高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法-顶效开发区中学 黄向均 24页

高考英语语法填空解题技巧顶效开发区中学：黄向均 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。 命题揭密 根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考_____、_____________________________、________________等。一个空格可以填个单词，要注意大小写。冠词、介词、代词和连词一动词形容词和副词的比较等级词类转换一到三 GroupWorkDiscusswithyourgroupmembersaboutthefollowingsentences,andtrytofigureoutsomesimilaritiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.考点分析语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modalverbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)考查各项语法内容。 .Istillremembertaking___visitingfriendfromCanadatoalocalBlackCountrypubforlunch.(11广州一模)3，Inthebeginning,therewasonly____verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld(2013广东）考点一：冠词无提示词名词之前1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2the考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法考点分析aa [解题技巧]下列情况很可能填：(1)________+可数名词(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)________(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。考点分析不定冠词定冠词 1He’s___amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe……2Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.3hourhonestboy_____8-year-oldboyX-rayphoto/umbrella/Americananthean 考点二：介词无提示词：注意搭配问题名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…(07深二模)2.Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt____alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdeperateformoney.(2013广东）3.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday…(08广东)ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析from/after 考点三：代词无提示词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等考查语法点:代词的基本用法考点分析1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(08广东)2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.(07广东)3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile…(09江门二模)itherme 考点分析[解题技巧]因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。 考点四：连词或从句引导词无提示词两个主谓结构连接1.Nick"sguests,____hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.(2013广东）2.Butpayafairpriceforit:neithertoomuch___toolittle.(2013广东）3.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08广东)whonor考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法考点分析that [解题技巧](1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。(2)若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。考点分析 考点五：谓语动词有提示词与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Suddenly,he____(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.(2013广东）3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东)wastoldfound考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results 考点六：非谓语动词有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,_______(wear)sunglasses(2012广东）2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!3.Buteveryoneaddedalittle,always_______(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,(2013)4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模)wearingtocompletethinking考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析raised 考点七：词性转换有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词，动词或整个句子1.Thatwouldbeavery___________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,（2013广东）2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook.(08惠二模)3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.(08广东)4.Butsuchasmallthingcouldn"t_________(possible)destroyavillage.(2013广东）suggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化考点分析naturalpossiblyreasonable 考点八：形容词和副词的级有提示词通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…(07广州一模)2．Itmighthavemadeitalittle_______(hard)foreverybodybecause...（12年广东）worst考点分析harder 总结提升一．根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词冠词介词连词代词词性一般有提示词无提示词 总结提升二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词 根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯 Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult___31___wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy___32___(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot___33___pleasantexperience：peoplesteppedonyourfeetor___34___(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.Janepausedinfrontofacounter___35___someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather___36___(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather. Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes___37___sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease___38___.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready___39___tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane___40___(inform). 31.it。32.toplease。33.a。34.pushed。因与stepped并列，故要用一般过去时。35.where。。36.choice。37.on。38.him。39.at。40.wasinformed。 Thankyouforattention!Byebye!