高考英语语法填空(教师版) 16页

高考英语语法填空一、限定词若名词前是空格，且没有限定词，很可能是填冠词、形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。例1：【2015课标II】 TheadobedwellingsbuiltbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven______mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.答案与分析：the。这里名词由形容词的最高级修饰，因此用定冠词。例2：【2015广东】Heowned______farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.答案与分析：a。名词farm前应该有冠词，因为在文章中第一次出现，所以用不定冠词。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·济南外国语学校模拟)Nowadays,howwecantakegoodcareoftheoldisbecomingahotandserioustopic.2．(2016·大庆质量检测二)IfIwereevershortofcashandcouldn’taffordtodoanythingmuch,whichinthosedayswasusuallythecase,Icouldalwaysgooutsideandtakealookaround.3．(2016·泰安二模)Itwasaburninghot,summer’sdayandIwaslongingtogoswimmingatthelocalpool.Instead,Iwasridinginthebackseatofthecarasmyparentsdrovetoafriend’shouse.4．(2016·江西八校一模)Hetappedherontheshoulder,“Hi!Ihavebeenlookingforyouforsuchalongtime！”5．(2016·长春调研考试)TodaytheInternetisplayinganimportantandessentialroleinourlife.6．(2016·枣庄模拟)Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youcannevergetasecondchancetomakefirstimpressions.8．(2016·青岛自主诊断)Afterashortsilence,themantoldthedoctorthatheseizedallthemoneythathisfathergavetohisbrother,whowasabroad.9．(2016·郑州高三二模)It’sapleasureformetobeheretospeaktosuchadistinguishedgroupfromallovertheworld.10．(2016·南阳一中三模)ImaginefallingtowardstheplanetEarthatanawesomespeedof30016 kilometersperhour.12．(2016·大庆市二轮复习检测)Ishouldbeveryinterestedtomeetthemanwhothrewthestoneyoumentionedinthenewspaper.Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2016·银川质量检测短文改错)ThisafternoonIwenttoseemygrandfatherbyabus.去掉a2．(2016·贵州监测二短文改错)WithEnglishbeingwidelyusedintheworld,itisplayingamoreandmoreimportantrole.Forexample,aFrenchandChinesecan’tspeakeachother’slanguage.Chinese前加a3．(2016·赣州模拟短文改错)Hebecameaengineerinsteadandspentmostofhistimestudyingcardesign.a→an4.(2015·浙江高考)Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.5.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.6.Tomorrowisfirstdayofschool.7.(2016·衡水一中模拟)Inordertorealizehisdream,BillGates,richestmanintheworld,gaveupstudyinginHarvardUniversity.8.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!9.②(2016·邢台市高三摸底考试)Buthehadonlyan100yuannote.二、代词如果句子中缺少主语或宾语，一定是填写代词。代词可以代替人和事物的名称。如果上文出现过某人或某事物，下文中再次提起时，可以不重复，用代词代替人和事物的名称。例1：【2014广东】 Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid______wasawonderfulholidaydestination.答案与分析：it。第二个句子中的宾语从句缺主语，这里it代替前文提到过的Miami。例2：【2010广东】Heaskedhisteacher, “Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”答案与分析：it。这个句子缺宾语，用it代替前文提到过的物water。Ⅰ.单句语法填空16 2SherememberedhowdifficultitwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.4．Somepeopletakegreatpleasureinhelpingandgivingtosomeoneelsewhileothersfeelhappydoingtheopposite.5Foronething,itcanprovideacolorfulplatformtoshowtheirtalent.Foranother,_itisausefulwaytoreleasetheirpressure.6．Thelessskinapersonhasrelativetohisweight,theeasieritisforhimtokeepwarm.7．(2016·聊城三模)WhenIwasontheairplane,IkepttellingmyselfthatIhadtobestrongwhenfacinganytroublesorproblems.8．(2016·三门峡市考前适应性练习)Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtopleasehim.9．(2016·石家庄二模)“Speedup.70km/hisn’tfastenough.Youareholdingupthetraffic，”anothervoiceorderedfromtheseatnexttomine/me(I)．10．(2016·贵州质量检测)Whenhecametolife,hefoundhimselflyingontheground,bleedinginthehead.11．(2016·江西高安中学模拟)Ihopemyparentswon’ttrytoforcemetodotheir(they)favoritejob.Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2016·南昌调研短文改错)Unluckily,alloftheboysgotpoisonedandhadstomachacheswithourfacespale.our→their2．(2016·山西四校第二次联考短文改错)Isincerelyhopeyoucangiveusachance.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.us→me3．(2016·河南洛阳统考短文改错)Ijustsmiledtomeandthought“WhatcanIdo?Theyareguestsafterall.”me→myself4．(2016·兰州模拟短文改错)TwentysixpercentofthestudentssaythatEnglishstoriesarehisfavorite.his→their5．(2016·云南第一次统一检测短文改错)ShortlyafterhearrivedinGermany,hefoundeasytostealsubwayrides.found后加it6．(2016·长春质量监测二短文改错)IamwritingtoexpressmyinterestinyourrecentlyadvertisedpositionasasecretaryofEnglish.HereIwouldliketointroducemebriefly.me→myself7．(2016·大连双基测试短文改错)Inmyopinion,thisisourdutytohelpthosewhoareintrouble.this→it8．(2016·江西九江三模短文改错)Mysteriousandclassicdecorationsfromtheowners’collectionmakethatmorepleasantfordrinkerstositthereandenjoyfinetea.that→it三、介词如果名词或代词前是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语、或动词的宾语，很可能是填介词。例1：16 【2015课标I】 ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway______carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.答案与分析：by。这里的car不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，可以看出其前面应该填写介词，这里的介词短语作状语。例2：【2015课标II】 Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocoolthehouseduringthehotday;______thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.答案与分析：at。atthesametime是固定搭配。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·南昌二中模拟)Thetwobrothersdecidedtoleaveatmidnight,fortheyhadmanymilestocover.2．(2016·山东潍坊三模)ThewatchesarrivedinstoresinlateApril.Theyaresoldatdifferentprices,beginningat$349.3．(2016·泰安二模)Asaneightyearoldboy,Ispentmostofthatafternoonsittingintheshadewhiletheysweatedinthesunshine.4．(2016·山东滕州5月模拟)Yearsafterward,thenobleman’ssonwasstrickenbyaseriousdisease.Whatsavedhim？Penicillin.5．(2016·大庆市二轮复习检测)Theadvertisementsaidthatasuitablehouseinaquietareawasupforsaleatareasonableprice,andthehousewaswithinastone’sthrowofarailwaystationfromwhichtherewerefrequenttrainstothebigcity.6．(2016·烟台二模)Thepurposeofthearticleistodrawpublicattentiontotheproblem.7．(2016·石家庄二模)Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiledwarmly,andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthomewithahappyheart.8．(2016·郑州高三诊断)HelearnedupwithscientistsfromtheFreeUniversityanddividedafarmintoeightirrigatedareas.9．(2016·三门峡市考前适应性练习)Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipesonsale.10．(2016·石家庄二模)IthoughtIwastotallypreparedforthejourney,butnothingcouldhavepreparedmeformyfamily’scomplaints.11．(2016·海口二模)Withhisincredibletalent,Messihassurprisedtheworld.12．(2016·济南二模)Thegirlinareddressismysister,andthereddresslooksbeautifulonher.Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2016·济南模拟短文改错)Luckily,thingshavechanged.Rubbishisalwaysputintodustbins.Peoplearefriendlyatanimals.at→to/toward(s)2．(2016·山西四校联考短文改错)Gatheringaroundhere,wepractisespokenEnglishbytalkingabouteverythingweareinterested.interested后加in3．(2016·南宁测试短文改错)IstaredateverythingasifIwerelookingatthefirsttime.第二个at→for16 4．(2016·南昌一模短文改错)I’mgoingtostudyintheseniormiddleschoolonSeptember;Icanliveeitheratschoolorathome.on→in5．(2016·大连测试短文改错)Whilewaitingtheambulance,Itookoffmycoattokeeptheoldmanwarm.waiting后加for6．(2016·潍坊一模短文改错)Asweallknow,everyonehasadream.IhavedreamedofbeingadoctorsinceIenteredintotheprimaryschool.去掉into7．(2016·河南洛阳统考短文改错)Shewassogratefulaboutmyhelpthatshegavemeabighugwhenweweregoingtoleave.about→for8．(2016·河北名校联盟监测二短文改错)Ibelieveit’sthebestwaytogetclosenatureandenjoyitsbeauty.close后加to四、并列连词若两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词，并且是并列的关系，可能填写并列连词。