经典最新最全高考英语语法讲解及练习题附答案难题有详解 141页

经典最新最全高考英语语法讲解及练习题附答案难题有详解高考英语语法专题复习一、冠词TheArticle知识要点：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（TheIndefiniteArticle）和定冠词（ThedefiniteArticle）两种。a(an)是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如abook,aman;an用在元音之前，如：anoldman,anhour,aninterestingbook等。the是定冠词。一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a(an)的基本用法。如：Sheisagirl.Iamateacher.Pleasepassmeanapple.2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：Heborrowedastory-bookfromthelibrary.AWangislookingforyou.一位姓王的同志正在找你。3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如：Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。如：abit,afew,alittle,alotof,apieceof,acupof,aglassof,apileof,apairof,haveagoodtime,forawhile,foralongtime等。5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a+抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如：Thislittlegirlisajoytoherparents.这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。Itisapleasuretotalkwithyou.跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。Itisanhonourtometoattendthemeeting.参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。二、定冠词的用法：1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Thepenonthedeskismine.2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如：Whereistheteacher?Openthewindow,please.3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如：Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabywasthin.4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu theearth,themoon,thesun.5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如：Heisalwaysthefirsttocometoschool.Bobisthetallestinhisclass.6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如：theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theScienceMuseum,theChildren’sPalace,theParty等。7、用在一些习惯用语中。如：ontheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextyear,bytheway等。8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如：theYellowRiver,thePacificOcean,theAlps,theHimalayas9、用在报刊、杂志前。如：thePeople’sDaily,theEveningPaper,theTimes泰晤士报。10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如：TheBrownsareathometoreceivevisitorstoday.布朗一家今天要接待客人。11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如：thepoor,thewounded,theliving,thedead,therich,thesick等。12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如：Thedriveralwayssitsinthefrontofthebus(car).三、零冠词（即不用冠词）：1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如：China,America,GradeOne,ClassTwo,milk,oil,water,paper,science等。2、名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,some,any等代词。如：Godownthisstreet.3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如：Wearestudents.Ilikereadingstories.4、节日、日期、月份、季节前。如：Teachers’Day,Children’sDay,NationalDay,insummer,inJuly等。TodayisNewYear’sDay.ItisSunday.March8isWomen’sDay.5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前，尤其作表语、宾补时。如：141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu What’sthematter,Granny?Weelectedhimmonitor.6、在某些习惯用语中的名词前。如：atnoon,atnight,atfirst,atlast,atmost,atleast,bybus(train,air,sea),inbed,intime,infrontof,gotoschool,gotobed,gotocollege,onfoot,attable,inink,inpencil等。7、在三餐饭和球类运动前。如：Shegoestoschoolafterbreakfasteverymorning.Wearegoingtoplayfootball.Weusuallyhavelunchatschool.8、科目前不加。如：WelearnChinese,maths,Englishandsomeothersubjects.【专项训练】：1、Wecan’tlivewithoutair.A．anB．×C．theD．some2、——Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.——Isitblackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A．a;theB．the;theC．the;aD．a;a3、I’vebeenwaitingforhimforhourandhalf.A．×;×B．the;aC．a;theD．an;a4、Whatfineweatherwehavetoday!A．aB．×C．someD．an5、Haveyoueverseenastallasthisone?A．atreeB．suchtreeC．antreeD．tree6、Childrenusuallygotoschoolatageofsix.A．×;theB．a;anC．the;×D．the;the7、Himalayasishighestmountaininworld.A．×;the;×B．The;the;theC．A;a;aD．×;×;×8、Theyeachhave__book.LiHua’sisaboutwriter.WangLin’sisonscience.A．a;a;×B．the;×;theC．×;the;×D．a;the;a9、Physicsisscienceofmatterandenergy.A．The;×B．×;×C．×;theD．A;a10、sunrisesineastandsetsinwest.A．A;an;aB．The;×;×C．The;the;theD．A;the;a141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 11、Manypeopleagreethat__knowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltradetoday.A．a;×B．the;anC．the;theD．×;the12、__MrJonescalledwhileyouwereout(neitherofusknowsthisman).Hewasinbadtemper.A．×;aB．A;×C．The;theD．A;a13、Theywereatdinnerthen.Itwasdelicousone.A．a;theB．×;×C．×;aD．a;a14、whatkindofcardoyouwanttobuy?A．×B．theC．aD．an15、AliceisfondofplayingpianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningtomusic.A．×;theB．×;×C．the;×D．the;the16、Beyondstars,theastronautsawnothingbutspace.A．the;×B．×;theC．×;×D．the;the17、AlexanderGrahamBellinventedtelephonein1876.A．×B．aC．theD．one18、——Where’sJack?——Ithinkhe’sstillinbed,buthemightjustbeinbathroom.A．×;×B．the;theC．the;×D．×;the19、Manypeoplearestillinhabitofwritingsillythingsinpublicplaces.A．the;theB．×;×C．the;×D．×;the20、——I’dlikeinformationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.——Well,youcouldhavewordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.A．some;aB．an;someC．some;someD．an;a【答案】：1、Bair是不可数名词。扫我用溯源记忆法快速记单词2、D此题为97年高考题。根据句意，第一空是泛指，第一次出现；第二空仍是泛指，且表数量“－”。3、D元音前用an。4、Bweather是不可数名词。5、A此题为85年高考题。泛指。6、Agotoschool是固定短语。7、B山脉、形容词最高级及世界上的唯一的名词前加定冠词。8、A第一、二空泛指，第三空，science是不可数名词。9、C第一空，科目前不加冠词；第二空特指，有定语。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 10、C11、A第一空，a+不可数名词表具体的介绍；第二空，trade不可数。12、D第一空是指有一位琼斯先生在您不在的时候来访。（括号里说明，我们俩都不认识这个人，因此不是特指。）第二空是固定短语，情绪不好。13、C第一空atdinner正在吃饭，固定短语。14、A泛指15、C此题是89年高考题：乐器前加定冠词；music是不可数名词。16、A此题是90年高考题：stars前应加定冠词；space不可数。17、C此题是91年高考题：发明应是特指。18、D此题是92年高考题。inbed是固定短语，不加冠词。19、C此题是93年高考题。第一空后有定语，固是特指。第二空，publicplaces,公共场所，泛指。20、A此题是95年高考题。information是不可数名词；haveawordwithsb.是固定短语。二、名词Nouns知识要点：一、名词的种类：1、专有名词：1）China,Japan,Beijing,London,Tom,Jack（不加冠词）2）theGreatWall,theYellowRiver,thePeople’sRepublicofChina,theUnitedStates等。（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。）2、普通名词：1）不可数名词注意：不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。如：haveawonderfultime.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。如：fishes,newspapers,waters,snows……||||各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水积雪有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。如：times时代，works著作，difficulties困难在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。如：aglassofmilk,acupoftea,twopiecesofpaper….2）可数名词：141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：Abirdcaufly.Thefrogisakindofhibernatinganimal.Vegetablessoldatthisshopareusuallyfresh.有复数形式：a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（与初中同，略）b）不规则变化——child(children),foot(feet),tooth(teeth),man(men),woman(women),mouse(mice),goose(geese),Englishman(Englishmen),phenomenon(phenomena)…注意：c）单、复数同形：sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese,fish（同一种鱼）……。如，asheep,twosheepd）只用复数形式： thanks,trousers,goods,clothes,socks,shoes,…e）形复实单：physics,politics,maths,news,plastics（塑料），means.f）形单实复：people(人民，人们），thepolice,cattle等g）集合名词如：family,public,group,class等。当作为整体时，为单数；当作为整体中的各个成员时，为复数。如：Myfamilyisabigone.Myfamilyaremusiclovers.h）复合名词变复数时，a）只把复合名词中的主体各词变为复数形式。如：sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son(s)继子；editor(s)-in-chief总编辑。b）如没有主体名词则在最后一个词的后面加“s”。如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中间人c）woman,man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。如：amanservant—menservants,awomandoctor—womendoctors二、名词的所有格：1、表有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格，一般在名词后加“’s”。如：Mike’sbag,Children’sDay,mybrother’sroom,women’srights…注意：1）名词复数的词尾是-s或-es，它的所有格只在词后加“s”。如：Teachers’Day,theworkers’rest-home（工人疗养院），thestudents’reading-room2）复合名词的所有格，在后面的词后加“’s”。如：herson-in-law’sphoto（她女婿的照片）；anybodyelse’sbook（其他任何人的书）3）如果一样东西为两人或两人以上共有，则在最后的一个名词后面加“’s”；如果不是共有，则每个词后都要加“’s”。如：JaneandHelen’sroom.珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）.Bill’sandTom’sradios.比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）4）表地点（店铺，某人的家等）的名词所有格后面，一般省去它所修饰的名词。如：thetailor’s(裁缝铺)thedoctor’s(诊所)MrBrown’s(布朗先生的家)5）有些表时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词，也可加“’s”表所有格。如：halfanhour’swalk(半小时的路程)China’sagriculture(中国的农业)2、表示无生命的东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有格。如：thecoverofthebook141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用of，特别是名词较长，有较多的定语时。如：thestoryofDrNormanBethuneDoyouknowthenameoftheboystandingatthegate?4、“of词组+所有格”的用法：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词（如：a,two,some,afew,this,that,these,those等）时，常用“of词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。如：afriendofmyfather’s我父亲的一位朋友。someinventionsofEdison’s爱迪生的一些发明thoseexercise-booksofthestudents’学生们的那些练习本。【专项训练】：1、Thereareonlytwelveinthehospital.A．womandoctorsB．womendoctorsC．womendoctorD．womandoctor2、MrSmithhastwo,bothofwhomareteachersinaschool.A．brothers-in-lawB．brother-in-lawsC．brothers-in-lawsD．brothers-inlaw3、——Howmanydoesacowhave?——Four.A．stomachesB．stomachC．stomachsD．stomachies4、SomevisitedourschoollastWednesday.A．GermanB．GermenC．GermansD．Germens5、Theofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof.A．roofs;leavesB．rooves;leafsC．roof;leafD．roofs;leafs6、Whenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthreemissing.A．sheepsB．sheepesC．sheepD．sheepies7、Thatwasafiftyengine.A．horsepowerB．horsespowerC．horsepowersD．horsespowers8、Myfatheroftengivesme.A．manyadviceB．muchadviceC．alotofadvicesD．afewadvice9、Marybrokeawhileshewaswashingup.A．teacupB．acupofteaC．tea’scupD．cuptea10、Canyougiveussomeaboutthewriter?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．informationsB．informationC．pieceofinformationsD．piecesinformation11、Ihadacupofandtwopiecesofthismorning.A．teas;breadB．teas;breadsC．tea;breadsD．tea;bread12、Asisknowntousall,travelsmuchfasterthan.A．lights;soundsB．light;soundC．sound;lightD．sounds;lights13、Shetoldhimofallherand.A．hope;fearB．hopes;fearC．hopes;fearsD．hope;fears14、Therisingdidalotoftothecrops.A．water;harmB．water;harmsC．waters;harmD．waters;harms15、——Howfarawayisitfromheretoyourschool?——It’sabout.A．halfanhour’sdriveB．halfhoursdrivesC．halfanhourdrivesD．halfanhourdrive16、Theshirtisn’tmine.It’s.A．MrsSmithB．Mrs’SmithC．MrsSmiths’D．MrsSmith’s17、MissJohnsonisafriendof.A．Mary’smotherB．Mary’smothers’C．Marymother’sD．Mary’smother’s18、LastweekIcalledatmy.A．auntB．auntsC．aunt’sD．auntes’19、Thebeachisathrow.A．stoneB．stonesC．stones’D．stone’s20、IcanhardlyimaginesailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A．Peter’B．PeterC．PetersD．Peters’【答案】：1、B2、A141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、Cstomach（胃）虽是“ch”结尾，但其发音为[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。4、C5、Aroof,chief,gulf,belief等词的复数形式，直接加“s”。6、C7、A名词作定语一般不用复数。8、B9、A根据句意，打破的应是杯子，而不是茶；名词作定语表类别不用加“’s”。10、B11、D12、B13、C14、C15、A16、D根据上句，此处应是史密斯太太的衬衫。17、D18、C19、Dastone’sthrow是固定短语，意为“近在咫尺”。20、B此句中Peter作动名词sailing的所有格，本应用Peter’s，但因其在动词后作宾语，所以可用宾格，因此B为正确答案。三、主谓一致Agreement知识要点：在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）Thebookisonthetable.2）HeisreadingEnglish.3）Toworkhardisnecessary.（Itisnecessarytoworkhard.）4）Howyougetthereisaproblem.2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：Childrenliketoplaytoys.3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：1）Thereisadognearthedoor.2）Therewerenoschoolsinthisareabeforeliberation.3）Herecomesthebus.4）Onthewallweretwofamouspaintings.扫我同单词秀秀一起5）HereisMrBrownandhischildren.简单快速记单词4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,perhaps,like,including,aswellas,nolessthan,morethan,ratherthan等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane,MaryandIaregoodfriends.2）Heandmyfatherworkinthesamefactory.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3）Hissister,nolessthanyou,iswrong.4）Thefather,ratherthanthebrothers,isresponsiblefortheaccident.5）He,likeyouandXiaoLiuisverydiligent.6）Everypictureexceptthesetwohasbeensold.7）AlicewithherparentsoftengoestotheparkonSundays.8）Aliceaswellasherfriendswasinvitedtotheconcert.9）NobodybutMaryandIwasintheclassroomatthattime.5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词。如：1）Thewriterandworkeriscomingtoourschooltomorrow.这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。2）Breadandbutteristheirdailyfood.面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。3）Thewriterandtheworkerarecomingtoourschooltomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。（两个人）6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each,every,no,manya修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）Everyboyandgirlhasbeeninvitedtotheparty.所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。2）Noteacherandnostudentisabsenttoday.今天没有老师和学生缺席。3）Manyastudentisbusywiththeirlessons.许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。7、each,either,one,another,theother,neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Eachtakesacupoftea.2）Eitheriscorrect.3）Neitherofthemlikesthispicture.8、由every,some,any,no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Iseveryonehere?2）Nothingistobedone.没有什么要干的事儿了。9、关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：1）Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.2）Anyonewhoisagainstthisopinionmayspeakout.3）Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedatthemeeting.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：1）Threeyearsisnotalongtime.2）Tendollarsiswhatheneeds.3）Fivehundredmilesisalongdistance.11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：1）TheUnitedStatesisinNorthAmerica.2）TheUnitedNationshaspassedaresolution(决议)。3）“TheArabianNights”（《天方夜谭》）isaninterestingbook.12、有些集体名词如family,team,group,class,audience（听众，观众），government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：1）Myfamilyisgoingtohavealongjourney.我家要进行一次长途旅行。2）Myfamilyarefondofmusic.我家人都喜欢音乐。3）Theclasshaswonthehonour.这班获得了荣誉。4）Theclasswerejumpingforjoy.全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。13、all,more,most,some,any,none,half,therest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：1）Alloftheappleisrotten.整个苹果都烂了。2）Alloftheapplesarerotten.所有的苹果都烂了。3）Mostofthewoodwasusedtomakefurniture(家具)。14、the+形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：1）Theyoungareusuallyveryactive.年轻人通常是很活跃的。2）Thewoundedarebeingtakengoodcareofherenow.现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。15、or,either…or…,neither…nor…,whether…or,notonly…but(also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：1）EitheryouorIamgoingtothemovies.2）Notonlyyoubutalsoheiswrong.16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Waterisakindofmatter.2）Thenewsatsixo’clockistrue.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 17、集合名词如：people,police,cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：1）Thepolicearesearchingforhim.2）Thecattlearegrassing(吃草)。18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：1）ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofJapan.2）Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers.19、thenumberof+名词复数，是表示“…的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a(large/great)numberof+名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式。