀请，接受或拒绝并给出原因：－CanyoucometomypartyonMonday?－Sure,I’dloveto./Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetostudyforatest.－Canshegotothemovies?－No,shecan’t.Shehastodoherhomework.－Canhegotothefootballgametomorrow?－No,hecan’t.Hehasadrivinglessons.－Cantheygototheconcerttonight?－No,theycan’t.Theyarevisitingtheiruncle. Unit6:形容词比较级：形容词比较级是用来表示事物的等级差别。I.形容词比较级的构成：规则变化：1.一般单音节词末尾加－er。tall－tallergreat－greater2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以－le结尾的双音节词只加－r。nice－nicerlarge－largerable－abler3.以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加－er。big－biggerhot－hotter4.“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加－er。easy－easierbusy－busier5.少数以－er，－ow结尾的双音节词末尾加－er.clever－cleverernarrow－narrower6.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more来构成比较级。important－moreimportantbeautiful－morebeautiful不规则变化：good－betterwell（健康的）－betterbad－worseill－worseold－older/eldermany－moremuch－morelittle（少的）－lessfar（远的）－farther/furtherII.比较级句型：1.比较级＋than……比…较为A＋动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B.两者相比较，A比B更…一些。Iamolderthanyou.MaryishappierthanJane.HisbrotherisyoungerthanI（me）.BeijingismorebeautifulthanWuhan.MysisterhaslongerhairthanTara.Hermotheristhinnerthanherfather.JackistallerthanTom.2.as…asA+动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.表示A和B两者比较，程度相同，“…和…相同”。Myuncleisastallasyourfather.TomisashonestasJohn.Mydogisasoldasthatone.A…＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B表示A，B两者程度不同，即A不如B那么… Myuncleisnotastallasyourfather.TomisnotashonestasJohn.Thisjacketisnotascheapasthatone.3.thesameas与…相同。Myfriendisthesameasme.Wearebothquiet.Agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.