例1：【2014课标II】 Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,______someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.答案与分析：and。“Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop”是个完整的句子，“someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.”也是个完整的句子，两句之间是并列关系。例2：【2014课标I】 Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays______evenafewmonths.答案与分析：or。afewdays和afewmonths是两个并列的短语。五、状语从句的连词如果两个句子出现（一套主谓关系算一个句子），其中一个句子前有空格，就要考虑两个句子之间的关系。如果两个句子之间没有分号，也没有句号，很可能前面带空格的句子就是一个从句。根据句意判断其是什么样的从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。例1：【2012广东】 ______hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback,hewaswrong.答案与分析：Although/Though。这里有两个句子，“______hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback”和“hewaswrong.”，且两个句子之间没有分号或句号，根据句意可知，第一个句子是让步状语从句。例2：【2011广东】 Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme______thebusarrived.16 答案与分析：until/till。这里有两个句子“Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme”和“______thebusarrived.”第二个句子前有空，根据句意可知，第二个句子是时间状语从句。单句语法填空1．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrasswhenitbegantorainheavily.2．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdaysorevenafewmonths.3．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Unbelievable!Oh...ifyoudon’tmind,I’llstopandtakeadeepbreath.4．(2015·北京高考改编)Heisashyman,butheisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.5．(2014·北京高考改编)Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,soplantscanspreadtonewplaces.6．(2014·山东高考改编)Idon’treallyliketheauthor,although/thoughIhavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.7．(2014·天津高考改编)Onceyoustarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.8．(2014·安徽高考改编)Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimesbeforeitfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”．9．(2013·山东高考改编)MarkneedstolearnChinesesincehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.10．(2012·四川高考改编)Atschool,somestudentsareactivewhilesomeareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.11．(2016·南昌调研)OnAugust24,1853,acustomerreturnedhisfriedpotatoestothekitchen,becausetheyweren’tcrunchy(脆的)enough.12．(2016·临沂二模)Theycaneitherchoosetoacceptthechallengeordonate100dollars,ordotheboth.13．(2016·海口二模)Therewasawaytohelphimgrowmore,buthisparentsdidnothaveenoughmoneytopayforhismedicalneeds.Ⅱ.单句改错2．(2016·河南八市检测短文改错)Althoughwedoknowregrettingthepastisofnobenefit,butwestillcan’thelpdoingit.去掉but3．(2016·浙江六校联考短文改错)OneSunday,Iwasreadingmybookwhileitsuddenlyoccurredtomethatitwasmother’sbirthdaythenextday.while→when4．(2016·洛阳统考短文改错)BeforeIleftmyhometowntocometostudyinEngland,Iwaspartlyterrified,andmostlyIwasexcited.and→but16 5．(2016·贵州七校联考短文改错)Firstly,wecanbroadenourhorizonsorknowmoreabouttheworldbywatchingthelatestnewsandreports.or→and6．(2016·大庆质量检测二短文改错)TinaandIhadbeengoodfriendsforyears.Weoftendidthingstogether,soonedayTinadidn’ttalktomeandjustsatbyherself.so→but7．(2016·邢台模拟短文改错)Althoughshewastoobusytogowithme,shetoldmetoselltheextraticketifpossible.Although→As/Because8．(2016·河北省七校联考短文改错)Workhard,youwillmakemuchprogressandrealizeyourdreams.you前加and16 六、名词性从句的连词例1：【2015课标II】Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly______thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.答案与分析：how。因为“...thePuebloIndiansfiguredout”和“...theadobewallsneededtobe...”是两套主谓关系，即两个句子，它们之间没有句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；根据句意，确定填写连词how。