1）Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisincreasingyearafteryear.2）Anumberofstudentshavegoneforanouting.20、means,politics,physics,plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【专项训练】1、Nothingbutcarsintheshop.A．issoldB．aresoldC．weresoldD．aregoingtosell2、NooneexceptJackandTomtheanswer.A．knowB．knowsC．isknowingD．areknown3、Seventypercentofthestudentsinourschoolfromthecountryside.A．isB．areC．comesD．arecoming4、ofthemoneyusedup.A．Three-five,areB．Three-fifths,havebeenC．Three-fifths,hasbeenD．Third-fifths,is5、Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A．owns,areB．owns,isC．own,isD．own,are6、OneofMarx’sworkswritteninEnglishinthe1860s.A．wasB．wereC．wouldbeD．are7、Thesheetsforyourbedwashing.A．needsB．areneedingC．wantD．arewanting8、Oneachsideofthestreetalotoftrees.A．standsB．growC．isstandingD．aregrown9、Somepersoncallingforyouatthegate.A．areB．isC．isbeingD．willbe10、Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．arebeingB．hasbeenC．hadbeenD．havebeen11、Tom’steacherandfriendMr.Smith.A．areB．isC．arebeingD．has12、Yournewclothesfityou,butmineme.A．doesn’tfitB．don’tfitC．doesn’tfitforD．don’tfitfor13、NeitherhenorIfortheplan.A．amB．areC．isD．were14、Manyastudentthatmistakebefore.A．hasmadeB．havemadeC．hasbeenmadeD．hadmade15、Peter,perhapsJohn,playingwiththelittledog.A．isB．areC．wereD．seems16、Layingeggstheantqueen’sfull-timejob.A．isB．areC．hasD．have17、Betweenthetwobuildingsamonument.A．standB．standsC．standingD．isstanding18、I,whoyourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrow.A．amB．isC．areD．was19、TheUnitedNationsin1945.A．werefoundB．werefoundedC．wasfoundedD．wasfound20、werealsoinvitedtotheparty.A．MrSmithB．TheSmithC．TheSmithsD．Smiths21、Theglassworksin1959.A．weresetupB．wassetupC．wereputupD．werebuilt22、Threehourswithyourgirlfriendtobeashorttime.A．seemB．seemsC．isseemingD．hasseemed23、Itwasreportedthatsixincludingaboy.A．waskilledB．werekilledC．waskillingD．hadkilled24、Thepoliceaprisoner.A．issearchingforB．aresearchingforC．issearchingD．aresearchedfor25、Deerfasterthandogs.A．runB．runsC．arerunningD．willrun26、Thewoundedgoodcareofherenow.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．istakenB．arebeingtakenC．aretakingD．istaking27、Thewholeclassgreatlymovedathiswords.A．wasB．wereC．hadD．is28、Over80percentofthepopulationofChinapeasants.A．wasB．isC．areD．willbe29、Thereaknifeandforkonthetable.A．seemstobeB．seemtobeC．isseemingtobeD．are30、Thosewhosingingmayjoinus.A．arelikingB．likesC．enjoyD．isfondof31、Hisfamilymusiclovers.A．allareB．areallC．isD．arebeing32、Aprofessorandawriterpresentatthemeeting.A．wasB．isC．wereD．hadbeen33、Thepairofshoeswornout.A．wasB．wereC．havebeenD．hadbeen34、ThestudentsinourschooleachanEnglishdictionary.A．haveB．hasC．hadD．arehaving35、Morethanoneanswertothequestion.A．havebeengivenB．hasbeengivenC．weregivenD．hadgiven36、Theboysittingbythewindowistheonlyoneofthestudentswhofromthecountrysideinourschool.A．areB．isC．wereD．was37、Ourfamilyahappyone.A．isB．areC．wasD．were38、Mostofthemistakesbecauseofcarelessness.A．weremadeB．aremadeC．hasbeenmadeD．weremaking39、Mostofhistimeinreadingnovels.A．arespentB．isspentC．werespentD．wasspending40、Therestofthenovelveryinteresting.A．wereB．areC．isD．seem41、Iknowthatallgettingonwellwithher.A．wasB．isC．areD．were42、Whenandwherethistookplacestillunknown.A．areB．wereC．isD．has141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 43、Notonlytheworkersbutalsothemachinenotthere.A．areB．wereC．isD．has44、Veryfewhisaddressinthetown.A．knowsB．knowC．areknowingD．hasknown45、Tenthousanddollarsalargesumofmoney.A．areB．isC．wereD．seem46、Twentymilesalongwaytocover.A．wereB．areC．isD．seemtobe47、Nineplusthreetwelve.A．makesB．makeC．ismakingD．aremaking48、Therearetworoadsandeithertothestation.A．leadsB．leadC．areleadingD．isleading49、Myfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,therealready.A．havebeenB．hasbeenC．hadbeenD．willbe50、MyfamilyaswellasIgladtoseeyou.A．amB．areC．isD．was【答案】：1、A因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。2、B同上3、B见讲解2。4、C见讲解16。5、C定语从句看被修饰的先行词：thenumberof作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。6、A见讲解1。7、C见讲解2。8、B倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。9、Bsomeperson指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。10、B主语“all”指的是“food”，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。11、BTom’steacherandfriend，因friend前没有冠词，所以实际指的是同一个人。见讲解5。12、B根据前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine指的是“mynewclothes”，因此主语是复数。13、Aneither…nor…连接主语，动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。14、A见讲解6。15、A见讲解4。16、A见讲解1，动名词作主语。17、B倒装，见讲解3。18、A见讲解9。19、C见讲解11。20、C因谓语动词是复数，所主语应是复，TheSmiths是指史密斯一家人。21、Bworks在此句中是指工厂，所以是单数。22、B见讲解10。23、Bsix在这儿指的是人，因此用复数形式。24、B见讲解17。25、Adeer,sheep是单、复数同形，根据后面的dogs，前面的deer应是复数（单数前应有a）。26、B见讲解14。27、B见讲解12，因人才能受感动，所以thewholeclass是指全班的成员。28、C见讲解18。29、A见讲解5。刀、叉是一副而论，所以看作单数。30、C见讲解9。31、B见讲解12。32、C141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 见讲解4，注意与第11题比较。33、A因此句主语是pair，所以用单数。34、A因此句主语是thestudents，所以用复数。如果each作主语，谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式。如：Eachofthestudents/EachstudenthasanEnglishdictionary.35、B此句中的主语是oneanswer，所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。36、B根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B是唯一正确答案。37、A见讲解12。38、A见讲解2。39、B见讲解16。40、C这部小说的剩余部分，还没超出“一”，用单数。41、C见讲解13，不定代词all在此句中代“与她相处的人”，所以是复数。42、C见讲解1，whenandwherethistookplace是一个从句。43、C见讲解15。44、Bfew在此代人，是复数。45、B见讲解10。46、C同上。47、A同上。48、A见讲解7。49、B见讲解4。50、B同上。四、虚拟语气虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1、虚拟条件句。2、名词性虚拟语气。3、虚拟语气的其他用语。一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could,would,或might）＋动词原形，如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.Ifitrained,Iwouldnotbeherenow.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could,would,或might）＋have＋过去分词，如：Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexamlastterm.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋原形do141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.IfIweretogotothemoononeday,Icouldseeitwithmyowneyes.Ifyoumissedthefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。3、在条件句中如果出现were,had,should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.WereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.二、名词性虚拟语气：在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形，如：MotherinsistedthatJohngotobedat9o’clock.（宾语从句）Wesuggestedthatthemeetingshouldnotbeheld.Itwasrequiredthatthecropsshouldbeharvestedatonce.（主语从句）Thesuggestionthathebeinvitedwasrejected.（同位语从句）Thatistheirdemandthattheirwagesbeincreased.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句：1、wish后的宾语从句：与现在愿望不一致主语＋过去时；与过去愿望不一致主语＋had＋过去分词；与未来愿望不一致主语＋would（could）＋原形。IwishIwereyou.IwishIhadvisitedthewhiteHousewhenIwasinthestates.IwishImetyoutomorrowattheparty.2、It’stime句型：当It’stime后用that从句时应该为：主语＋should＋原形或主语＋过去时，例如：It’stimethatyouwenttoschool.或It’stimethatyoushouldgotoschool.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、Ifonly引起的感叹句相当于“HowIwish＋宾语从句”Ifonlyhecouldcome!他要能来就好了。IfonlyIhadknowntheanswer!我要早知答案就好了。4、wouldrather,asif（though）引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.I’dratheryouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.Shelovesthechildrenasiftheywerehers.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeenthere.5、without,but,butfor,otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.Butforyourcooperation,wewouldn’thavedonetheworksowell.Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butI’ambusynow.Iwouldhavecometothepartyyesterday,butIwasworking.Iambusynow,otherwiseIwoulddoyouthefavor!【专项训练】1、Itisimportantthatacollegestudentaforeignlanguage.A．willmasterB．masterC．mastersD．wouldmaster2、Itisstrangethatshewithoutsayingaword.A．shouldhavegoneoutB．wentC．shouldgooutD．goesout3、IfmylawyerherelastSaturday,hemefromgoing.A．hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB．hadbeen,wouldpreventC．were,wouldpreventD．were,wouldhaveprevent4、——“Heisabraveman.”——“Yes,IwishIhiscourage.”A．haveB．hadC．willhaveD．mayhave5、Ifitrain,thecropswouldbesaved.A．shouldB．willC．isgoingtoD．wasto6、Heorderedthatthemedicinebyaspecialplane.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．wassentB．wouldbesentC．shouldsendD．besent7、Ifyouthemedicine,youbetternow.A．took,wouldfeelB．hadtaken,feltC．hadtaken,wouldfeelD．took,wouldhavefelt8、Sheismysister,butsheoftenactsasifmymother.A．isB．wasC．wereD．hadbeen9、Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishIso.A．didn’tdoB．hadn’tdoC．haven’tdoneD．couldn’tdo10、I’dratherhetomorrowafternoon.A．willcomeB．comesC．comingD．came答案：1、B2、A3、A4、B5、A6、D7、C8、C9、B10、D五、倒装句英语的基本句型是主语+谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换,称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。一、全倒装:主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词,叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况:1、当here,there,out,in,up,down等副词放在句首时,句子需全倒装:Theregoesthebell!铃响了！Therelivedanoldman.Herecomesthebus.注意:①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词,像go,come,mush等。②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Awayhewent.他走远了。2、方位状语在句首,如:Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.Nearbyweretwocanoesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland.Underthetreesataboy.3、直接引语在句首,这种情况可倒装也可不倒装"Whatdoesitmean?"askedtheboy或theboyasked.二、半倒装:主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装,有以下数种情况:141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 1、否定意义的词在句首,句子半倒装,例如:little,never,not,no,hardly,rarely,seldomNevershallIforgetyou.Atnotimewasthemanawareofwhatwashappening.LittledidIunderstandwhathesaidtomeatthattime.2、几对并列连词如notonly…butalso,hardly…when等连接两个并列句,连词在句首,前句半倒装,后句不倒装:Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakerawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.NosoonerhadIgottothebusstopthanthebusstarted.注意:①notonly…butalso连接两个并列主语时不需倒装,如:NotonlyyoubutalsoIlikeplayingchess.②neither…nor在句首时,前后两句都需倒装,NeitherdoIhaveasisternordoesmyhusband.3、only在句首强调状语,主句半倒装:OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.OnlyinthiswaycanIlearnfrommyfault.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918,washeabletogetbacktowork.注意:only强调主语不倒装:Onlytheteacherscanusetheroom.4、so…that句型,so在句首时,主句倒装,that从句不倒装:Soeasyisitthataclildcanlearnit.Soharddidheworkthathefinallywonthefame.Isawthefilm,sodidhe.1、倒装句（Inversion）英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。一、倒装的类型类型例句说明完全倒装Outrushedthestudentstowelcometheforeignfriends.学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。整个谓语移至主语之前。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 部分倒装Seldomdoeshegotoschoollate.他上学很少迟到。只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。二、倒装结构的基本用法1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装情况例句说明疑问句中Haveyougotadictionary?你有一本字典吗？WheredidhegolastMonday?上星期一他去什么地方了？Areyoulisteningtotheradio?你在听广播吗？Whotoldyouthenews?谁告诉你那个消息的？Whichboybrokethisglass?哪个男孩子把这个玻璃打破了？用完全或部分倒装，但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序。“therebe”结构中Therearethreewellsinourvillage.我们村里有三口水井。Therestandsabigpapermakingfactorybytheriver.河边有座大型造纸厂。在以here,there,now,then,in,away,updown等副词开头的句子中Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Nowcomesyourturntoplay.现在轮到你玩了。Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.人们一个一个地离去。Look,therehecomes!看，他来了。Downshewent她下来了。使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。在以Ican’tswim,nor(neither)canshe.表示……141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu neithernor或nomore开头的句子中我不会游泳，她也不会。Hehasn’tbeentothecountryside,neitherdoeshewanttogothere.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。Hedidnotturnup.Nomoredidhiswife.他没有来，他妻子也没有来。也不这样，neither和nor意思相同，可以替换使用，nomore表示动作的程度并不比前面提到的稍强。意为也不…。用在as（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.尽管这些贵族很傲慢，他却害怕见我。Youngasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他年轻，却知道很多东西。从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though,although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装（表语提前）2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。（使句子更加流畅，更加生动）情况例句说明含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时Neverbeforehaveweseensuchasight.以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。LittledidIthinkthathecouldbebackalive.我没有想到他竟能活着回来。NotuntilNewYear’sDayshallIgiveyouagift.我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.常用否定词有：never,not,hardly,scarcelyseldom,little,notuntil,notonly…butalso,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 不仅他所有的一切被没收了，而且连他的德国公民权也被剥夺了。副词only放在句首时Onlythendidherealizehismistakes.只有在那时，他才认识到自己的错误。Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnmathswell.只有用这种方法，你才能学好数学。OnlyMothercanunderstandme.只有母亲最理解我。Onlythreeofusfailedintheexam.我们中只有三个人考试不及格。only起强调作用，其句型为“only+状语+部分倒装”。如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。虚拟语气条件从句中Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.他们要是在这儿，他们会帮助我们的。HadIbeeninformedearlier.Icouldhavedonesomething.我要是早得到通知，我就能干事了。Shouldyoufail,takemorepainandtryagain.万一你失败了，就要更加刻苦，重新再干。把从句中if省略将were，had或should放在主语的前面。直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时“Heisacleverboy”saidtheteacher.老师说：“他是个聪明的孩子。”“Go,Dick,go!”criedTom,“Gohomeandgethelp”“走，狄克，走！”汤姆呼喊着，“快回家去求援”“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”heasked.他问“你认为这部电影怎么样？”“I’mleavingforHongkongnextmonth”Marytoldmeyesterday.玛利告诉我“我下月要去香港”。主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。表示祝愿的句子中Mayyousucceed!祝你成功。LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina.中国共产党万岁！谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。副词so在句首Heisinterestedinpop-songs,andsoamI.他对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Theywilllearnchemistrynextterm,sowillI.他们下学期学化学，我也学。Icandriveacar,socanmyyoungerbrother.我会开汽车，我弟弟也会开车。表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中。—TomwonthefirstprizefortheEnglishcompetition.－Sohedid.英语竞赛汤姆获得了一等奖。确实如此。Itwascoldyesterday.Soitwas.昨天天气冷。的确冷。如果后面的句子只是单纯重复前句的意思，不表示也适用于另一人或事，则不用倒装结构。在频度状语often,always,manyatime等开头的句子中Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首Thusendedhislife.这样结束了他的生命。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。介词短语作状语，放在句首Inthemiddleoftheroomstoodalittlegirl.在房间中央站着一个小女孩。Inthedistancewasahorse.马在远处。在强调表语的句子中SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievements.阿尔伯特·141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 曼因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴而又取得巨大成就的人。Suchislife.生活就是这样。Nearbyweretwocanoesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland.附近有两只他们来这个岛乘坐的独木船。表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。【专项训练】Ⅰ、选择填空1、thatweallwentout,lyinginthesun.A．TheweathersofinewasB．SofinewastheweatherC．SotheweatherwasfineD．Sowasfineweather2、Underhisarmapairofshoeswhichhehadboughtfromtheshopafewdaysbefore.A．isB．areC．wasD．were3、whohadarrestedhimthreetimesforcarryingdrugs.A．BeforeGeorgestoodthepolicemanB．BeforeGeorgethepolicemanstoodC．BeforethepolicemanstoodGeorgeD．BeforeGeorgedidthepoliceman4、Thenwehadbeenlookingforwardto.A．camethehourB．thehourcameC．comesthehourD．thehouriscoming5、Onlywhenhestartedtoexplainthereasonforthis.A．sherealizedB．didsherealizeC．shehadrealizedD．hadsherealized6、succeedindoinganything.A．OnlybyworkinghardwecanB．ByonlyworkinghardwecanC．OnlybyworkinghardcanweD．Onlywecanbyworkinghard7、Notforamomentthetruthofyourstory.A．