• 4.22 MB
  • 2022-06-17 15:59:54 发布

小学英语语法一般现在时详细讲解

  • 58页
  • 当前文档由用户上传发布,收益归属用户
  1. 1、本文档共5页,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,可选择认领,认领后既往收益都归您。
  3. 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形,可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。
  4. 文档侵权举报电话:19940600175。
Thesimplepresenttense一般现在时 我的功能1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态Iwashthedisheseveryday.Yousometimestakeabushome.Theyusuallyhavelunchat11:30.Healwaysgetsupearly.Sheisoftenlateforschool.2.表示表示客观事实Youare13.Heisastudent.YoustudyatOlympicGardenMiddleSchool. 关键词always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)hardly(几乎不)rarely(很少)never(从不)everyday(每天)everyyear(每年)allthetime(所有时间)onMonday(在星期一)inJanuary(在某月)3.表示永恒不变的真理;Themoongoesroundtheearth. 一.be动词的一般现在时be动词:主语+be+其它如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。Heisaboy.他是一个男孩。{amis(单三)are 肯定句:主语+be+其它如:Heisaworker.Youarethirteen.否定句:主语+be+not+其它如:Heisnotaworker.Youaren’tthirteen.一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它?如:Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Areyouthirteen?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+其它?如:Whatishe?Whatcolouristhatbird?Howoldareyou?Wherearethey?2.be动词的一般现在时的基本句型 二.实义动词的一般现在时1、什么叫实义动词?实义动词是指表示有具体意思的动词,也叫行为动词。如:like(喜欢),eat(吃),live(居住),have(有),run(跑)等等。实义动词占英语中动词的绝大多数。 我们已学过的be动词可译成“是”,有时译成“成为”,有时则没有具体意思如:“Sheistall.”这句译成:“她很高”。故be动词不属于实义动词。 2、一般现在时实义动词作谓语的时侯有两种形式:动词原形;如:enjoy第三人称单数动词形式;如:enjoys主语+(+其它)。{行为动词原形行为动词的单数第三人称形式如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语.HestudiesFrench. 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。①Apandaisashyanimal.熊猫是害羞的动物。②Thisbookisyellow.这本书是黄色的。③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。④Thecatisblack.这只猫是黑色的。 3、实义动词第三人称单数的动词形式变化规则一般情况下直接加-swalk—walks以s.x.sh.ch.o尾加-eswatch—watchesgo—goes“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-es,fly—flies特殊情况have→hasdo→doesgo→goes 当主语是第三人称单数时,动词需变化.动词单三的变化:1、一般情况下,直接加s,如:reads,plays,works,makes2、以s,x,ch,sh结尾,后加es.如:watcheswashesteaches3、以辅音字母加o结尾,一般加es,如:does,goes4、“元音字母+y”结尾的单词,直接在词尾加-s。如:plays,says5、辅音字母+y结尾的单词,去y,加ies,如:flies,studies6、不规则变化如:have-has Exercisesit________swim________go____do_______make________run________write________see______cry________study_________watch_______wash_______say_______play_______have______take_______sitsswimsgoesdoesmakesrunswritescries_seesstudieswatcheswashessays_playshas_takessits 1)肯定句:主语(I/We/You/They)+实义动词原形+其他如:IstayathomeonSaturdays.Theyhavesportseveryday.主语(He/She/It)+实义动词单三形式+其他如:HestaysathomeonSaturdays.Lucyhassportseveryday.4、实义动词的一般现在时的基本句型 2)否定句:主语(I/We/You/They)+do+not+动词原形+其他如:Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Theydon’thavesportseveryday.主语(He/She/It)+does+not+动词原形+其他如:Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Lucydoesn’thavesportseveryday. 3)一般疑问句及其肯、否定回答:Do+主语(I/we/you/they)+动词原形+其他?如:DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Dotheyhavesportseveryday?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.Does+主语(he/she/it)+动词原形+其他?如:DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.DoesLucyhavesportseveryday?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t. 4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他?如:Whatdoyouwant?Whatdoesshewant?Whattimedoyouhavelunch?Whattimedoesshehavelunch?Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoesshedo?Howdoyouspellit?Howdoeshespellit?特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?直接回答,而不用yes或no. 5.一般现在时的句型变换1)IusuallyplayfootballonFriday.改为一般疑问句:DoyouusuallyplayfootballonFriday?对划线部分提问:WhatdoyouusuallydoonFriday?2)Myfathergotoworkbybikeeveryday.对划线部分提问:Howdoesyourfathergotoworkeveryday? 一般现在时(否定句)在一般现在时中,句中有be动词或情态动词(can等)时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not。例如 一般现在时(否定句)1、Iamateacher.否:Iamnotateacher.2、Heisastudent.否:Heisnotastudent.3、Youareaboy.否:Youarenotaboy.4、Icanswim.否:Icannot(can’t)swim. 变否定句Iamagoodboy.Iamnotagoodboy. 变否定句Theyarestudents.Theyarenotstudents. 