例2：【2014广东】 Ididn’tunderstand______thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.答案与分析：why。“Ididn’tunderstand”和“thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.”是两套主谓关系，即两个句子，它们之间没有句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；根据句意，确定填写连词why。七、定语从句的关系词定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。因此当所填空前有一个名词时，且空指代的是名词，那么名词后的从句前应该填写关系词。例：【2015课标I】 I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver______arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.答案与分析：that/which。这里有两套主谓关系，“I’dskippednearbyGuilin...”和“arepictured...”， 两句之间没有句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词或关系词；根据句子结构，第二个句子少主语，先行词是Guilin，根据定语从句中关系词的使用规则，这里填写that/which。1.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach______wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.2.Nick’sguests,______hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysalemorecheaplyiftheycould.3.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary, ______madeherfeellikeastar.4.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto______hewastryingtotalk…5.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea______hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.6．I"dliketostartmyownbusiness—that"s________I"ddoifIhadthemoney.7．Iamafraidhe"smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis________heneverfinishesanything.8．Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon________themeetingwouldbepostponed.9．________iswellknowntotheworldisthatChinahasverytoptechnologyinspaceindustry.10．________theplayersdidn"thaveagoodrestshouldn"tbeanexcuseforlosingthegame.16 八、疑问代词、疑问副词等判断句子是否用特殊疑问词时，根据语境来确定，并考虑用什么样的疑问词。例：【2013广东】 Hissonlookedsurprised,“IcanunderstandwhyIshouldn’tpaytoomuch,Father,butifIcanpayless,notsaveabitofmoney?”答案与分析：why。上文谈到父亲让儿子去买盐，告诉儿子付钱的时候不可以多付。也不可以少付。儿子不解地问：“如果我能少付钱的话，为什么我不省点钱呢？”九、it的用法It可以作形式主语、形式宾语；虚义it。例：【2009广东】 Sherememberedhowdifficult wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.答案与分析：it。这里it在宾语从句中作形式主语，从句中真正的主语是动词不定式“tochoose...”。十、强调结构、倒装句的功能词等注意考查强调结构中的that、who的一些固定结构，倒装结构的功能词等。若句子结构完整，空格后的动词是原形，很可能是填写情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词。例：【2014课标II】Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”答案与分析：Did。根据本句中laststop可知，句子的时态应该是过去时态，因此一般疑问句的助动词是did。16 总之，以上讲解了语法填空题的部分微技能，例题都来自于高考真题，具有代表性。无论试题如何变化，万变不离其宗，只要牢固掌握英语的语法和词汇知识，就一定能做好语法填空题中的纯空格填空题。——真题分析：信息提示题真题分析在做语法填空题时，除了知道纯空格填空的解题技巧外，也必须知道如何做空格中有提示信息的填空题。以下是如何做此类题的具体方法：一、名词名词用单数还是复数，应该看一下名词前面的修饰语，或动词的单复数形式。例1：【2015课标I】 I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverthatarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese______(painting).答案与分析：paintings。该词前面有限定词many，因此用复数形式。例2：【2014课标I】 Whilethereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe ______(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver. 答案与分析：changes。该词后面的动词是复数形式，因此change用复数形式。单句语法填空1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)．..whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirability(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.2．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverthatarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings(painting)．3．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Whilethereareamazingstoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechanges(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.4．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Unbelievable！Oh...,ifyoudon’tmind,I’llstopandtakeadeepbreath(breathe)．