hehasdoubtedB．hedoubtsC．didhedoubtD．hediddoubt141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 8、NowhereelseintheworldcheapertailoringthaninHongKong.A．atouristcanfindB．canatouristfindC．atouristwillfindD．atouristhasfound9、Hardlywhenthebussuddenlypulledaway.A．theyhadgottothebus-stopB．theygottothebus-stopC．didtheygettothebus-stopD．hadtheygottothebus-stop10、Marydoesn’tspeakFrench,anddoesJoan.A．notB．neitherC．eitherD．so11、—DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?—Idon’tknow,.A．nordon’tIcareB．nordoIcareC．Idon’tcareneitherD．Idon’tcarealso12、Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturywhatheatis.A．mandidknowB．manknewC．didn’tmanknowD．didmanknow13、Afterthatweneversawheragainnorfromher.A．didwehearB．weheardC．hadweheardD．wehaveheard14、Johnwonthefirstprizeinthecontest..A．Sohedid.B．Sodidhe.C．Sohedid,too.D．Sodidhe,too.15、,hedoesn’tstudywell.A．AsheiscleverB．HeisascleverC．CleverasheisD．Ascleverheis16、Youcanneverusemytaperecorder.timeshouldyoutouchthatmachine.A．AtnoB．AtanyC．AnyD．No17、Scarcelytheroomthephonerang.A．Ihadentered…whenB．HadIentered…thenC．hadIentered…whenD．haveIentered…when18、Onlysavehislife.A．canthedoctorB．thedoctorcanC．willthedoctorD．couldthedoctor19、Hardlyanybodytheboy,becauseheisrude.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．doeslikeB．likesC．dolikeD．like20、Sowellthattheteacherpraisedher.A．shehaddoneherhomeworkB．herhomeworkhadbeendoneC．didshedoherhomeworkD．shedidherhomework21、Onlywhentoknowhimwillyougetalongwithhim.A．doyoucomeB．willyoucomeC．youcomeD．youwillcome22、Out,guninhand.A．didherushB．rushedheC．herushedD．hadherushed23、Hehadpromisedmetocometotheparty,and.A．sodidheB．sohedidC．sohewouldD．sowouldhe24、Intotheskythelightbluesmoke.A．wentupB．upwentC．didgoupD．hadgoneup25、Littleabouthisownlifeatthemeeting.A．didhetalkB．hetalkedC．hewastalkingD．hadhetalked26、Undernocircumstancesfirstusenuclearweapons.A．willChinaB．ChinawillC．doesChinaD．doChina27、takenthatexamination,shecouldhavepassedit.A．WeresheB．HadshebeabletoC．IfshewouldhaveD．Hadshe28、tomorrow,wewouldputoffthematchtillnextMonday.A．ShoulditrainedB．WereittorainC．IfitwouldrainD．Haditrained29、Look,here.A．Mr.BrowncomesB．doesMr.BrowncomeC．comesMr.BrownD．Mr.Brownhascome30、Oftenusgoodadvice.A．didshegiveB．shedidgive141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．shegaveD．shehasgiven31、NotuntilIbegantoworkhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A．didn’tIrealizeB．didIrealizeC．Ididn’trealizeD．Irealize32、Littleabouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A．doeshecareB．didhecareC．hecaresD．hecared33、beganournewlesson.A．ButB．ThusC．SuchD．Sothat34、Bynomeanslookdownuponthepoor.A．weshouldB．weshouldnotC．doweD．shouldwe35、Onlywhen30yearsoldtolearnEnglish.A．washe,didhebeginB．hewas,hebeganC．washe,hebeganD．hewas,didhebegin36、Notoncetheirplan.A．didtheychangeB．theychangedC．changedtheyD．theydidchanged37、“It’sveryhottoday.”“.”A．SoitisB．SoisitC．SodoesitD．Soitdoes 38、Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie.A．SodoesamanB．SowillamanC．SoitiswithamanD．Soisitwithaman39、Theyarrivedatthefarmhouse,infrontofwhich.A．satasmallboyB．asmallboysatC．issittingasmallboyD．asmallboysitting40、Societyhaschangedandinit.A．sohavethepeopleB．sothepeoplehaveC．thepeoplehavesoD．havethepeoplesoⅡ、改错41、Onlywhenwashe50yearsolddidhebegintolearnFrench.42、LittlesheknewTomwaswasbadlyill141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 43、Turntotherightandthereareyou.44、Andallaroundthefoxinacirclewasdogs.45、—YoucanlearnEnglishwell.—Socanwe.46、Idareclimbthistalltree,butdoyou?47、Notoncehekepthispromise.48、Manyatimehehasgivenussomegoodadvice.49、SuchanoisetherewasthatIcouldn’tworkintheroom.50、Onlydoesmymotherunderstandme.【答案】：Ⅰ、1、B2、C3、A4、A5、B6、C7、C8、B9、D10、B11、B12、D13、A14、A15、C16、A17、C18、B19、B20、C21、C22、C23、B24、A25、A26、A27、D28、B29、C30、A31、B32、B33、B34、D35、D36、A37、A38、C39、A40、AⅡ、41、washe—hewas倒装主句不倒装从句。42、Sheknew—didsheknow此句为半倒装句。43、areyou—youare此句为全部倒装句如主语是代词则不倒装。44、was—were主语是dogs。45、sowecan主语we与上一句中的主语you所指相同故不同倒装。46、doyou—dareyou前面句中用情态，后面要呼应。47、hekept—didhekeep48、hehas—hashe49、Ö50、去掉does，将understand改为understands。only后面跟状语倒装，后跟主语不倒装。六、并列句知识要点：1、熟悉并掌握并列句的结构和常用的并列词的用法；2、注意while,when和for等作并列连词的用法。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 什么叫并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句类型说明连接词例句并并列关系(联合关系)and,notonly…but(also),neither…nor等Ihelphimandhehelpsme.我帮助他，他也帮助我。Notonlydidwewritetoherbutalsowetelegraphedher.我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。NeitherIwouldconsulthimnorhewouldaskmeforadvice.我不想与他商量，他也不会征求我的意见。列转折关系but,yet,still,while,however,when等Hefailedmanytimes,buthedidn’tdespair.他失败多次但并没有气馁。ShehasdifficultyinlearningEnglish,however,sheworkshardandismakingrapidprogress.她学习英语有困难，然后她学习努力，进步很快。选择关系or,otherwiseorelse,either…orWemusthurry,orwe’llmissthetrain.我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。EitheryoucometomyplaceorIgotoyours.或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。句因果关系for,so,thus,therefore,andsoWehadbetterstayathome,foritwasraining.我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。Hedidn’tworkhard,thereforehefailedintheexamination.他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。有时也可不用连词，而用逗号，分号或冒号Hurryup,it’sgettingdark.快点，天要黑了。Let’sstartearly,wehavealongwaytogo.我们要早动身，因为路很远。注意：（1）yet和still是连接副词，也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用，但不如and,but,or等强，用了yet或still，前面还可加and或but。Heistired,(but)stillhewillmakeanotherexperiment.他很累，但他仍然要做另一个实验。Igotupveryearly,(and)yetIfailedtocatchthefirstbus.我起得很早，然而还是没有赶上头班车。（2）while意义相当于atthesametime表示相反和对照，常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。Ilikefootball,whilemysisterlikesbasketball.我喜欢足球，而我姐姐喜欢篮球。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu when=andthen,justthen或atthattime,duringthetime.Wewerereadytorushaway,whenthesnakemoved.我们正准备离开，这时蛇移动了。while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边，并有逗号和第一分句隔开。3、for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，andso比较口语化。【专项训练】：一、用适当的并列连词填空：1、Hecouldn’tknowthetruthaboutme,hewouldn’ttreatmelikethis.2、Thebellisringingthelessonisover.3、Althoughhewasill,hekeptonworking.4、Ican’tmakeupmymindwewillgotoShanghaiwewillstayinourcity.5、Hedoesn’ttalkmuch,hethinksalot.6、Itmusthaverainedlastnightthegroundisstillwet.7、ThepresidentwillvisitthetowninMayhewillopenthenewhospital.8、JanewasdressedingreenMarywasdressedinblue.9、hedidnotspeakdistinctlyIdidnothearitclearly.10、Heisclever,,heoftenmakesmistakes.11、didwewritetoherwecalledupher.12、Hehasn’tanymoneyI’mgoingtolendhimsome.13、Thechildwassick;he,,didn’tgotoschool.14、Marywasneitherhappy,wasshesad.15、Putonmoreclothes,you’llcatchcold.二、选择最佳答案：16、Somearereadingmagazines,othersareplayingcards.A．orB．forC．soD．while17、Wemustgetupearlytomorrow.we’llmissthefirstbustotheGreatWall.A．soB．orC．butD．however18、——Idon’tlikechickenfish.——Idon’tlikechicken,Ilikefishverymuch.A．and,andB．and,butC．or,andD．or,but19、Wewanthighspeedgoodquality.A．both,andB．either,orC．neither,norD．not,butalso20、Inspringitishotcoldhere.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．both,andB．either,orC．neither,norD．notonly,but21、doeshewriteswell,healsospeakswell.A．Notonly,butB．Not,butC．Either,orD．Both,and22、Useyourhead,you’llworkitout.A．soB．orC．andD．for23、Iwanttobuythejacket,Ihavenotenoughmoneywithme.A．butB．soC．orD．for24、youIamgoingtohelpTom.A．Either,orB．Not,butC．Notonly,andD．Each,and25、Thesoldierwaswounded,hepushedon.A．forB．andC．soD．yet26、——DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisclassmate?——Idon’tknow,.A．nordon’tIcameB．nordoIcareC．Idon’tcareneitherD．Idon’tcarealso27、Heisateacher,asingeraswell.A．butB．orC．norD．and28、shouldamanhavecourage,heshouldhavewisdomandknowledge.A．Notonly,butB．Neither,norC．Either,orD．Both,and29、WehavestudiedEnglishforonlyoneyear,wecanperformEnglishshortplaysalready.A．yetB．forC．andD．or30、Shehadescaped,theringhadfallenoffandbeendamagedinthegreatheatofthefire.A．soB．orC．butD．and31、Theworkwasdifficult,,hefinishedinontime.A．butB．howeverC．otherwiseD．therefore32、Theskywascloudlessthesunwasshining.A．butB．andC．forD．so33、manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A．HavingbeentoldB．ThoughhehadbeentoldC．HewastoldD．Havingtold141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 34、IwaswalkingalongthestreetIheardsomeonecallingmyname.A．whenB．whileC．andD．for35、Tobehealthy,youmusthaveamealtoobigtoosmall.A．either,orB．neither,norC．notonly,butalsoD．not,but36、BothJaneandEllen,Mary,arestudyingatthesamecollege.A．tooB．andC．aswellD．aswellas37、HehasneverstudiedEnglishbefore,weshouldgivehimmorehelp.A．andB．orC．thereforeD．but38、Iseeyourpointofview;,Idon’tagreewithyou.A．orB．butC．soD．still39、Theymuststayinthewatertheywilldie.A．butB．soC．otherwiseD．and40、Weplayedoutsidetillsunsetitbegantorain.A．whenB．whileC．yetD．so三、改错：41、Althoughhehasgreatlearning,buthealwaysworksfarintothenight.42、Becausetheboyisverynaughty,soI’mangrywithhim.43、Notonlyhehimselfworkshardbutheoftenhelpsothers.44、Itmusthaverainedmuchoflate,becausetheriverissohigh.45、Theydidn’ttellmewhetherIshouldwritetohimnorwhetherIshouldseehimpersonally.46、Iftherewerenoplants,wewouldhavenoanimalsornomeat.47、NowofcourseIdon’twanttosayanythingbadaboutanyonehoweverhaveyounoticedhisstrangemanners?48、“I’mmorethankfultoyou,sir,thanIcansay”Isaid,“andbutImustmakethingsclear.”49、Heneitherknowsnorcaresforwhathappened.50、Hedidnotlikeyoursuggestion,andbutheraisednoobjection(反对).【答案】：一、1、or2、and3、still/yet4、when,or5、but6、for7、when8、while9、Either,or10、however11、Notonly,but12、so13、therefore14、nor15、or二、141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 16、D17、B18、D19、A20、C21、A22、C23、A24、A25、D26、B27、D28、A29、A30、C31、B32、B33、C34、A35、B36、D37、C38、D39、C40、A四、41、去掉but或改为yet42、去掉so43、he前加does；works－work44、because－for45、nor－or46、or—and47、however—but48、去掉and49、去for50、去掉and或把but改为yet或still七、定语从句一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。2．定语从句在选择关连词that与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用that的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被theonly、theverythesame、thelast修饰。请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.②．Italmostseemedasifthegoodmanweretryingtoteachusallthatheknewatthislesson.③．LatermyfatherandMr.Crossettalkedforabouthalfanfourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedinschool.④．ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttofind.（2）．只用whichis情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关连词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。请看下列两组例句：Isaidnothing,whichmadehimmoreangry.Ihavethebookaboutwhichyouaretalking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which和as是容易混淆的。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as本身含有“正如”，as在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语Asappearfromherpaper,shehasreadwidelyinRomanticliterature.Sheisremarkable,asIhavetoldyou.2、which在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：shehaswarriedagain,whichsurprisesus.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清allthat和what,what实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于allthat两个字，例如：AllthatIknowisthathehasmadeuphismindtoheavethecountryforanewplace.=whatIknowisthat……一、限定性定语从句：种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句（人）在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语whowhichThisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.这就是救了孩子生命的医生。SheisthenewstudentwhomIwanttointroducetoyou.她就是我要介绍给你的新学生Pleasepassmethebookwhichislyingonthetable.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。ThenovelwhichTomboughtisveryinteresting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。Canyoulendmethemagazineaboutwhichyoutalkedyesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？who在从句中做主语whom在从句中做宾语，口语中who可以代替whom，也可以被省去，但做介词宾语时只能用whomwhich在从句中做主语。which充当宾语时可以省去。which做介词宾语不可省种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句人或物的whoseTheprofessorwhosedaughterteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。Theprofessor,thedaughterofwhomteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams.Thebikewhosebrakewasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。whose在从句中做定语指某人的也可以用…ofwhom代替whose指物时也可以用…ofwhich代替whose141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu =Thebikethebrakeofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired 人或thatThewomanthatisplayingthepianoisMissZhang.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。I’dliketoseethefilmsthatarejustonshow.我想看那些刚上映的电影。that指人做主语that指物做主语种类先行词关联词例句说明物all,littlemuch和some,anyevery,no构成的合成代词人或物thatthatTheytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberintheschool.他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，谈了大约有半个小时。I’lltellyouall(that)Iknowaboutit.我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？I’vebroughteverything(that)youneed.我把你需要的东西都拿来了。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。Thefirstplacethatwe’llvisitisBeijingLibrary.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆先行词分别表示人和物，关系代词要用that，不用who或which先行词表示物，关系代词用that不用which,在从句中做宾语可省去。如果先行词是人时，关系代词不受制约，用that或who(whom)均可先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 定语从句人或物thatHeistheonlypersonthatisbelievable.他是唯一可靠的人。Johnistheverypersonthatshewantstosee.约翰正是她要见的人。WhoisthemanthatistalkingwithTom?正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？Whichofthebooksthatyouboughtiseasytoread?你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时用关系代词that.当主句以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句要用that时间whenHecameatatimewhenwe.neededhimmost.他在我们最需要的时候来了。We’llneverforgetthedaywhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。在定语从句中作时间状语注：先行词是time,minute,moment,nexttim很少用关系副词when,可用that但通常省去。地点whereThisistheroomwhereheputupforthenight.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。在定语从句中作地点状语原因理由whyIknowthereasonwhyshestudiessowell.我知道她学习好的原因。在定语从句中作原因状语（2）非限制性定语从句种类先行词关联词例句说明非人whowhomGeorge,whoismyclassmate,haswonascholarship.乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同学。Dr.Li,whomIknowverywell,willcomeheretomorrow.who,whom不能省去，也不能用that代替141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 限制性定语从句物没有固定的先行词而是一个句子whichwhichas李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很熟悉。IgavehimaNewYearcard,whichheenjoyedverymuch.我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。Hestudieshardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,whichleadstohissuccessinhislaterlife.他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致了他后来生活中的成功。Hegetsupearly，asisalwayshishabit.他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。Johnwasadmittedintothecollege,aswehadexpected.约翰被大学录取了，这是我们期待的。Theearth,asisknowntoall,isround.人人皆知，地球是圆的。which指物，不可省去，也不能用that代替which作主语指它前面的整个句子，不可用that代替，强调结果。as指全句，在从句中做主语。as指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，句中或句末。ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。用于thesame…as,such…as,as…as等结构中。（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 标点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指人who(that)whom指物which(that)人和物whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子【专项训练】1．Footballisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld．A．thatB．