2013高考总复习英语语法专项训练(二) 30页

语法专项训练(二)——冠词 考点一　冠词的种类冠词是一种虚词,是最典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,只能附在一个名词上帮助说明名词的含义.英语冠词有三种,即定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词.语法精讲 种类例句(1)定冠词the它的含义是特指和类指Thebookonthedeskismine.Takethemedicinethreetimesaday. 种类例句(2)不定冠词a(an)a(an)用于泛指或类指,a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前Iworkfivedaysaweek.Ijustknewheworkedinauniversity.Armstrongisamanoffewwords.Hewasanoutstandinglawyer.It’sanhonorformetospeakhere. 种类例句(3)零冠词一般不用冠词的场合.许多专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前都用零冠词ItisSundaytoday.Knowledgeispower.Leadisheavierthaniron.Boysenjoyplayingfootball. 考点二　冠词的基本用法冠词总是与名词一起连用:用法例句(1)在单数可数名词前可用定冠词或不定冠词Pleaseclosethedoor.Welivedinasmallhouse.(2)复数可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词Thestarsarebrightinacloudlesssky.Cigarettesarebadforyourhealth. 用法例句(3)不可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词Thesugaryouboughtyesterdayhasgotdamp.Hydrogenislighterthanoxygen.(4)专有名词前用零冠词HeworksinBeijing. 考点三　冠词的固定习语1．定冠词inthemiddleofto；tellthetruth；inthedaytime；intheend；atthesametime；atthemoment；onthespot；gotothecinema/theatre；onthewhole；ontheright/left,etc. 2．不定冠词inahurry；ataloss；givealift；haveatry；allofasudden；asarule；asamatteroffact；takeabreak；onceuponatime;haveapopulationof；awasteoftime,etc. 3．零冠词Atnoon/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight；giveway；intime；takepartin；loseheart；makeway；handinhand；bychance；byday；onfoot；onaccountof；inplaceof；inspiteof；catchsightof； makeuseof；outofcontrol/date/patience/mind/reach/breath/danger,etc. Ⅰ.单句填空用a,an或the填空1．(2011·高考课标全国卷改编)Itisgenerallyacceptedthat____boymustlearntostandupandfightlike________man.提升演练aa 解析:句意:人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会站起来,像男子汉一样去奋斗.两空的词都不是特指,而是泛指,所以都选不定冠词. 2．(2011·高考陕西卷改编)Asisknowntoall,________People’sRepublicofChinais_____biggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.解析:中华人民共和国应为thePeople’sRepublicofChina;最高级前面应该用定冠词.thethe 3．(2011·高考重庆卷改编)Incommunication,asmileisusually_____strongsignofafriendlyand________openattitude.解析:sign为可数名词在这里又是泛指,所以填a.a/ 4．(2011·高考大纲全国卷改编)Ashereached______frontdoor,Jacksaw________strangesight.解析:前门是特指的,所以该用定冠词；而第二空是看到一种奇怪的景象,景象可数也是泛指,所以用不定冠词a.thea 5．(2011·高考山东卷改编)Takeyourtime—it’sjust________shortdistancefromhereto______restaurant.解析:句意:不用着急,从这到那家餐馆只是一小段距离而已.前一空该用不定冠词a,后一空是指说话双方都知道的那个餐馆,为特指.athe 6．(2011·高考四川卷改编)Dr.PeterSpence,_____headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“________fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”/A 解析:DrPeterspence与其后的headmasteroftheschool是同位关系.表示官职的名词前应使用零冠词.要表示分数“五分之一”,其分子可用冠词a或one. 7．(2011·高考江西卷改编)—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000________year.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidby________week.解析:每年六万美金应为$60,000ayear,按周算应该表示为bytheweek.athe 8．Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot________pleasantexperience.解析:experience此处意为“经历”,当经历讲时,experience为可数名词,此处表范指,故用a.a 9．(2011·高考广东卷改编)Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad________amazingconversation.解析:haveaconversation为固定搭配.amazing以元音音素开头,所以用an.an 10．Whileshewasgettingmesettledintoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto________smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.解析:20千米远的一个小镇,表示范指,故用a.a 11．(2010·高考广东卷)Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.________waterwassweet.解析:特指前面的aspringofwater,故此处用定冠词the.the Ⅱ.语篇填空用适当的冠词完成下面的短文Therewasonceakingwhooffered1._____prizeto2._______artistwhowouldpaint3._______bestpictureofpeace.Manyartiststried.Thekinglookedatall4.________pictures.athethethe Buttherewereonlytwohereallyliked,andhehadtochoosebetweenthem.Onepicturewasofacalmlake.Thelakewasaperfectmirrorforpeacefulhighmountainsallaroundit. Overheadwasablueskywithwhiteclouds.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtitwas5._____perfectpictureofpeace.Theotherpicturehadmountains,too.Butthesewereruggedandbare.Abovewas6.______angrysky,aan fromwhichrainfellandinwhichlightningplayed.Down7.______sideofthemountaintumbled(翻腾)afoaming(水泡)waterfall.Thisdidnotlookpeacefulatall.Butwhenthekinglookedclosely,hesawbehind8._____waterfallatinythethe bushgrowinginacrackintherock.Inthebush9._____motherbirdhadbuilthernest.There,inthemidstoftherushofangrywater,satthemotherbirdonhernest—inperfectpeace.Thekingchose10._____secondpicture.athe 本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放