16 5．(2014·湖北高考改编)Hermotivation(motivate)forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.6．(2011·浙江高考改编)Anyway,Ican’tcheathim—it’sagainstallmyprinciples(principle)．二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级遇到空中有形容词或副词时，要根据语境确定该词是否有比较的含义，尤其看看其后面有没有标志词than。例：【2015课标I】 Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris______(clean)thanever.答案与分析：cleaner。根据后面比较级的标志词than，这里应该使用比较级。三、词性转换词性转换是指同一词根派生出的名词、形容词、副词、动词以及反义词等词。可以根据该词在句子中的所作的成分，确定该词的转换形式。例1：【2015课标II】Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir______(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.答案与分析：ability。their后接名词。例2：【2015课标II】 As______(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.答案与分析：natural。名词前用形容词修饰。例3：【2015课标II】 Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat______(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.答案与分析：slowly。这里需要副词修饰动词短语giveout。例4.【2014课标I】Justbe______(patience).答案与分析：patient。这里应该是形容词作表语。单句语法填空1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularly(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.2．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheatslowly(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.16 3．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Asnatural(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.4．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.Luckily(lucky),healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.5．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveriscleaner(clean)thanever.6．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed(disappoint)．7．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Theharder(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolsyou!8．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecomepainful(pain)．四、动词的单复数当空格的提示词给的是动词原形时，除了考虑它的时态和语态外，还要考虑它的单复数形式，在这种情况下，主要看主语。例1：【2015课标II】 Thiscycle______(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.答案与分析： goes。根据句中的时间状语dayafterday和后面的句子中使用的时态，可以确定该动词用一般现在时态形式，主语是单数，因此动词用数三人称单数形式。例2：【2015课标I】Yangshuo______(be)reallybeautiful.答案与分析：is。主语是单三人称，因此用is。五、时态和语态如果空中所给的信息词是动词，空前是名词或代词，比较复杂的时候是动名词、不定式或者主语从句，那么这个空缺少谓语，所以要根据上下文判断动词的时态和语态。例：【2015课标I】 ItwasraininglightlywhenI______(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.答案与分析：arrived。所给动词arrive前是代词I，这里应该是谓语动词，因为主句的时态是过去时态，因此这里用过去时态。六、非谓语动词如果句中（一套主谓结构）已有谓语动词，所给动词不是该谓语的并列谓语，那么该动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v.-ing形式、v.-ed形式或不定式。用非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。16 例1：【2015课标II】 Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough______(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.答案与分析：tocool。句子“thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough______(cool)thehouseduringthehotday”中的谓语动词havegivenup和are并列，所给动词前面没有其他连词，cool表示结果，因此用tocool。例2：【2015课标I】 Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople______(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.答案与分析：living。live与前面的people不能形成主谓关系，又因为live与people的关系是主动关系，因此用现在分词living作定语，修饰中心词people。例3：【2015课标I】 Astudyoftravelers______(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.答案与分析：conducted。因为这个句子里有谓语动词names，所给动词不是names的并列谓语，它与前面名词的关系是被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语。例4：【2010广东】 Hespititout,______(say)itwasawful.答案与分析：saying。在这里 say前没有并列连词，因此可以推断不是并列谓语，是非谓语动词，又因为say与主语he的关系是主动关系，因此用现在分词。总之，做有提示词填空的题，要注意动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词的填写。因此建议教师在平时讲课的过程中加强学生对时态、语态、非谓语动词的掌握，让学生多记忆词汇，这样就能轻松做好语法填空信息提示题。