whichC．itD．who2．Isthereanythingelseyourequire?A．whichB．thatC．whoD．what3．ThelastplacewevisitedwastheGreatWall．A．whichB．thatC．whereD．it4．Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooksinterestedhimgreatlyintheschool．A．whichB．whoC．itD．that5．Thereailwaytunnel,thoughthetraingoes,willbecompletedsoon．A．whichB．thatC．itD．whom6．Hisuncleworksinafactorybicyclesaremade．A．thatB．which141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．whereD．there7．Thereisnodictionaryyoucanfindeverything．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．inthat8．Nextmonth,you’llspendinyourhometowniscoming．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where9．Nextmonth,you’llbeinyourhometowniscoming．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where10．Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,Ilivedonafarm．A．whichB．whereC．whenD．who11．Hewantedtoknowthetimeheneededtoknow．A．thatB．whenC．whereD．what12．Thereisn’tsomuchnoiseinthecountryinbigcities．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．as13．TheycouldonlyreadsuchstorieshadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish．A．thatB．whichC．asD．what14．Thestemsofbambooarehollowmakesthemverylight．A．whichB．asC．thatD．it15．Crusoe’sdoghecameillanddied,madehimverylonely．A．asB．whichC．thatD．this16．They’veinvitedmetotheirparty,iskindofthem．A．asB．whichC．ThatD．this17．weknownow,batscomeoutonlyatnight．141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．AsB．WhichC．ThatD．What18．Johngotbeateninthegame,hadbeenexpected．A．asB．thatC．whatD．who19．hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules．A．WhichB．WhatC．ThatD．As20．Doyouknowthereasonhewaslate?A．thatB．whichC．forwhatD．forwhich21．Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies．A．inwhichB．withthatC．throughwhichD．byit22．Ihaveboughttwoballpens,writeswell．A．noneofwhichB．neitherofwhichC．noneofthemD．neitherofthem23．Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool,aregirls．A．ofwhomtwothirdsB．two-thirdsofthemC．two-thirdinthemD．two-thirdsinwhich24．Doyouknowtheman?A．whomIspokeB．towhoIspokeC．IspoketoD．thatIspoke25．Thefactorywe’llvisitnextweekisn’tfarfromhere．A．whereB．inwhichC．whichD．towhich26．Thisisoneofthebestfilmsthisyear．A．havebeenshownB．thathaveshownC．thathavebeenshownD．whichhasbeenshown27．Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?A．youtalkedaboutB．aboutthatyoutalkedC．thatyoutalkedD．whichyoutalked141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 28．Isthereanyoneinyouclassfamilyisinthecity．A．whoB．who’sC．whichD．whose29．I’llneverforgetthedayswestayedtogether．A．whenB．inwhichC．whichD．what30．IssomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A．thisschoolB．thistheschoolC．thisschooloneD．thisschoolwhere31．I’lltellyouhetoldmelastmonth．A．allwhichB．allwhatC．thatallD．all32．Doyouknowthereasonshegotsoangryyesterday?A．forwhyB．forthatC．whichD．why33．Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatpinkdress．A．whichB．inwhich……C．onthatD．onwhich34．I’llshowyouastoreyoumaybuyallyouneed．A．inwhich,/B．where,whichC．which,thatD．that,that35．Winteristhetimeofyearthedaysareshortandnightsarelong．A．whereB．whenC．thatD．onwhich36．Thetrainshewastravellingwaslate．A．whichB．onwhichC．forwhichD．onthat37．ThesecondWorldWarmillionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945．A．duringwhichB．inthatC．whereD．onwhich38．Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A．thatB．/141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．whichD．it39．ThisisthebesthotelinthecityIknow．A．whichB．thatC．whereD．it40．I’vereadallthebookswereborrowedfromthelibrary．A．thatB．/C．whichD．they41．Thescientistandhisachievementsyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall．A．whichB．whoC．thatD．whose42．Shehasn’tgotenoughmoneytobuytherings．A．whichB．thatC．withwhichD．forwhich43．Finallycamethedayhebadtobeginghisstudyforthenextterm．A．whichB．sinceC．thatD．till44．Wehopetogetsuchatoolheisusing．A．whichB．asC．thatD．where45．Isthereanythingtoyou．A．thatisbelongedB．thatbelongsC．whichbelongsD．thatbelong46．Youcantakeanyseatisfree．A．whichB．whereC．thatD．inwhich47．Theoldwomanhastwosons,oneisateacher．A．ofthemB．ofwhichC．ofwhomD．ofwho48．Myhometownisnolongerthesameitusedtobe．A．whichB．asC．thatD．like49．Youmaytakeanythinguseful．141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．youwantB．whatyouwantC．youwantthemD．whichyouwant50．Hetoreupmyphotoandupsetme．A．thatB．itC．whichD．what51．Duringthedays,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns．A．followedB．followingC．tofollowD．thatfollowed52．ThebeautifuldressMissJoneswenttotheballwasborrowedfromafriendofhers．A．thatB．wearingwhichC．wornbyD．inwhich53．Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewhatwasgoingoninsidethehouse．A．inwhichB．throughwhichC．atwhichD．onwhich54．Thebraveman,thetigerwasshorisagoodbunter．A．bywhichB．bywhomC．bythatD．ofwhom55．Theknifeweusedtocutthebreadisverysharp．A．withwhichB．withitC．withthatD．which【答案】：1B2B3B4D5A6C7C8A9C10C11A12D13C14A15B16B17A18A19D20D21C22B23A24C25C26C27A28D29A30B31D32D33D34A35B36B37A38A39B40A41C42C43C44B45B46C47C48B49A50A51D52D53B54B55A八、名词性从句知识要点：1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、关系代词和连接副词的用法。2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句。什么叫复合句141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。从句通常是用关联词来引导的。在这里关联词还起联系从句和主句的作用。主从复合句（ComplexSentences）一、从句的种类：主语从句（SubjectClauses）1、名词性从句表语从句（PredicativeClauses）NounClauses宾语从句（ObjectClauses）同位语从句（AppositiveClauses）2、定语从句（AttributiveClauses）3、状语从句（AdverbialClauses）注：以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有：（1）It+be+形容词+that从句（2）It+be+名词词组+that从句（3）It+be+过去分词+that从句（4）Itseem,happen等不及物动词+that从句二、常用的关联词1、从属连词that（无词义）；whether是否；if假如，是否although(though)虽然；because因为when当…时候；before在…前；after在…后since既然，自从；as正如，尽管，一边，由于；while在…期间assoonas一…就；aslongas只要；asif好像2、连接代词who,whom,which,what,whose3、连接副词when,where,why,how4、关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that5、关系副词when,where,why1、主语从句：种类关联词例句说明连thatThathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.他来帮助你是确实无疑的。that在句首不可省去词whetherWhetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。主语连接代词whowhatwhichwhateverWhathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般从句连接副词whenwherewhyhowItisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。2、宾语从句：种类关联词例句说明陈述意义thatIbelieve(that)heishonest.我相信他是忠诚的。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。宾疑问意义ifwhetherIwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。Idon’tknowif(whether)itisinteresting.我不知道它是否有意思。Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.他不在乎天气是否好。whether常与ornot连用，不能用if代替。作介词宾语要用whether不能用if。从句是否定句时一般用if引导。语特殊疑问意义who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.请告诉我你需要什么？Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.宾语从句作及物动词宾语也可做介词的宾语。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu how,whoever,whatever,whichever她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。从注1Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，将从句后置。句注2Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引出的宾语从句，要将从句中的否定形式，移动主句中。3、表语从句：种类关联词例句说明表连词thatwhetherasifTheproblemis(that)theycan’tgethereearlyenough.问题是他们不能很早到达这里。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.看起来天要下雨。在非正式的文体中that可以省去。语从连接代词whowhatwhichThat’sjustwhatIwant.这正是我想要的。Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。表语从句位于主句系动词之后句连接副词whenwherewhyhowThisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题所在。Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。4、同位语从句：种类关联词例句说明同位语由连词thatThenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传遍世界。同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact,141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 从句引导，不担任成分，也可有when,how,where等引导。Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么时候回来。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。news,idea,hope,thought,question,order,fear,doubt,word,proof，belief,story等。名词性从句包括四种从句即主语从句、表词从句、宾语从句和同位词从句。名词性从句的特点：that、who、whom、what、whether及when、where引导名词性从句时必须是陈述句词序：1、主词从句：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlineisknowntoall.(That引导主语从句不可省）Whentheplanistotakeoffhasn’tbeenannounced．主语从句通常以it做形主语出现ItwasmyfaultthatIhadhimplayfoatballallfaternoon.Itisimportantthatweshouldgototheschooltotalkwiththeteacher.2、表语从句，即名词性从句放在表语位置就是表语从句，需要注意的，主语是reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because．Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.3、宾语从句that常可以省略，并且注意时态呼应，当主句为过去时时，从句时态一定往前推移，不可出现现在时或现在完成时。TheteachertoldusthatTomohadleftusforAmerica．4、同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：Theideathatonecandotheworkwithoutthinkingiswrong．(同位idea在从句中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）。Theideathatyouputforwardatthemeetingiswrong．(定语从句，idea做putforward的宾语)。【专项训练】1．Iwonderhowmuch．A．costtheseshoesB．dotheseshoescostC．theseshoescostD．aretheseshoescost141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 2．Nobodyknew．A．wherehecomesB．wherehewasfromC．whereheisfromD．wheredoeshecomefrom3．Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme．A．whenthesportsmeetwillbetakenplace．B．whenwasthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld．C．whenisthesportsmeettobegin．D．whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace．4．Cornputerscanonlygivecuthasbeenstoredinthem.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．anything5．Shewantedtoknow．A．whetherIknewherandwheredidsheworkB．ifIknewherandthefactorysheworkedthereC．whertherIknewherandthefactorysheworkedD．ifIknewherandthefactorywheresheworked6．Myfriendwouldn’ttellmehisnewcar．A．howmuchhepaidforB．howmuchdidhepayC．hepaidhowmuchforD．didhepayhowmuch7．Asimpleexperimentshowsairhassomestrength．A．whatB．thatC．whichD．who8．Heyouarenotgoingabroad．A．surprisedthatB．issurprisedthatC．surprisedatD．issurprisedwhether9．Fatherasked．A．whatwaswrongwithmeB．what’swrongwithmeC．whatwrongwaswithmeD．whatwrongiswithme10．Itdoesn’tmatterIrestornot．A．ifB．whetherC．thatD．when11．Thetroubleisweareshortoftools．141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．whatB．thatC．howD．whythat12．Thatisthereappearsarainbowinthesky．A．whatB．whenC．whyD．however13．Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind．A．That,thatB．Which,whatC．What,whatD．What,why14．ItispossiblehemisunderstoodIsaid．A．that,thatB．what,whatC．what,thatD．that,what15．Thethoughthemightfailintheexamworriedhim．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．/16．Thefactheisanorphaniswellknown．A．whatB．thatC．whichD．/17．IwasfreethateveningA．IthappenedtoB．IthappenedthatC．ThathappenedD．Itwashappenedthat18．Iwillacceptthegiftisnoneofyourbusiness．A．IfB．WhetherC．WhatD．Which19．Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater．A．NomatterwhatB．NomatterwhateverC．WhateverD．That20．Healwaysthinkshecandomoreforthepeople．A．ofhowB．howC．ofthatD．why21．inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMonday．A．ItsaysB．ItissaidC．IthassaidD．Heissaid141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 22．Wethinkitimportantcollegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage．A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whether23．ComradeWangistogiveusatalkonhesawandheardinBritain．A．whatB．allwhatC．thatD．which24．Thetownisnolongeritwastenyearsago．A．whichB．thatC．whatD．when25．toldyuouthatwaslying．A．whoB．whoeverC．AnyoneD．Theperson26．WordcameIwaswantedattheoffice．A．whichB．whyC．thatD．whether27．nothingtodowithus．A．WhathedidisB．WhathehasdoneC．WhatdidhedoD．Whathehasdonehas28．Theproblemiswillgo．A．thatB．thatwhoC．whoD．whoever29．thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible．A．HowB．ThatC．WhyD．Whether30．wasawell-knownfact．A．ThattheirteamwasweakB．ThattheirteambeingweakC．TheirteamwasweakD．Iftheirteamwasweak【答案】：1C2B3D4C5D6A7B8B9A10B11B12C13D14D15B16B17B18B19C20A21B22B23A24C25B26C27D28C29B30A九、状语从句AdverbialClauses141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 知识要点：状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句1、时间状语从句种类从属连词例句说明时whenwheneverWhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。when指的是“某一具体的时间”。whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。间状whenIwaswalkingalongthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。语whileWhileitwasraining,theywentout.天下雨的时候，他们出去了。Istayedwhilehewasaway.他不在的时候我在。while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。从asHehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 句beforeBeapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.先做学生，再做先生。before译为在…之前afterHearrivedafterthegamestarted.比赛开始后，他到了。tillWewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我们一直等到他回来。如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”种类从属连句例句说明时untilShedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.她到11点钟才停止工作。Untilhehadpassedoutofsight,shestoodthere.她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until间状sinceassoonasGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.我一到上海就给你写信。状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。语从句hardly…whennosooner…thanIhadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.我刚一到家，就下雨了。=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.我们刚到车站，火车就走了。Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.我们刚开始就被叫停。hardly…when和nosooner…than的意义相当于assoonas,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或nosooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。everytime,bythetime,EverytimeItravelledbyboat,Igotseasick.我每次乘船都晕船。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu themoment等ThemomentIheardthesong,Ifeltcheerful.我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim.下次你来的时候，就会见到他。在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时。地点状语从句wherewhereverWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。Wherethereiswaterthereislife.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。Whereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。原因状becauseIcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。because用来回答why的问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后语从句sinceSinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首种类从属连句例句说明原因asAshedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthedictionary.由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。状语从句nowthat,seeingthatNow(that)theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。Seeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesentforthedoctor.鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。seeing(that),nowthat和since,as意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 目的状语从句thatsothatinorderthatlest=forfearthatIshallwritedownyourtelephonenumberthatImaynotforget.我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。We’lltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。Putonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthat)youshouldcatchcold.多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。目的状语从句中常用情态动词may(might)can(could),should等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号结果状sothatso…thatWeturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新闻。Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。sothat前有逗号为结果状语从句。so…that的so后面跟形容词或副词。语从句such…thatHegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。