变否定句ShecanspeakEnglish.ShecannotspeakEnglish. 一般现在时(否定句)句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加doesnot(doesn’t),非单三时,否定句在动词前加donot(don’t)例如 一般现在时(否定句)1、Itoschoolbybus.否:Itoschoolbybus.2、Hetoschoolbybus.否:Hetoschoolbybus.godon’tgogoesdoesn’tgo 变否定句IstudyEnglisheveryday.Idon’tstudyEnglisheverymorning. 变否定句ShespeaksChinesewell.Shedoesn’tspeakChinesewell. 一般现在时(疑问句)句中有be动词或情态动词时,be动词或情态动词can提前,首字母变为大写;some变any例如 一般现在时(一般疑问句)Heisastudent.Youareaboy.Isheastudent?Areyouaboy?Icanswim.Theyareteachers.Canyouswim?Aretheyteacher? Benismyfriend.IsBenyourfriend?变一般疑问句 一般现在时(疑问句)句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为非第三人称单数,一般疑问句在句首加do,句子中动词用原形。主语为第三人称单数,一般疑问句在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形;Some变any.例如 一般现在时(一般疑问句)1、Itoschoolbybus.疑问句:youtoschoolbybus.2、Hetoschoolbybus.疑问句:hetoschoolbybus.DoesgogoesgogoDo Wegotoschooleveryday.Doyougotoschooleveryday?变一般疑问句 Nancylikesplayingcomputergames.DoesNancylikeplayingcomputergames?变一般疑问句 Benwantssomebread.DoesBenwantanybread?变一般疑问句 特殊疑问句地点:where人:who物:what年龄:howold价钱:howmuch数量:howmany 特殊疑问句有be动词或情态动词构成:疑问词+be动词或情态动词+主语+其它例如 特殊疑问句Shecanplaypiano.Whatcansheplay?Heisten.Howoldishe?Heisathome.Whereishe?It’s3dollars.Howmuchisit? 特殊疑问句没有be动词或情态动词构成:疑问词+do(does)+主语+动词原形+其它例如 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?Ilikeplayingfootball.Jimeatssomebreadeverymorning.Linglinghaslunchathome.Whatdoyoulike?WhatdoesJimeateverymorning?WheredoesLinginghavelunch?Doyoulikeplayingfootball?DoesJimeatanybreadeverymorning?DoesLinglinghavelunchathome? 谓语动词是实义动词时,其一般现在时的谓语动词形式有两种——第三人称单数或原形。其否定句和疑问句要借助于does或do来帮助构成。6.实义动词的一般现在时用法小结 一般现在时练习 用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.Heusually________(have)lunchathome.2.DavidandTomusually______(play)footballafterschool.3.Weusually______(make)modelships.4.Nickusually______(watch)TVonMonday.hasplaymakewatches 5.What______theyusually______(do)onSaturdays?Theyusually______(fly)kites.6.______youruncle______(water)theflowerseveryday?7.______yourparents______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirlusually______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.dodoflyDoeswaterDoreadteaches 9.What______youusually______(do)afterschool?Iusually______(grow)flowers.10.What______yourmotherusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(do)houseworkathome.11.______Mike______(have)anyhobbies?Yes,he______.He______(like)______(cook).12.They______(have)thesamehobby.dodogrowdoesdodoesDoeshavelikeshavecookingdoes 13.Myaunt______(like)______(read)newspaperseveryevening.14.What______Mikeusually______(do)onSundays?Heusually______(help)JanewithherMaths.15.What______Helenusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(clean)thedesk.cleansdodoeshelpsdodoesreadinglikes 16.She______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao______(do)notlikePE.Hecan’t______(run)fast.18.Thechildrenusually______(watch)TVintheevening.goesdoesrunwatch 19.SuHaiandSuYang______(have)eightsubjectsthisterm.20.What______sheusually______(do)intheevening?Sheusually______(study)English.studiesdoesdohave 21.Thegirlis______.Shedances__________________.(beautiful)22.Thestudent______(use)acomputerto______(write)music.23.I______(like)makingclothes,buthe________________(donotlike).He______(like)playingfootball.beautifulbeautifullyuseswritelikedoesnotlikelikes 24.Weusually______(dance)and______(play)basketballafterclass.25.Mike’s______(hobby)is______draw)pictures.drawinghobbyplaydance 二、改写句子1.IwanttoplaytabletenniswithGaoShan.He_____to…2.IsurftheInternetonSaturdayevening..Myfatherthe…3.TheystudyEnglish,MathsScience,andArt.TomEnglish…4.Iusuallyplaybasketballwithmyfriends.WangBing…wantssurfsstudiesplays 5.Myauntlikesgrowingflowers.Myparentsgrowingflowers.6.WhatdoyouusuallydoonSundays?WhatHelenonSundays?7.DoSuHaiandherfamilyhaveanyhobbies?SuHai’sfatheranyhobbies?8Hegrowsbeautifulflowers.Webeautifulflowers.likedoesusuallydoDoeshavegrow 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.