一、考查介词后的动词用-ing分词根据英语语法，介词后接动词作宾语时，用作宾语的动词原则上要用动名词。【典例】Onemorning，Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout____(be)lateforschool.（2014年新课标II卷）16 【分析】由于是用于介词about后作宾语．故用动名词形式being。【练习】阅读下面句子，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Sherestedfortwoweeksafter____(be)inthehospital.2.I"magainst____(do)anythingtillthepolicearrive.3.Theonlywaytotellifyoulikesomethingisby____(try)it4.Theskillof____(speak)aforeignlanguagetakestimetoacquire.5.Hestoodinthedoorforseveralminutesbefore____(decide)whetherhe’dstay.【答案】1being2doing3trying4speaking5deciding 二、考查习惯上后接-ing分词做宾语的动词有些动词后接另一动词作宾语时．作宾语的动词习惯上要用动名词，不能用不定式，比较典型的有admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,keep,mind,miss,permit,practice,suggest等。【典例】【Still,theboykept____(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.（2014年新课标II卷）【分析】动词keep后接动词作宾语时．作宾语的动词习惯上要用动名词，所以填riding。【练习】【阅读下面句子，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Theteacherkeeps____(tell)hisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.2Theyshouldn’tallow____(park)here;thestreetistoonarrow.3Herillnessjustanexcusetoavoid____(see)him.4Itisonethingtoenjoy____(listen)togoodmusic,butitisquiteanothertoplayitwellyourself.5Ihatetoaskyouthis,butwouldyoumind____(give)mealifthome?【答案】1telling2parking3seeing4listening5giving三、考查具有形容词性质的-ed分词和-ing分词的区别有些动词的-ed分词和-ing分词具有形容词的性质，但由于它们用法区别很大．且同学们在使用时常常用混．所它也是语法填空的考查点之一。16 【典例】Whilethereare____(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbepatient（2014年新课标Ⅰ卷）【分析】由于是用以说明stories的性质或特征．故要用-ing分词，即填amazing。【练习】1.Thisisavery____(interest)book.I’llbuyit,howevermuchitmaycost.2.Idon"tthinkthisfilmisbyfarthemost____(bore).Ihaveseenworse.3.Idon"treallyliketheauthor,butIhavetoadmithisbooksarevery____(excite).4.The____(shock)newsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.5.Withononetoturntoinsucha____(frighten)situation,shefeltveryhelpless.【答案】1interesting2boring3exciting4shocking5frightening四、考查-ing分词派生词的用法由动词派出来的-ing分词有时可以名词化，变成名词——这也是高考英语语法填空的考点之一。【典例】Oneofmyfather"sfavorite____(say)asIwasgrowingupwas“Tryit”（2014年大纲样卷）【分析】由于所填之词前面有所有格和形容词的修饰．说明此词具有名词性质．所以考虑填saying;再根据句首的oneof可知．此处的saying应用复数形式sayings。【练习】阅读下面句子，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.We"llreachthesalestargetsinamonthwhichwesetatthe____(begin)oftheyear.2.Ifyouwanttofindthe____(mean)oftheword,lookitupinadictionary.3.Jennynearlymissedtheflightasresultofdoingtoomuch____(shop).4.Whenyoufinishreadingthisbook,youwillhaveabetter____(undertand)oflife.5.Anumberofhigh____(build)havearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.【答案】1beginning2meaning3shopping4undertanding5buildings16 五、考查-ing分词派生词副词的用法具有形容词性质的-ing分词，原则上不能修饰形容词、副词或动词，遇此情况应考虑将具有形容词性质的-ing分词变成副词·即在其后加上副词后缀-ly。【典例】Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo，themanagercameout.Shewas____(surprise)helpful.（2014年广东卷）【分析】helpful为形容词，故其前应由副词来修饰．所以做本题．先要将surprise变成具有形容词性质的-ing分析．然后再在其后添加副词后缀-ly，所以答案为surprisingly。【练习】阅读下面句子，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Withonlineshopping____(increase)popular,theInternetisseenasanefficientwayofreachingtargetcustomers.2.Oneofhischarmswashisabilitytotalk____(amuse)onanytopic.3.TheWorldWideWebissometimes____(joke)calledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseitcanbeveryslow.4John"sauntdiedsuddenlyandlefthima____(surprise)largesum.5Thereportargues____(convince)thateconomichelpshouldbegiventothesecountries.【答案】1.increasingly2.amusingly3.jokingly4.surprisingly5.convincingly16