such…that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用sucha/an…that还可以转换用so…that，语气较强种类从属连句例句说明ifDifficultiesarenothingifwearenotafraidofthem.unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 条件状语从句unlessas/solongasincasesofaras如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.So/Aslongasyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。SofarasIknow,thebookwillbepublishednextmonth.据我所知，那本书下月出版。not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。方式状语从句asasif…asthoughDrawacatasItaughtyou.按照我教你的画一只猫。Doasyouaretold.按照人家告诉你做的去做。Shelooksasifsheisill.看上去她好象是生病了。Heactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。此处as译为，按照或正如asif或asthough的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。让步状thoughalthoughAlthough(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语。Wewerenottiredthough(although)wehadworkedallday.虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以与yet或still连用。though/although141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 语意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面。从句evenifeventhoughI’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。evenif和eventhough的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。种类从属连词例句说明让步asChildasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。Coldasitis,(=Thoughitiscold,)thechildrenplayoutdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。状语从nomatter(who,whatwhen,wherewhich,how…)Doitnomatterwhatotherssay.不管别人怎么说,尽管干。Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。Nomatterwhotakesupthematterforme,Ishallbeverygrateful.不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。nomatter……与who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样，nomatter……引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。句wh－ever(whateverwhoeverwheneverwhicheverhowever)Whateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart.无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。Whoevercomes,hewillbewelcome.无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。wh－ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。判断wh－ever141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。不可将nomatter与wh—ever连用比较状语as…asnotso/as…asthesame…assuch…asMaryisasoldasmysister.玛利和我姐姐一样大。Hedoesn’trunso(as)fastasJack(does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。Hisbookisthesameasmine.他的书和我的一样。HenryisnotsuchagoodworkerasPeter.享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用notas…as或notso…as从句thanShehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.她今年比去年进步更大。HeboughtfewerbooksthanI(did).他买的书比我买的少。表示不同程度之比较，主句中用比较级的形容词或副词。种类从属连句例句说明比较状语从句themore…themoreThemoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。Thewarmer,thebetter.越暖和越好。themore…themore意思为越…越…，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面。句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。thatWearesure(that)thefourmodernizationthat141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 特殊形式的状语从句willberealizedinChina.我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。I’msorry(that)Ididn’thavetimetowriteyousooner.很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。IamafraidthatIcan’tgowithyou.恐怕我不能同你一起去了。引导的从句，往往跟在一个做表语的形容词后面，从句概念上看是宾语，所以有的语法家把它看做是宾语从句，但结构上看，也可以把它看作是一个特殊的状语从句，用来修饰表语的形容词。这种从句的连词常常被省略。【专项训练】：Ⅰ、选择填空：1、YoulikesportsI’dliketoread.A．whenB．whileC．butD．yet2、weweresinging,theteachercamein.A．BeforeB．afterC．AsD．Until3、Iwasabouttoleavemyhousethephonerang.A．whileB．whenC．asD．after4、Theydidnotstopfightingtherewasnoenemyleft.A．untilB．afterC．whenD．since5、Ihavenotseenhimhewenttocollege.A．whenB．beforeC．asD．since6、Itisfivedayswecamehere.A．whenB．beforeC．asD．since7、Itwasnotlonghegottoknowit.A．whenB．beforeC．afterD．until8、Weshallgowearefree.A．wheneverB．whateverC．whereverD．however9、IliveImustservethepeopleheartandsoul.A．WhenB．SolongasC．AssoonasD．Oncondition10、IwasreadinganovelhewaswatchingTV.A．whenB．whileC．beforeD．as11、Putthemedicineyoucaneasilygetit.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．sothatB．whereC．whichD．there12、WewillgothePartywantsustogo.A．whereverB．thereC．totheplaceD．which13、thereisawillthereisaway.A．WhenB．WhereC．WhetherD．How14、Iamgoingyouwentlastweek.A．whereB．whereverC．whenD．theplace15、yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinyourmind.A．WhereB．WhereverC．WhateverD．However16、weatherpermits,we’llhaveanouting.A．ForB．ThoughC．WhileD．If17、Youwon’tsucceedharder.A．unlessyouwillworkB．unlessyouworkC．unlessyoudon’tworkD．ifyouwon’twork18、Iwonderifheus,andIthinkifheuswe’llbeabletocompletethetaskaheadoftime.A．helps,helpsB．willhelp,helpsC．helps,willhelpD．willhelp,willhelp19、Idon’tliketobeinterruptedifI.A．speakB．willspeakC．amspeakingD．spoke20、Ifyouthisexperimentyouwillunderstandthetheorybetter.A．willbedoingB．havedoneC．willhavedoneD．woulddo21、IwouldliketodoitIlikeit.A．sinceB．becauseC．becauseofD．nowthat22、everybodyishere,Let’ssetoff.A．SinceB．BecauseC．ForD．After23、Itwashewasillthathewasabsentyesterday.A．becauseB．asC．sinceD．nowthat24、itisraining,wehadbettertakeataxi.A．ForB．AsC．BecauseofD．When25、“Whycan’tyoudoitnow?”“I’mtoobusy.”A．SinceB．AsC．BecauseD．For26、Hemusthavepassedthisway,herearehisfootprints.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．sinceB．becauseofC．nowthatD．for27、everybodyishere,Let’sbeginourmeeting.A．NowthatB．BecauseC．ForD．When28、Hisspeechmadedeepimpressionontheaudiencethattheycouldhardlyforgetit.A．suchaB．soaC．soD．such29、Theyworkedhardtheyfinishedtheirworkaheadoftime.A．soB．sothatC．suchthatD．soasto30、Hewasweakhecouldn’tstandup.A．such,thatB．so,thatC．very,thatD．so,asto31、Theforeignerspokehisinterpretercouldhardlycatchhiswords.A．suchfastthatB．sofastC．sofastthatD．sofastlythat32、Thebookisitgivesawrongideaofthefacts.A．sowritingthatB．suchwrittenthatC．suchwritingthatD．sowrittenthat33、Thehousecostwedidn’tbuyit.A．somuchmoneythatB．somanymoneythatC．suchmuchmoneythatD．suchmanymoneythat34、Itisallofuscandoit.A．soeasyexercisethatB．sucheasyanexerciseC．sucheasyexerciseD．soeasyanexercisethat35、Shehassheremembersallthenamesofthestudentsshehastaught.A．sogoodmemorythatB．suchagoodmemorythatC．suchgoodmemorythatD．goodmemory36、TheystoppedatTianjingtheymightvisittheTVtower.A．soB．becauseC．sothatD．inorder37、Weallgotupearlywemightstartatsix.A．inorderthatB．inordertoC．soD．soasto38、Letthedogloosesothatithavearun.A．shouldB．mustC．couldD．need39、clearlysothatyourteacheryoucorrectly.A．Write,canunderstandB．Havingwritten,canunderstand141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．Towrite,couldunderstandD．Writing,willunderstand40、Hestartedearlysothathethereintime.A．couldgetB．gotC．hadgotD．wouldhavegot41、itwaslate,shewentonworking.A．ThoughB．BecauseC．SinceD．Whether42、wefail,wetrying.A．Evenif,don’tstopB．Eventhough,won’tstopC．Even,willnotstopD．Evenalthough,shallneverstop43、thepainwasbad,hedidnotcomplain.A．Although,butB．Though,butC．Though,yetD．Even,still44、physics,helikesmathsbetter.A．AshemuchlikesB．MuchashelikesC．MuchlikesasheD．Likesmuchashe45、telephones,tellhimI’mout.A．NomatterwhoeverB．WhoC．WhoeverD．Anyone46、We’llcarrythereformtotheendhappens.A．nomatterhowB．whateverC．anythingD．nomatterwhich47、Ittakestimetogotherebyplanethanbyship.A．farfewerB．farlessC．muchfewerD．moreless48、Heistallerthaninhisclass.A．othersB．allthestudentsC．anyotheroneD．theother49、itwasfinishedintime.A．AstheworkwasdifficultB．DifficultastheworkwasC．DifficultaswastheworkD．Aswastheworkdifficult50、IamsorryIhavecausedsomuchtrouble.A．thatB．forC．asD．since51、hecame,hewouldbringusalotofflowers.A．EverytimesB．onetimeC．EverytimeD．Onceatime141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 52、I’lltellhimaboutitIseehim.A．assoonasB．sosoonasC．whileD．as53、IhadhardlysatdownthetelephonerangA．thanB．whenC．asD．after54、Sityoulike.A．whereB．attheplaceC．asD．wherever55、hewasn’treadyintime,wewentwithouthim.A．SinceB．AsC．ForD．Becauseof56、Allplantsneedairtheyneedwater.A．likeB．asifC．asD．so57、Workhardyoucansucceed.A．inordertoB．sothatC．forfearthatD．incase58、IfyouIwillgowithyou.A．gotoB．wentC．willD．shouldgo59、Thehardheworks,hewillmake.A．thegreaterB．thegreaterprogressC．andthemoreD．more60、wehavethoughtitover,we’lltakesteps.A．Till,notB．When,noC．Until,anyD．Until,noⅡ、改错1、Itwon’tmatterevenherefuses.2、Jimimaginedthatthewholeworldknewofhisachievements,wheninfactonlyafewpeoplehadheardofit.3、Herealizedthathishousemusthavebeenbrokenintotheminutehegothomeandsawthateverythingwasinamess.4、Hewaslookingforthedictionarywheneverhethoughthemighthaveputit.5、Nomatterifheisfree,hemustgotothelibrary.6、IhavenotmissedaplayoraconcertwhenIwasseventeenyearsold.7、NexttimethatIplantotravelinLondon,I’mgoingtotakeaplane.8、I’mnotgoingtotalkonthepointanyfurther,thoughitisneitherimportantnorveryinteresting.9、MuchsinceIlikeallthebooks,Ican’taffordtobuythem.10、Alicwaswaitingforthebusthenshenoticedathiefrunningoutofashop.11、Ithasbeentwoandahalfmonthsagosinceheleft.12、Thoughtheworkwasdifficult,butwemanagedtofinishitintime.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 13、ThetestshowsthatJackhasamuchquickermindthananystudentinhisclass.14、HeleftforGuangzhoubytrainlastMonday.Heoughttohavearrived,Ithink..15、Theywrotetothebossinordertheycouldimprovetheirworkingconditions.16、Hegoesfishingwhereverhehastime,whichisnotoften.17、Idon’tknowwhenhecomestomorrow.Ifhecomes,letmeknowatonce.18、Whenyoureadabook,you’dbettermakeamarkthatyouhaveanyquestions.19、Shipsaremuchmoreslowerthanplanesthatfewpeopletakethemonbusiness.20、Shehassuchlittleeducationthatsheisunfitforthejob.【答案】：Ⅰ、1、B2、C3、B4、A5、D6、D7、B8、A9、B10、B11、B12、A13、B14、A15、B16、D17、B18、B19、C20、B21、B22、A23、A24、B25、C26、D27、A28、A29、B30、B31、C32、D33、A34、D35、B36、C37、A38、C39、A40、A41、A42、B43、C44、B45、C46、B47、B48、C49、B50、A51、C52、A53、B54、D55、B56、C57、B58、C59、B60、DⅡ、1、even后加if2、when—while3、minute—moment4、whenever—wherever5、if—whether6、when—since7、that去掉或改为when8、though—because9、since—as10、then—when11、ago去掉12、but去掉13、any后加other14、Ö15、order后加that16、wherever—whenever17、第一个comes—willcome（宾从时态不限）18、that—where19、more去掉20、such—so十、“It”的用法和“Therebe”结构知识要点：一、代词it用法例句代替前文提到过的东西或事情，用作人称代词。Thisisanewdictionary.Iboughtityesterday.这是一本新词典，我昨天买的。Tomjoinedthearmylastmouth.Doyouknowaboutit?汤姆上月入伍了，你知道这事吗？Isthisyourcar?No,itisn’t.这是你的汽车吗？不是。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 代替指示代词，起着this或that的作用What’sthat?—It’savideo.那是什么？它是一台录像机。Whoseroomisthis?—Itistheirs.这是谁的房间，是他们的。指明某人或某物的身分，还可指不明性别的婴儿Who’sthere?It’sme.(It’sJohn)谁在那儿？是我。（是约翰）Goandseewhoitisthatrings.It’sBill.去看看是谁来的电话，是比尔。TheGreenshaveanewbaby.It’slovely.格林家有一个新生婴儿。它很可爱。指时间，距离，自然现象（天气，气候，明暗）量度，价值等It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。It’sthreemonthssincehecamehere.自从他来到这里，已经三个月了。HowfarisittotheGreatWall.到长城有多远？It’sgettingdark.天快黑了。—Howmuchisthecoat?—It’sninetydollars.这件衣服多少钱？九十美元。二、引导词it用法例句形代替不定式短语Itisuptoyoutodecide.这事要由你决定。Itmakesmehappytohearyouhaverecovered.听说你恢复了健康，这使我很高兴。式主代替动名词短语It’snogoodsmoking.吸烟没有好处。It’sworthwhileworkingthewholenightontheproblem.用整夜的时间来研究那个问题是值得的。语代替主语从句Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoudo.你干什么都没有关系。Itseemsthateveryonehasknownthenews.好象大家都知道这个消息。形式代替不定式短语Iconsideritbettertobeearly.我认为能够早一些更好。WefounditimpossibletogettherebeforeJuly.我们觉得，要在七月以前到达那里是不可能的。宾语代替动名词短语Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.我们认为做那事没有用。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 代替宾语从句Theteachermakesitclearthateveryoneshouldhandinhishomeworkontime.老师清楚地指出，每个人都应该按时交作业。三、it在强调结构中强调句型：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+其它强调部分例句说明主语ItisIwhoamtoblame.是我该受责怪。Itwasyourunclethat(who)cameyesterday.昨天来的是你叔叔。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态用Itis…that(who)如果原句谓语动词是过去时态，则用Itwas…that(who)。在宾语ItwasanewpenthatMothergaveme.母亲给我的是一支新钢笔。强调时间，地点，原因或方式时不要用when,where,how,必须用that。地点ItwasintheclassroomthatIleftmyumbrella.我把雨伞就落在了教室里。状时间Itisateleventhatthetrainleaves.火车是在十一点钟离开。方式ItwasjustasheorderedthatIacted.我正是照他吩咐的那样做的。语原因ItwasbecausehewasintroublethatItriedmybesttohelphim.正是因为他处境困难我才尽力帮助他。宾补Itwasredthatwepaintedthegate.我们把门油漆成红的颜色。Itwaschairmanthattheyelectedhim.他们选他担任的是主席的职务。therebe结构141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 基本句型结构例句there肯定句therebe+主+其它Thereisamaponthewall.墙上有张地图。be否定句therebe+not+主+Thereisnotamaponthewall.其它墙上没有地图。结构一般疑问句be+there+主+其Isthereamaponthewall?它墙上有地图吗？肯定与否定Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.回答是的，有不，没有特殊疑问特殊疑问词+be+—Howmanymapsarethereonthewall?句及回答there+主+其它墙上有多少张地图？—Therearetwo.有两张注1：Therebe句型也可以由其它动词代替be，常用的词有seemtobe,happentobe,appeartobe,usedtobe等词组或用live,come,stand,lie,occur,exist,flow等动词。Thereseemstobemuchhopeofourteambeatingtheirs.好象我们队很有希望打败他们队。Onlytherelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.从前有一位老渔夫住在海边的一个村子里。注2：Therebe之后如有几个并列主语时，用is或用are要取决于第一个主语是单数还有复数，单数用is,复数则用are.Thereisapen,apencilandtwobooksonthedesk.桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔和两本书。Therearetwobooks,apenandapencilonthedesk.桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和一支铅笔。【专项训练】it的用法1、“Doyoulikefish?”“Yes,Ilike.”A．×B．itC．thatD．them2、today?A．HowisitB．WhatisitC．WhatisitlikeD．Howistheweather.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、“Doyouwantawatch?”“.”A．Yes,Iwantit.B．Yes,Iwantone.C．No,I’vegotit.D．No,I’vegotthewatch.4、“Whoseexercise-bookisthat?”“hers”A．ThatisB．ThisisC．It’sD．Its5、won’ttakelongtogettoShanghaibyair.A．ThatB．HeC．ItD．This6、Whathehasdonehelpsusalot,?A．isn’theB．doesn’theC．isn’titD．doesn’tit7、Weallthoughtnousedoingthat.A．itB．thatC．thisD．there8、Itookitforgrantedyouwouldcometoourparty.A．whenB．whyC．forwhatD．that9、Howhappytobeabletostudyandlivetogetherwithyou!A．thatwillbeB．isitC．willitbeD．itwillbe10、Ithoughtittobe.A．himB．heC．itsD．she11、veryfoolishofyoutosayso.A．It’sB．ItsC．That’sD．This12、It’snothishabitforthings.A．asksB．askC．toaskD．asked13、Ithasbeenagreathonourcomingtovisitme.A．theyB．youC．sheD．he14、Ifoundtohearwhathesaid.A．thatdifficultyB．itdifficultyC．thatdifficultD．itdifficult15、Heisfifty,butdoesn’tA．lookatitB．lookforitC．lookitD．lookhim16、Itwaswhotelephonedmeyesterday.A．himB．hisC．himselfD．he141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 17、Thesentenceiswrong.A．itsB．itC．itselfD．it’s18、isnodoubtthathewillsucceedinhisexperiment.A．ItB．ThisC．ThatD．There19、ItseemsJohn’snotcomingafterall.A．thisB．thatC．ifD．to20、wasahandbagthatJohngaveMaryatChristmas.A．ItB．ThisC．ThatD．Such21、Wastheroomthefamouswriterhadeverlivedin?A．that,itB．it,thatC．it,whereD．that,which22、issaidthathehasbeentomanyplacesintheUnitedStates.A．ThisB．HeC．ItD．That23、Whatyouwantmetodo?A．itisB．thatC．isthisD．isitthat24、Isnotimportantwhowillgo?A．itB．thatC．thisD．×25、Whyisiteveryonethinkshe’sathief?A．becauseB．asC．whenD．that26、beingSunday,thelibrarywasclosed.A．WhatB．ItC．ThatD．This27、Isbelievedheisill?A．it,thatB．he,thatC．it,ifD．he,for28、isknowntousMarydancesbest.A．She,×B．It,thatC．It,sheD．She,who29、“What’sthis?”“aflag.”A．ThisisB．That’sC．It’sD．Its30、Jackisill.Haveyouheardabout?A．himB．itC．thisD．thatTherebe结构31、Isatypewriterintheroom?A．heB．thereC．itD．has32、There’snooneinthehouse,is?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．itB．heC．thereD．they33、mustbesomethingwrong.A．ItB．HeC．ThereD．They34、thereanyonearound?A．WasB．WereC．ThereD．Has35、usedtobeachurchroundthecorner.A．HereB．ThereC．ItD．Itis36、Itisreportedthatisgoingtobeastorm.A．itB．thereC．×D．theweather37、Therestillalotofworktobedonebeforethehouseisreadyforoccupation.A．areB．wereC．isD．have38、Thereisagirlforthebus.A．towaitB．waitingC．waitedD．wait39、Thereapinetreeatthetopofthehill.A．standsB．liesC．livesD．has40、willbeagoodfilmonattheRexnextweek.A．ThereB．ItC．ThatD．This改错,下列每句所给的选项中，各有一项是错的，请指出并改正。41、Heiscertainthatthesecretarywillbethere.ABCD42、Ithinkthatagoodideatogetupearly.ABCD43、Itmakesmefeelsadthatseeyou.ABCD44、Doyoufinditverydulllivehere?ABCD45、Itisnousetocryoverspiltmilk.ABCD46、Thereitmusthavebeenamistake.ABCD47、ThereisgoingtohaveanEnglishpartyattheweekend.ABCD141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 48、Isthereanyonewhowaitingtoseeme?ABCD49、Therehaveamansittingbeyondthatfence.ABCD50、Itwasacarreadyforus.ABCD【答案】：1、B2、D3、B4、C5、C6、D7、A8、D9、D10、A11、A12、C13、B14、D15、C16、D17、C18、A19、B20、A21、B22、C23、D24、A25、D26、B27、A28、B29、C30、B31、B32、C33、C34、A35、B36、B37、C38、B39、A40、A41、AHe－it42、Bthat－it43、Cthat－to44、Dlive前加to45、Ctocry－crying46、Bit去掉47、Bhave－be48、Cwho后加is或把who去掉49、Ahave－is50、AIt－There十一、交际英语知识要点：一、Greeting（问候）1、Goodmorning!(afternoon,evening)2、Hello!(Hi)3、Howdoyoudo?4、Howareyou?5、Howareyougettingonwithyourstudies?6、How"severythingwithyou?7、Didyouhaveaniceholiday?(summervacation)二、Introduction（介绍）A．Introduction:1、Thisismyfriend,Tom..2、Letmeintrouduceyoutomyfriend,Tom.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、MayIintroducemyself?I"mTom.4、Pleaseallowmetointroducemyfriend,Tom.5、I"dlikeyoutomeetmyfriendTom.B．Responses:1、Howdoyoudo?Pleasedtomeetyou.(Gladtomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou.)2、It"smypleasuretohavethischancetomeetyou.三、Farewells（告别）A．Farewells:1、It"sgettinglate.Imustbegoing.2、It"sfiveo"clockalready.Imustbeoffnow.3、Oh,God,it"slate,I"vegottogo.4、It"stimeIwasgoing,I"mafraid.5、IthinkImustgonow.6、IthinkI"dbetterleave.7、I"mgladtohavemetyou.B．Responses:1、Comeagainwheneveryouarefree.2、Ifyoupassmyhome,dropin.3、Goodnight,haveanicedream.4、Can"tyoustayalittlelonger?5、Ihopewe"llmeetagainsometime.四、AskingandDirectingtheWay（问路和指路）A．Askingtheway:1、Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?2、Isthisthewaytothepostoffice?3、Excuseme,howcanIgettothepostoffice?4、Whichisthenearestwaytothepostoffice?5、Isthepostofficefarfromhere?6、Howlongwillittakemetogettothepostoffice?7、Excuseme,isthereapostofficenearhere?8、Excuseme,doesthisbusgotothepostoffice?B．Responses:141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 1、Goaheadtillyoucometothenextcrossing.2、No,it"snotfarfromhere.It"sonlyabouttenminutes"walk.3、It"sabout200yardsdownthestreet.4、TakeBusNo.3anditwilltakeyourightthere.5、Godownthestreetandtakethesecondturningontheleft.五、AskingforTimeandDate（询问时间与日期）A．Asking:1、Whattimeisitnow?2、What"sthetimebyyourwatch?3、Whatdayisittoday?4、Whatisthedatetoday?5、Isyourwatchcorrect?B．Responses:1、It"sten.2、It"sWednesday.3、It"sOctober,8th.4、Mywatchsaysit"s7:30.5、Mywatchalwayskeepsgoodtime.六、AskingaboutHealth（询问健康）A．Asking:1、Howareyouthesedays?2、What"swrongwithyou?3、Haveyouseenthedoctor?4、Youlooktired.What"swrong?B．Responses:1、I"mnotquitemyselftoday.2、Mystomachhurts.3、Idon"tfeellikeeatinganythingtoday.4、I"vegotabadcold.七、TalkingaboutWeather（谈论天气）1、It"safineday,isn"tit?2、What"sthetemperaturetoday?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、What"stheweatherliketoday?4、Howistheweather?5、What"stheweathergoingtobelikeattheweekend?6、DoyouliketheweatherinBeijing?7、Doyouthinkthatwearegoingtohavesnowtoday?八、Invitations（邀请）A．Invitations:1、Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?2、Willyoubeabletocometomybirthdayparty?3、I"dbeverygladifyouwouldcometomybirthdayparty.4、Canyoufixatimeforapicnic?5、Areyoufreetomorrow?What(How)abouthavingapicnic?6、Won"tyoucomewithme?7、Youwillcometohavedinnerwithme,won"tyou?B．Responses:1、I"dbegladto,thankyou.2、It"sverykindofyoutoinviteme.3、I"dliketo,butI"mtoobusy.4、Thankyouforyourkindinvitation,Iwill.5、I"mafraidnot.Iwillhavetolookaftermysickmother.6、I"msorry,Ican"t.Thankyouverymuch.九、MakinganAppointment（约会）A．Makinganappointment:1、Areyoufreethisafternoon?2、Howabouttomorrowevening?3、Shallwemeetat7:00atthegateofthecinema?4、Whenwillyoubeabletoseeus?5、WhattimecanIcallonyou?6、WillyoubeathomenextSunday?7、Don"tforgettocometomybirthdayparty.B．Responses:1、Tomorroweveningwillbeallright.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 2、Yes,I"llbefreethen.3、No,Iwon"tbefreethen,butI"llbefreenextWednesday.十、Makingaphonecall（打电话）A．Makingacall:1、Hello,isMaryin?2、Hello,isthatMaryspeaking?3、CanIhaveyourtelephonenumber,please?4、Hello,mayIspeaktoMary?5、Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?6、Whoisit,please?B．Responses:1、ThisisMaryspeaking.2、Holdonplease.3、Mary,youarewantedonthephone.4、Maryisn"thererightnow.CanItakeamessageforyou?十一、Shopping（购物）A．Shopassistant:1、WhatcanIdoforyou?2、Can(May)Ihelpyou?3、Howmuchdoyouwant?4、Whataboutthis(these)?B．Customer:1、I"dliketohavealookatthesweater.2、That"stooexpensive(dear),I"mafraid.3、That"sfine.I"lltakeit.4、Howmuchisit?十二、SeeingtheDoctor（看病）A．Doctor:1、What"swrong(thematter)withyou?2、Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?3、Letmeexamineyou.4、Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 5、Drinkplentyofwaterandtakeagoodrest.6、It"snothingserious.Takeiteasy.B．Patient:1、There"ssomethingwrongwithmystomach.2、I"vegotapainhere.3、Ifeelterrible(sick).4、Thisplacehurts.5、Idon"tfeellikeeatinganything.十三、RequestsandOffers（请求与提供帮助）A．Requests:1、Can(could)youdosomethingforme?2、Will(would)youdosomethingforme?3、MayIhavesomeice—cream?4、Pleasedomeafavor.5、Pleasedon"topenthewindow.6、Do(Would)youmindturningdowntheradio?7、Iwonderifyoucouldlendmesomemoney.B．Offers:1、Can(Shall)Ihelpyou?2、WhatcanIdoforyou?3、Isthereanything(else)Icandoforyou?4、Wouldyoulikemetodothisforyou?5、Wouldyoulikesomehelp?十四、AskingforPermission（请求允许）A．Askforpermission:1、MayIparkmycarhere?2、Can(Could)Ismokeinthisroom?3、Do(Would)youmindifIsmoke(smoked)here?4、IwonderifIcouldsmokehere.B．Responses:1、Certainly.(sure,ofcourse),goahead2、Yes,please.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 3、Allright(OK).4、I"msorry,it"snotallowed.5、I"mafraidnot.十五、AdviceandSuggestions（劝告和建议）1、You"dbettergotoseethedoctor.2、Youshoulddoitatonce.3、WhynotgoonapicnicnextSunday?4、What(How)aboutgoingtherebyboat?5、Haveyouconsideredgoingtherebyboat?6、Shallwetakeawalkaftersupper?7、Isuggestyoudomorereading.8、Iadviseyoutotakemoreexercises.【专项训练】一、Greeting1、—Hello,Joan.—Kate.Gladtoseeyou.A．HiB．HelloC．GoodmorningD．Howdoyoudo2、—Hi,haven"tseenyouforages!Youlookfine.—.Youlookwelltoo.A．GreatB．ThanksC．Oh,noD．Notatall3、—Howareyou!Jane?—A．Howareyou,Mary?B．Fine,thanks,andyou?C．Allisright.D．That"sgood.4、—Howdoyoudo?—.A．Verywell,thankyou.B．Why,yes.I"mfine.C．Howdoyoudo?D．Whataboutyou?5、—How"severythingwithyou?—.A．Fine,thanksB．It"sallright141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．ThankverymuchD．I"mverywell6、—How"syourworkgoing?—A．Nottoowell,I"mafraid.B．Quitegood.Whataboutyou?C．Fine,howareyou,then?D．Well,thanksalot.7、—Didyouhaveagoodsummerholiday?—Yes,thanks.Kate?—She"sOK,thanks.A．what"sisB．HowisC．What"swrongD．and8、—Gladtomeetyouagain.Howareyou?—I"mjust.（老样子）A．myoldselfB．oldmyselfC．myselfoldD．asoldmyself9、—It"snicetoseeyouinNewYork.How"syourfamily?—.Mywifeaskedmetosayhellotoyou.A．It"sverywellB．TheyarefineC．That"sallrightD．Theyaregood10、—How"stheyoungman?—.A．He"stwentyB．He"sadoctorC．He"smuchbetterD．He"sDavid11、—Howonwithyournewjobthesedays?—Notbad.A．doyougetB．didyougetC．areyougettingD．haveyougetting12、—Hello,Kate!Fancymeetingyouhere!Workingagain,areyou?—Yes,,ifIwanttopasstheexams.A．I"vegottoB．nootherwayC．ImustdoD．Ihaveonway141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 13、Intheeveningyoumeetyourforeignteacherwalkingtowardsthereataurant,youshouldsay.A．Goodevening.B．Goodnight.C．Hello.Haveyouhadyoursupper?D．Hi!Goingtodinner.二、Introduction1、—Hi,Tom,thisismyfriendJohn.—A．Nicetomeetyou.B．Howareyou?C．Hi,Tom,I"mJohn.D．AreyouTom?2、—Letmeintroducemyself.I"mAlbert.—.A．WithapleasureB．It"smypleasureC．I"mverypleasedD．Pleasedtomeetyou3、Whenyouareintroducedtosomeone,youshouldsayA．I"mgettingonwellB．IloveyouverymuchC．Fine,thankyou.D．Howdoyoudo?4、—Haveyoumetmygirlfriend,Susan?Susan,thisisLi.—A．Gladtomeetyou.B．Thankyou.C．Howareyou?D．Welcomehome.5、—PleaseallowmetointrouduceMr.Smith,directorofthedepartment.—（久仰大名）A．Ihaven"tseenyoubefore.B．Haven"twemetbefore?C．I"veheardsomuchaboutyou.D．Howdoyoudo?6、IfMr.Bakerishere,willpleasemaketome?A．you,yourselfknowB．you,youknowC．he,usknowD．he,himselfknow7、Let"sgivehima.A．warmwelcomeB．warmingwelcome141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．warmlywelcomeD．warmwelcoming三、Farewells1、—It"sfiveo"clockalready,Imustbegoing.—Well,comeagainyouarefree.A．ifB．wheneverC．whenD．while2、—Oh,God,it"slate.I"vegottogo.—.Hopetoseethemsoon.A．GiveyourparentsmygreetingsB．RemembermetoyourparentsC．ShowmygreetingstoyourparentsD．Sayhellotoyourparents3、—It"stimeIwasgoing,I"mafraid.—.A．GoodeveningB．GoodnightC．Bey—beyD．Allthebest4、—Well,I"dbetterletyougetonwithyourwork.—.A．I"vewastedalotofyourtimeB．ThankyouforalovelyafternoonC．YoumustbetiredD．I"msorrytotroubleyou5、—I"mflyinghomeonSundaymorning.—Iwishyou.A．apleasantjourneyhomeB．agoodtripC．goodluckyD．ahappyjourneytravel6、—IthinkImustgonow.Seeyoulater.—.A．YoucangoB．SeeyoulaterC．Bye—byeD．Solong7、—I"mgladtohavemetyou.Dropbysometime.—.A．ThankyouB．Givemeacall141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．Thanks,IcertainlywillD．Takecare8、—It"sverykindofyoutocomeandseemeoff.—.A．It"smypleasureB．muchbetterC．Don"tsayitD．Noproblem9、—I"mgoingcampingthisweekend.—.A．Canyoufish?B．HaveagoodtimeC．No,I"mtoobusyD．Don"tgiveupnow10、—I"llgotoBeijingthisweekend..A．YouareluckyB．ThebestofluckC．ThankyouD．Good—bye四、AskingandDirectingtheWay1、—Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestbusstopis?—I"msorry,Ihavenoidea.I.A．don"tknowB．amastragerhereC．amnewD．justcome2、—willittakemetowalkthere?—Abouttenminutes.A．HowfarB．HowlongC．HowmuchD．Whatfar3、—Excuseme,isthereacinemaaroundhere?—Yes,pleasego,thenturnrightthefirstcrossing.A．before,onB．ahead,atC．along,ofD．forward,to4、—Excuseme,officer.Ican"tfindthesubwayentrance.—Seethoseglassdoors?Goinandyouwillseeitonyourright.A．Canyouhelpme?B．Whereisit?C．Showmetheway?D．Youareveryhelpful5、—Isyourschoolfarfromhere?—Notveryfar,.A．itisabouttenminutes"walkB．itneestowalktenminutes141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．youneedwalkingtenminutesD．itisaboutten—minuteswalk6、—Couldyoutellmewherethetrainstationis?—.A．It"soverthereB．It"sonthethirdfloorC．No,IknowlittleD．Yes,it"sthere7、—Excuseme,isthisMr.Brown"soffice?—I"msorry,butMr.Brownworkshere.A．notnowB．nomoreC．notstillD．nolonger8、—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytotheSleepingBeautyCastle?—Yes,.A．GodownthisroadB．GoaheadtillyouseetheentranceC．It"snotfarfromhereD．Youcanwalkthere五、AskingforTimeandDate1、—?—It"sthethirdofMay?A．WhatdayisitB．What"sthedateC．What"sthetimeD．What"stheclock2、—?—I"msorry,mywatchhasstopped.A．WhenisitB．HowmuchisitC．WhatisthetimeD．What"stheclock3、—Isyourwatchright?—Ithinkso.Isetittheradiothismorning.A．toB．ofC．byD．through4、—Whatdayisittoday?—.A．July27B．SaturdayC．the27ofJulyD．Women"sDay5、—Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu —1982.A．AfterB．InC．FromD．Since6、—Whenareyouoff?—at21:24.—Ihopeyouwillhaveagoodflight.A．MybusleavesB．MyplanetakesoffC．MytraingoesD．Mycoachgoes7、—willtheworkbeready?—twomonths.A．Howlong,AfterB．Howoften,ForC．Howsoon,InD．Howmuch,During8、—Isyourwatchcorrect?—Yes,mywatch.A．runswellB．keepsgoodtimeC．keepsrightD．neverstops六、AskingaboutHealth1、—How"syourbrotherthesedays?—Hehasn"tbeentowell.—What"sthematter?A．It"sbad.B．I"msorrytoherethat.C．Verybadly.D．Why?2、—Ihaven"tseenBoblately.—Asamatteroffact,heisill.A．Whereishe?B．Why?C．Howishe?D．Whatdoeshedo?3、—Yousoundasifyou"vegotacold..—.—Getagoodrest.A．Yes,asifB．I"vebeenover—workingC．Idon"tthinksoD．Ihopenot4、—I"mafraidI"vegotabadcold.—.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．NevermindB．KeepawayfrommeC．BettergoandseeadoctorD．Youneedtotakemedicine5、—Johnhascaughtabadcold.—.A．It"stoobadB．Idon"tbelieveitC．I"msorrytohearthatD．Takeiteasy6、—,Wang?—I"vegotaheadacheandIfeelchilly.A．What"swrongB．WhatthematterisC．WhatismatterD．Howaboutyou7、—Mystomachhurts.Ifeelsick.—Forsafety"ssake,.A．gotoseeadoctortomorrowB．BettertogotohospitalC．you"dbetterseeadoctoratonceD．Quickgotohospital七、TalkingaboutWeather1、—Itseemstobeclearingup.—Thatwillbeanicechange,?A．isn"titB．won"titC．can"titD．doesn"tit2、—Howcoldisittoday?—.A．Justso—soB．nottooC．It"stenbelowzeroD．Yes,itis3、—?—It"sverycoldanddamp.A．What"stheweatherB．How"stheweathertodayC．IsitraininglastnightD．Mightithaverainedalot141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 4、—DoyouliketheweatherinNorthChina?—Notreally,butnow.A．IfititB．IamusedtoitC．IusedtoitD．Iagreetoit5、—Iwonderwhattheweatherisgoingtobeliketomorrow?—.—That"sagoodidea.A．Let"slookthroughthepaperB．Let"slistentotheweatherreportontheradioC．BetterbecareoftheradioD．Payattentiontotheradio6、—.—Itcertainlyis.Thesunisshiningandthereisapleasantbreeze.—It"slovely.A．WhatniceitisB．HowniceitishereC．ItislikespringhereD．Whatagooddayhere7、—Whataniceday,isn"tit?—A．You"reright.B．Yes,isn"tit?C．Yes,Iagree.D．Really?8、—?—Yes,abitcold,though.A．Coldweather,isn"titB．Badweather,don"tyouthinkC．Freezing,isn"titD．Niceday,isn"tit9、—today?—It"sniceandwarm.A．What"stheweatherB．What"stheweatherlikeC．HowistheweatherlikeD．Howdoestheweatherlooklike141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 10、—Doyouthinkitisgoingtosnowovertheweekend?—.A．Idon"tbelieveB．Idon"tbelieveitC．IbelievenotsoD．Ibelievenot八、Invitations1、—Wouldyouliketocomearoundforamealonmybirthday?—Oh,yes.Thankyouverymuch.A．Whenisyourbirthday?B．Whatdayisyourbirthday?C．Whenwereyouborn?D．Whattimeisyourbirthday?2、—Haveyougotanythingtodotomorrow?—.A．Yes,alotofB．No,Iwon"tbebusyC．CertainlyhaveD．Oh,that"sapity3、—Wouldyouliketocometothecinema,Frank?—Ihavetodomyhomework.A．Idon"t,I"mafraid.B．Ican"t,I"mafraid.C．I"msorry.D．Oh,pity!4、—Helen,I"dbegladifyouwouldcomeandhaveteawithusonFriday.—.A．ItrytogoB．Manythanksforyourkindinvitation,IwillC．IamverybusyD．Imustgo5、—Howaboutgoingto"Grand"fordinner?—.It"salongtimesincewehadagoodmeal.A．wellB．ThatsoundslikeagoodideaC．ThankyouD．ButI"mtoobusy6、—Doyouhavetogo?Can"tyoustayandhaveameal?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu —IreallythinkImustbeoffnow.A．I"dloveto,butB．Yes,ImustC．No,Idon"thavetobutD．Yes,Ican,but7、—Wouldyouliketocometothepartytomorrow?—.A．I"dlikeB．IlikeitC．I"dliketoD．I"dlikeit8、—WillyoubeabletocomeandseeusonFriday?—.Iwillhavetowork.A．IbelieveyesB．Idon"thopesoC．Iwon"tbeabletoD．I"mafraidnot9、—ShallIcallforyouofwillyoucallforme?—You"dbettercomeforme,?A．canyouB．OKC．reallyD．wouldyou10、—Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—I"dliketo,I"mtoobusy.A．andB．soC．asD．but九、MakinganAppointment1、—Goodmorning,I"dliketoseeMr.Baker,please.—Mr.Bakerisquitebusy..A．Youcan"tseehimB．Youwon"tbeabletoseehimC．I"mafraidyouwon"tbeabletoseehimtoday.D．Pleasecomenexttime.2、—Willyoubeabletocometoseeussometimenextmonth?—.A．IbelieveyesB．Idon"thopesoC．Iwon"tbeabletoD．I"mafraidnot3、—Whenwillyoubefreethismonth,Mr.Smith?—,maybewe"llbefreenextSunday.A．LetmebeB．LetmeseeC．I"mafraidD．Thinkitover4、—WhattimecanIcallonyou?—Anytimethiseveningwillbe.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．OKB．rightC．goodD．free5、—I"msorrytosaythatIcan"tcometoyourpartytonight.—?Haven"tweagreedon?A．WhatisitB．WhatisitnowC．HowisitD．Whatdoyouthink6、—IhaveanappointmentwithMr.Black.MynameisJohnBrown.—Ah,yes,yourappointmentisat4:15.,please,Mr.Brown?A．WaitaminuteB．MayyouwaitC．CanyouwaitaminuteD．Takeiteasy7、—I"msorrytokeepyouwaiting.—Oh,notatall.Ihereonlyafewminutes.A．havebeenB．hadbeenC．wasD．willbe8、—I"llcomebacktomorroweveningatnine.Canyoumeetmeattheairport?—.A．AllrightB．Allright.NicetoseeyouC．OK,waitformeD．Allright.Seeyouthen9、—WillyoubeathomenextSunday?—A．Yes,butwhy?B．No,nevermind.C．Notatall.D．Yes,ofcoursenot.10、—Don"tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.—.A．Idon"tB．Iwon"tC．Ican"tD．Ihaven"t十、Makingaphonecall1、—Hello,isHenryin?—I"msorry,heisn"there.?A．What"sthematterB．MayIhelpyouC．IsthereanythingD．Whoareyou2、—Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?—!What"syourname,please?A．SureB．OhC．YesD．Well3、—?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu —Sure,it"s65250786.A．What"syourtelephonenumberB．CanIhaveyourtelephonenumberC．CanIhelpyouD．Canyoumakeyourtelephonenumber4、Theoperatorputhimto65250786.A．overB．onC．throughD．in5、—WouldyoupleasetellJohnIcalled?—,please.A．HoldonB．HoldupC．HoldoverD．Holdout6、—Isthisnumber61234567?—.A．No,youarewrongB．Sorry,you"vegotthewrongphoneC．No,you"vedialedthewrongnumberD．No,youareright7、—Hello.MayIspeaktoZhouLan?—Yes..A．MynameisZhouLanB．I"mZhouLanC．ThisisZhouLanspeakingD．ZhouLan"sme8、—Doyouwanttohaveamessage?—No,thanks.Iinhalfanhour.A．willcallagainB．cancallC．mayphonehimD．wouldcall十一、Shopping1、—I"dliketobuyaten—speedbicycle.—Howaboutthiskindoftype?—?A．HowmanyisitB．HowisitC．HowmuchisitD．Howexpensiveis141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 2、—doyouwant?—Halfakilo,please.A．HowmanyapplesB．WhatareapplesC．HowmanyappleD．Howmuchapples3、—What"stheproblem?—I"mafraid.It"sasize12andit"stoosmall.A．itdon"tsuitB．itisn"tfitC．itdoesn"tfitD．itisn"tsuit4、—Howmuchistheblueskirt?—Tendollars.A．Howmanysizedoyouwant?B．Whatsizedoyoutake?C．Howlargedoyouwant?D．Whatsizedoyoudress?5、—Whataboutthedarkbluesweater?—Ilikeit,butit.Youdecide.A．coststoomuchB．taketoomuchC．costtoomanyD．spendstoomuch6、—WouldyoumindifIlookedatsomeofyourtaperecorders?—.A．I"dbettertoseewhatthebosshastosayaboutitB．Notatall,sir.GorightaheadC．ThankyouforyourcomingD．Yes,dothat,sir7、—Doyouthinktheshirtreallyfitsme?—.Itgoeswellwithyourtie,too.A．OfcourseitdoesB．Yes,itdoesC．IamnotsureD．Perhapsitdoes8、—ShallIasktheshopkeeperifIcan.—OK.Andwe"dbetteraskMomwhetherit"scheapenough.A．takeitonB．tryitonC．wearD．putiton9、—Howmuchdidyouthedress?—We210yuanforit.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．spend,payforB．payfor,costforC．payfor,paidD．take,pay十二、SeeingtheDoctor1、—Well,?—Ifeelhotandfeverish.A．howdoyoufeellikeB．what"sthematterwithyouC．whatdoyoufeelD．whatillnessdoyouhave2、—?—Yes,Ihave.Mytemperatureseemsallright.A．DoyouknowyourtemperatureB．HaveyoutakenyourtemperatureC．HaveyouhadyourtemperatureD．Doyouhaveyourtemperature3、—Oh,doctor.Areyousureit"snothingserious?—Yes,.I"msureofthat.A．he"llwellsoonB．hecanberightquicklyC．he"llbeallrightsoonD．he"llbegoodsoon4、—Youhaven"thadyourlunch?—Ihadalittle,but.A．Ididn"tfeellikeeatingB．Ididn"tfeelliketoeatC．Ididn"tliketoeatingD．Ididn"twanttoeating5、—?—I"mfeelingevenworseaftertakingthemedicine.A．AreyoufeelingbetterB．HowareyoufeelingC．HowareyougettingonD．Howareyougoing6、—Howaboutyourheadachenow?—Ican"tgetridofit.Idon"tknowwhat"sthematter.—Takeiteasy..141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu —Thankyou,doctor.A．TakethismedicinebeforeyougotobedB．DrinkplentyofwaterandtakeagoodrestC．TakethismedicineadaythreetimesD．Gohomeandlieinbedforagoodrest7、—MywholebodyfeelsweakandI"vegotaheadache.—?A．HowlongagodidyougetitthisB．HowlonghaveyoubeenlikethisC．HowsoonhaveyougotitD．Howsoonhaveyoulikedthis十三、RequestsandOffers1、—CanIcountonyouforhelp?—A．Asyoulike.B．I"msorry.C．Yes,youcertainlycanD．Whydoyouask?2、—Couldyousparemesomeink?—.A．Yes,ofcourseB．NotatallC．Yes,IcoldD．Nevermind3、—Letmehelpyoucarrythebox.—No,Icanmanage,but.A．notatallB．itdoesn"tmatterC．thankyoujustthesameD．thesametoyou4、—Willyoumakemeakite?—.A．I"mgladB．I"llbegladC．I"mgoingtogladD．I"llbegladto5、—Youseemtogetlost.Needhelp?—A．Yes,wouldyouhelpmewiththebag?B．Yes,takemeplease.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．Helpmefindthekey,please.D．I"mlookingforShanghaiRoad.6、—I"llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?—Notatall..A．I"venotimeB．I"drathernotC．I"dlikeitD．I"dbehappyto7、Ifyouwanttoasksomeoneforhelp,whichdrillsshouldn"tyousay?A．CouldyoudomeafavorB．WouldyoudomeafavorC．MayIaskafavorofyouD．Canyougivemeahelp8、—CanIhavesomemeat?—Certainly,just.A．takeitasyoulikeB．eatitasyoupleaseC．helpyourselfD．helpyourselfathome十四、AskingforPermission1、—WouldyoumindifIplayedtheviolinhere?—.A．No,youwon"tB．No,doasyoupleaseC．Yes,Idon"tmindD．Yes,doasyouplease2、—MayIstophere?—No,you.A．mustn"tB．mightnotC．needn"tD．won"t3、—ShallItellJohnaboutit?—No,you.I"vetoldhimalready.A．needn"tB．wouldn"tC．mustn"tD．shouldn"t4、—CanIuseyourtaperecorderforawhile?—Yes,.A．goaheadB．youcan"tbrokeitC．allrightD．no,sorry5、?Ididn"tquitecatchyou.A．Willyoupleaserepeatitagain141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu B．PardonC．WhatdidyousayD．Sayitagainnow6、Dickwantstogotothetoiletduringtheclass.Heputsuphishandandsaystohisteacher:A．Excuseme,Ican"tstandanylonger.B．Willyoupleaseletmego?C．Please,sir,mayIbeexcused?D．Imustgooutside.7、—CanIgoandhavealookatit?—Yes,ofcourse..A．AftermeB．ComethiswayC．YoumaylookD．Thisdirection十五、AdviceandSuggestions1、—Iusuallygotherebytrain.—Whynotbyboatforachange?A．totrygoingB．tryingtogoC．totryandgoD．trygoing2、—I"dlikeinformationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel.—Well,youcouldhavewordwiththemanager,hemightbehelpfulA．some,aB．an,someC．some,someD．an,a3、—I"mafraidI"vegotabadcold.—.A．NevermindB．KeepawayfromthemedicineC．BettergoandseeadoctorD．Youneedtakeamedicine4、—Ican"tseethewordsontheblackboard.—Perhapsyouneed.A．toexamineyoureyesB．tohaveyoureyesexaminedC．tohaveexaminedyoureyesD．youreyestobeexamined141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 5、—Let"sgoandseeourteacheronTeachers"Day.A．That"swilldoB．That"sallC．That"sallrightD．Allright【答案】一、Greetings:1、B2、B3、B4、C5、A6、B7、B8、A9、B10、C11、C12、A13、A二、Introduction:1、A2、D3、D4、A5、C6、D7、A三、Farewells:1、B2、D3、B4、B5、A6、B7、C8、A9、B10、B四、AskingandDirectingtheWay:1、B2、B3、B4、A5、A6、A7、D8、B五、AskingforTimeandDate:1、B2、C3、C4、B5、D6、B7、C8、B六、AskingaboutHealth:1、B2、C3、B4、C5、C6、A7、C七、TalkingaboutWeather:1、B2、C3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8、D9、B10、D八、Invitation:1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、A7、C8、D9、B10、D九、MakinganAppointment:1、C2、D3、B4、A5、C6、C7、A8、D9、A10、B141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 十、MakingaPhoneCall:1、B2、A3、B4、C5、A6、C7、C8、A十一、Shopping:1、C2、A3、C4、B5、A6、B7、A8、B9、C十二、SeeingtheDoctor:1、B2、B3、C4、A5、B6、A7、B十三、RequestsandOffers:1、C2、A3、C4、D5、D6、D7、D8、C十四、AskingforPermission:1、B2、A3、A4、A5、B6、C7、B十五、AdviceandSuggestions:1、D2、A3、C4、B5、D十二、非谓语动词知识要点：一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（theInfinitive）；动名词（theGerund）；现在分词（thePresentParticiple）；过去分词（thePastParticiple）。1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：Theybuiltagarden.Theysuggestedbuildingagarden.2）都可以被状语修饰：Thesuitfitshimverywell.Thesuitusedtofithimverywell.3）都有主动与被动,“体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如：Hewaspunishedbyhisparents.（谓语动词被动语态）141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Heavoidedbeingpunishedbyhisparents.（动名词的被动式）Wehavewrittenthecomposition.（谓语动词的完成时）Havingwrittenthecomposition,wehandeditin.（现在分词的完成式）4）都可以有逻辑主语Theystartedtheworkatonce.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）Thebossorderedthemtostartthework.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）WeareLeaguemembers.（谓语动词的主语）WebeingLeaguemember,theworkwaswelldone.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。（二）非谓语动词的句法功能：句子成分非谓语主语表语宾语补语定语状语同位语不定式üüüüüüü动名词üüü（极少）üü现在分词üüüü过去分词üüüü二、非谓语动词用法：（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。1、不定式的形式：主动被动一般式towritetobewritten进行式tobewriting/完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten否定式：not+(to)do1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：I’mgladtomeetyou.Heseemstoknowalot.Weplantopayavisit.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Hewantstobeanartist.Thepatientaskedtobeoperatedonatonce.Theteacherorderedtheworktobedone.2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard.Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：Iregrettedtohavetoldalie.Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.Heispleasedtohavemethisfriend.2、不定式的句法功能：1）作主语：Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.Toloseyourheartmeansfailure.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，例如上面两句可用如下形式：Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.2）作表语：Herjobistocleanthehall.Heappearstohavecaughtacold.3）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer,如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.4）作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,invite.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：Withalotofworktodo,hedidn’tgotothecinema.有些动词如make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to,如：Isawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseentocrosstheroad.5）作定语：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：A）动宾关系：Ihaveameetingtoattend.注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：Hefoundagoodhousetolivein.Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout.Whatdidyouopenitwith?如果不定式修饰time,place,way，可以省略介词：Hehasnoplacetolive.Thisisthebestwaytoworkoutthisproblem.如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：Haveyougotanythingtosent?Haveyougotanythingtobesent?B）说明所修饰名词的内容：Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.C）被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：Heisthefirsttogethere.6）作状语：A）表目的：Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：wrong：Tosavemoney,everymeanshasbeentried.right:Tosavemoney,hehastriedeverymeans.wrong：TolearnEnglishwell,adictionaryisneeded.right:TolearnEnglishwell,heneedsadictionary.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu B）表结果：Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.常用only放在不定式前表示强调：Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.C）表原因：Theywereverysadtohearthenews.D）表程度：It’stoodarkforustoseeanything.Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.7）作独立成分：Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tlikethewayhetalked.8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。Ifyoudon’twanttodoit,youdon’tneedto.9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。Hewishedtostudymedicineandbecomeadoctor.（二）动名词：动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。1、动名词的形式：语态式主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否定式：not+动名词1）一般式：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。2）被动式：Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。3）完成式：Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.我们记得看过这部电影。4）完成被动式：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。5）否定式：not+动名词141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔没听他的劝告。6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+动名词Hesuggestedourtryingitonceagain.他建议我们再试一次。HisnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。2、动名词的句法功能：1）作主语：Readingaloudisveryhelpful.朗读是很有好处的。Collectingstampsisinteresting.集邮很有趣。当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。It’snousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。2）作表语：Intheantcity,thequeen’sjobislayingeggs.在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。3）作宾语：Theyhaven’tfinishedbuildingthedam.他们还没有建好大坝。Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.我们发现取笑他人不好。要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid（避免）,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit（承认），deny（否认）,mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk（冒险）,appreciate（感激）,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’tstand,can’thelp,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent…(from),keep…from,stop…（from）,protect…from,setabout,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellike4）作定语：Hecan’twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路。Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool.你们学校有游泳池吗？5）作同位语：Thecave,hishiding-placeissecret.那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsunchanged.他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。（三）现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。1、现在分词的形式：现在及物动词write不及物动词go分词主动语态被动语态主动语态141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 一般式writingbeingwrittengoing完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwrittenhavinggone否定式：not+现在分词1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：Theywenttothepark,singingandtalking.他们边唱边说向公园走去。Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasket-ball.做完作业，他开始打兰球。2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被讨论的问题很重要。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。2、现在分词的句法功能：1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前，如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：inthefollowingyears也可用intheyearsthatfollowed,themanspeaking可改为themanwhoisspeaking.2）现在分词作表语：Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在这家上演的电影很棒。Thepresentsituationisinspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心。be+doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be+doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。3）作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,leave,catch等。例如：Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他让小汽车在门口等着。4）现在分词作状语：A）作时间状语：(While)Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。B）作原因状语：BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。C）作方式状语，表示伴随：Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashing.他呆在家里，又擦又洗。D）作条件状语：141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu (If)Playingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。E）作结果状语：Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。F）作目的状语：Hewentswimmingtheotherday.几天前他去游泳了。G）作让步状语：Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。H）与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,we’lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。H）作独立成分：Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看，他一定是个演员。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecareful.一般说来，女孩子更细心。（四）过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。过去分词的句法功能：1、过去分词作定语：OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.当选为委员的人将出席这次会。注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。2、过去分词作表语：Thewindowisbroken.窗户破了。Thewerefrightenedatthesadsight.他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。注意be+过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别：Thewindowisbroken.（系表）Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.（被动）有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如：boiledwater（开水）fallenleaves（落叶）newlyarrivedgoods（新到的货）therisensun（升起的太阳）141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu thechangedworld（变了的世界）这类过去分词有：gone,come,fallen,risen,changed,arrived,returned,passed等。3、过去分词作宾语补足语：Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：Withtheworkdone,theywentouttoplay.工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。4、过去分词作状语：Praisedbytheneighbours,hebecametheprideofhisparents.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）Givenmoretime,I’llbeabletodoitbetter.如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.虽然被告之危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）Filledwithhopesandfears,heenteredthecave.心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。5、过去分词与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Allbooksreturnedattheendoftheterm,thelibraryassistantwassatisfied.所有的书期末时都还了，图书管理员很高兴。Thefieldploughed,hebegantospreadseed.地耕好了，他开始撒种子。非谓语动词用法对比知识要点：一、不定式与动名词做主语：1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例如：Collectinginformationaboutchildren’shealthishisjob.收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。It’snecessarytodiscusstheproblemwithanexperiencedteacher.与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：（1）It’sdifficult(important,necessary)forsb.todo（2）It’skind(good,friendly,polite,careless,rude,cruel,clever,foolish,brave)ofsb.todo.3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’snogood(use,fun)doing.It’s(a)wasteoftimeone’sdoing.It’sworthwhiledoing.二、不定式、动名词、分词做表语：1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。Histeachingaimofthisclassistotrainthestudents’speakingability.他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可以互换，动名词常用于口语中。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Itsfull-timejobislayingeggs.它的（指蚁后）的专职工作是产卵。3、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征；进行时表示正在进行的动作。Thetaskofthisclassispractisingtheidioms.（现在分词做表语）Withthehelpoftheteacher,thestudentsarepractisingtheidioms.（现在进行时）4、常用作表语的现在分词有：interesting,amusing,disappointing,missing,puzzling,exciting,inspiring,following等。现在分词表示进行与主动。Thejokeisamusing.这笑话很逗人。Theproblemispuzzling.这个问题令人不解。5、过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。Thevillageissurroundedbyhighmountains.（过去分词做表语）TheenemywassurroundedbytheRedArmy.（被动语态）Heiswelleducated.（过去分词做表语）Hehasbeeneducatedinthiscollegeforthreeyears.（被动语态）常用在句中做表语的过去分词有：used,closed,covered,interested,followed,satisfied,surrounded,done,lost,decided,prepared,saved,shut,won,completed,crowded,dressed,wasted,broken,married,unexpected等。6、注意如下动词的现在分词与过去分词用法不同：interest（使…感兴趣），surprise（使…吃惊），frighten（使…害怕），excite（使…兴奋），tire（使…疲劳），please（使…满意），puzzle（使…迷惑不解），satisfy（使…满意），amuse（使…娱乐），disappoint（使…失望），inspire（使…欢欣鼓舞），worry（使…忧虑）它们的现在分词常修饰物（有时修饰人），表示主动，过去分词常修饰人，表示被动（包括某人的look、voice等）。例如：Climbingistiring.爬山很累人。Theyareverytired.他们很疲劳Afterhearingtheexcitingnews,hegaveaspeechinanexcitedvoice.三、不定式与动名词做宾语：1、下列动词跟不定式做宾语：want,wish,hope,expect,ask,pretend,care,decide,happen,long,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,cause,afford,beg,manage,agree,promise等。2、在下列动词或动词短语后用动名词做宾语：enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,appreciate,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’tstand,can’thelp,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent…(from),keep…from,stop…(from),protect…from,setabout,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston等。3、在forget,remember,stop,regret,try,mean等动词后跟不定式与动名词意义不同，不定式表示谓语动词之后的动作，而动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，常用一般式doing代替完成式havingdone.Heforgottotellmetoposttheletter.（他忘了叫我发信。）Ishallneverforgetfindingthatrarestamponanordinaryenvelope.我永远也忘不了在一个普通信封上发现了那枚珍贵的邮票。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Remembertowritetouswhenyougetthere.到那里，记得给我们写信。Idon’tremembermeetinghim.我不记得见过他。IregrettotellyouthatIcan’tgotoyourbirth-dayparty.我很遗憾告诉你我不能去参加你的生日晚会了。Theyregrettedagreeingtotheplan.他们后悔同意这个计划。Hetriedtopretendtoshareinthepleasurewithhisfriend.他尽力假装与朋友分享欢乐。Shetriedreadinganovel,butthatcouldn’tmakeherforgethersorrow.她试着看看小说，但也不能使她忘记伤心事。Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.我没有企图伤害你。Afriendindeedmeanshelpingothersfornothinginreturn.真正的朋友意指不图回报地帮助别人。4、动名词作need,want,require,beworth的宾语时，用主动式代替被动式。Thewashing-machineneedsrepairing.（或用：needstoberepaired）这台洗衣机需要修理。Thepointwantsreferringto.这一点要提到。ThisEnglishnovelisworthreading.这本英文小说值得一读。ThesituationinRussianrequiredstudying.俄国形式需要研究。四、不定式与分词在句中做宾语补足语：1、以下动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语：ask,tell,beg,allow,want,like,hate,force,invite,persuade,advise,order,cause,encourage,waitfor,callon,permit,forbidThedoctoradvisedhimtostayinbedforanotherfewdays.医生嘱咐他再卧床休息几天。Wewishhimtoremainandacceptthepost.我们希望他留下来接受这个职位。（注意hope后不跟不定式做宾补。）2、有些动词后的复合宾语用不带“to“的不定式，这些动词有：see,watch,notice,hear,feel,make,let,have等。例如：Wenoticedhimenterthehouse.我们留意到他进了那所房子。Thebossmadethemworktwelvehoursaday.老板让他们一天干12小时工作。注意当make、have不做“迫使、让”讲，而做“制造、有”解时，跟带有to的不定式做状语。Mothermadeacaketocelebratehisbirthday.妈妈做了一个蛋糕给他庆贺生日。Hehadameetingtoattend.他有个会要开。3、下列动词后的复合宾语用分词做宾补：see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,make,set,have,leave,keep,find等。用现在分词还是用过去分词做宾补，要看分词与宾语的关系。例：Weheardhimsingingthesongwhenwecamein.当我们进来的时候，听见他正唱那首歌。Wehaveheardthesongsungtwice.我们听过这首歌唱过两遍了。五、非谓语动词做定语：1、不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，表示在谓语动词之后发生的动作或过去的某一特定动作。例如：Hehadnohousetoliveinbutalotofworktodo.他没有房子住却有好多活要干。Ourmonitoristhefirsttoarrive.我们班长是第一个到的。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 2、动名词与现在分词做定语的区别：动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词做定语，表示所修饰名词进行的动作。awalkingstick拐杖（动名词做定语，意为astickforwalking）asleepingcar卧铺车厢（动名词做定语，意为acarforsleeping）therisingsun正在升起的太阳（现在分词做定语，意为thesunwhichwasrising）thechangingworld变化中的世界（现在分词做定语，意为theworldwhichischanging）3、现在分词与过去分词做定语的区别：过去分词做定语表示完成或被动的动作，现在分词做定语表示主动或进行的动作。如：apieceofdisappointingnews使人失望的消息（意同apieceofnewswhichdisappointedus）inthefollowingyears在后来的几年中（意同intheyearsthatfollowed）awelldressedwoman衣着讲究的女士（意同awomanwhoisdressedwell）acarparkedatthegate停在门口的小汽车（意同acarwhichwasparkedatthegate）六、不定式与分词做状语：1、不定式做状语，只表示目的、结果或原因：Hehurriedhomeonlytofindhismoneystolen.他匆忙赶到家中，发现钱被盗了。（结果状语）Tomakehimselfheard,heraisedhisvoice.为了被听清楚，他提高了嗓门。（目的状语）Allofusaresurprisedtoseehisrapidprogress.看到他的进步，我们都很吃惊。(原因状语)2、分词做状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式：Seenfromthetopofthehill,thetownisbeautiful.从山上看，这座城市很美。（条件状语）Comingintotheroom,hefoundhisfatherangry.当走进房间时，他发现父亲生气了。（时间状语）Beingtired,theywentonworking.虽然累了，但他们继续工作。（让步状语）Havingbeenhitbythebigboyonthenose,thelittleboybegantocry.由于被大孩子打了鼻子，那个小男孩哭了。（原因状语）Heputafingerinhismouth,tasteditandsmiled,lookingratherpleased.他把一个手指放进嘴里，尝了尝，笑了，看起来挺高兴。（伴随状语）【专项训练】：1、Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenherupfromchildhood.A．growB．grewC．wasgrowingD．togrow2、Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentlosehisjob.A．sonotastoB．soasnottoC．soastonotD．notsoasto3、Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedonabigrockbythesideofthepath.A．tohaverestedB．restingC．torestD．rest4、Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,dead.A．lyingB．lieC．layD．laying141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 5、Onlyoneofthesebooksis.A．worthtoreadB．worthbeingreadC．worthofreadingD．worthreading6、Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed.A．catchingB．tobecaughtC．beingcaughtD．tocatch7、Mostofthepeopletothepartywerefamousscientists.A．invitedB．toinviteC．beinginvitedD．inviting8、Shedidn’trememberhimbefore.A．havingmetB．havemetC．tomeetD．tohavingmet9、——Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?——I’dliketohavethispackage,madam.A．beweighedB．tobeweighedC．toweighD．weighed10、Therewasaterriblenoisethesuddenburstoflight.A．followedB．followingC．tobefollowedD．beingfollowed11、Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbehind.A．beingtiedB．havingtiedC．tobetiedD．tied12、OnSaturdayafternoon,Mrs.Greenwenttothemarket,somebananasandvisitedhercousin.A．boughtB．buyingC．tobuyD．buy13、Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,alongspeechforthepresident.A．toprepareB．preparingC．preparedD．waspreparing14、IcanhardlyimaginePeteracrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A．sailB．tosailC．sailingD．tohavesailed15、Johnwasmadethetruckforaweekasapunishment.A．towashB．washingC．washD．tobewashing16、Iwouldappreciatebackthisafternoon.A．youtocallB．youcallC．yourcallingD．you’recalling17、Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes.A．openB．tobeopenedC．toopenD．opening18、areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A．NotreceivingB．ReceivingnotC．NothavingreceivedD．Havingnotreceived19、CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsideredthefirstcomputer.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．tohaveinventedB．inventingC．toinventD．havinginvented20、“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidtothenotice.A．angrilypointingB．andpointangrilyC．angrilypointedD．andangrilypointing21、Ratherthanonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefersabicycle.A．ride,rideB．riding,rideC．ride,torideD．toride,riding22、Themissingboyswerelastseenneartheriver.A．playingB．tobeplayingC．playD．toplay23、ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A．havingaddedB．toaddC．addingD．added24、ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A．havingwrittenB．tobewrittenC．beingwrittenD．written25、Weagreedherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A．havingmetB．meetingC．tomeetD．tohavemet26、——Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.——Well,nowIregretthat.A．todoB．tobedoingC．tohavedoneD．havingdone27、Thepatientwaswarnedoilyfoodaftertheoperation.A．toeatnotB．eatingnotC．nottoeatD．noteating28、inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A．LostingB．HavinglostC．LostD．Tolose29、——Isthisraincoatyours?——No,minetherebehindthedoor.A．ishangingB．hashungC．hangsD．hung30、TheOlympicGames,in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A．firstplayingB．tobefirstplayedC．firstplayedD．tobefirstplaying31、Wesawthebirdflapitswingsandaway.A．flyB．fliedC．flewD．flying32、Iinsistedthatthedictionarytobeboughtatonce.A．referstoB．referC．referredD．referring141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 33、,icewillbechangedintowater.A．HeatingB．HeatedC．IfheatingD．Tobeheated34、Theforeignerseemedhisway.A．tobelosingB．tohavemissedC．tohavelostD．missed35、Don’tleavemealoneathome.A．tostayB．stayC．stayingD．stayed36、Whatevermustwell.A．istobedone,bedoneB．aretodo,doC．istodo…bedoneD．aretobedone,do37、Theofficerorderedthewoundedsoldieratonce.A．tooperateB．beoperatedC．wasoperatedonD．tobeoperatedon38、Withthewallswhite,theroomseemslarger.A．paintingB．paintedC．tobepaintedD．hasbeenpainted39、——CanIhelpyou?——I’dliketohavetheshoes,fortheyareabitsmaller.A．changingB．changedC．tobechangingD．bechanged40、Onhearingthenews,thewomanstoodthere.A．frightenedB．frighteningC．tofrightenD．tobefrightened41、thetrain,theydecidedtowaitforanother.A．MissedB．MissingC．HavingmissedD．Beingmissed42、Therenobus,Ihadtowalkhome.A．isB．wasC．wereD．being43、Atpresent,thereisanewairportandsupermarketinthesouthofthetown.A．builtB．tobebuiltC．beingbuiltD．isbeingbuilt44、Theyoungmantoldthedoctorthathedidn’tneedhisheart.A．having,checkedB．tohave,checkedC．having,tocheckD．tohave,tocheck45、Trythebackdoorifnobodyanswersthefrontdoor.A．toknockatB．knockingat141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．andknockatD．andknockingat46、Wehavetodosomethingtostopwildanimals.A．killingB．tobekilledC．beingkilledD．tokill47、,weplantoholdaclassmeeting.A．TimepermittingB．TimepermitsC．IftimeispermittedD．Timepermitted48、Withtheboytheway,thesoldiersgottothepositionintime.A．ledB．leadingC．beingledD．wasleading49、TheEmperororderedthewonderfulclothforhimwithoutdelay.A．toweaveB．tobewovenC．tohavewovenD．tobeweaving50、Lookathislook.Itseemsasifhehadmetatiger.A．frightened,frighteningB．frightening,frightenedC．frightened,frightenedD．frightening,frightening51、,theplayersbeganthegame.A．HavingtakenourseatsB．TakingourseatsC．AfterwetookourseatsD．Beingtakentheseats52、himbefore,shedidn’tknowhewasheruncle.A．NothavingseenB．HavingnotseenC．NotseeingD．Notbeingseen53、manytimes,buthemadethesamemistakeagain.A．HavingbeentoldB．AlthoughhehadbeentoldC．HehadbeentoldD．Havingtold54、Theglassofwateristoohot.Iprefersomecoldwater.A．boiledB．boilingC．toboilD．havingboiled55、Thelittleboyenteredtheclassroomwithout.A．noticingB．noticedC．beingnoticedD．notice56、We’reconsideringEnglishinpairsafterclass.A．practisingspeakingB．practisingtospeakC．topractisespeakingD．topractisetospeak57、themixture,theteachershoweditaroundtheclassroom.A．ToseeB．MorestudentstoseeC．FormorestudentstoseeD．Seen141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 58、Iapologizeformypromise.A．nottokeepB．beingkeptC．nothavingkeptD．havingnotkept59、Thebookonthedesktoher.A．lying,belongingB．lay,belongC．lying,belongsD．beinglie,isbelong60、,Maryhadtostayathometolookafterher.A．BeingillB．TobeillC．HermotherwasillD．Hermotherbeingill61、muchEnglishtroubledhimalot.A．HisnotknowingB．NotheknowingC．HishavingnotknownD．Hisnotknown62、Hewon’tattendthemeetingunlesstogiveaspeech.A．invitedB．invitingC．beinginvitedD．hewillbeinvited63、Hegotthefirstandwontheprizeas.A．expectedB．expectingC．tobeexpectedD．expect64、Hestoodtherewithhiseyesme.A．fixingB．fixingonC．fixedtoD．fixedon65、Motherwarnedhimafterdrinking.A．toneverdriveB．nevertodriveC．neverdrivingD．neverdrive66、Iremembersomethinglikethat.A．thathesayB．himtosayC．hissayingD．himhavingsaid67、Didyousmellsomething?A．burntB．toburnC．tobeburningD．burning68、Becauseofairpollution,thiscityisnolonger.A．agoodplacetoliveinB．agoodplaceforlivinginC．agoodplacetoliveD．agoodplacetobelivedin69、Lettheday.A．toberememberedB．rememberedC．berememberedD．remember70、Hisparents,theorphanisnowtakencareofbythevillagers.A．deadB．dyingC．havediedD．havingdied141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 71、Wouldyoubetodomeafavour?A．asgoodasB．sogoodasC．enoughgoodD．goodenoughas72、Hehadusallthroughtheparty.A．laughingB．tolaughC．laughD．laughed73、Thenursesuggestedtheoldman,forhehadalongtimetowait.A．tositdownB．sitdownC．wouldsitdownD．satdown74、Thosewhohavequestions,raiseyourhands.A．askedB．askC．askingD．toask75、Thisroomisusedfood.A．tostoreB．storingC．tostoringD．stored76、Wecan’tkeepoureyestoallthis.A．shutB．shuttingC．toshutD．shutted77、Idon’tfeelliketothecinema.A．goB．goingC．goneD．togo78、youthetruth,Idon’tlikethedesignheoffered.A．TellB．ToldC．TellingD．Totell79、atthestation,theyfoundthetrain.A．Arriving,goingB．Arrived,goC．Arriving,goneD．Arrived,gone80、Whathesaidmadeus.A．tosurpriseB．surpriseC．surprisingD．surprised[答案]：1、A2、B3、C4、A5、D6、C7、A8、A9、D10、B11、D12、A13、B14、C15、A16、C17、A18、C19、A20、A21、C22、A23、C24、D25、C26、D27、C28、C29、A30、C31、A32、C33、B34、C35、C36、A37、D38、B39、B40、A41、C42、D43、C44、B45、B46、C47、A48、B49、B50、A51、C52、A53、C54、A55、C56、A57、C58、C59、C60、D141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 61、A62、A63、A64、D65、B66、C67、D68、A69、C70、D71、B72、A73、B74、D75、A76、A77、B78、D79、C80、D十三、TheSentences知识要点：句子按使用的目的可分为四类：1、陈述句2、疑问句3、祈使句4、感叹句从结构上看句子可分为三种类型：1、简单句2、并列句3、复合句一、句子的种类（KindsofSentences）1、陈述句：（1）肯定句：Weloveourmotherland.我们热爱祖国。（2）否定句：Theydon’tgotoworkonSundays.他们星期日不上班。说明：叙述或否定一个事实或看法。2、疑问句：（1）一般疑问句：Areyouaworker?你是个工人吗？Yes,Iam.是的，我是工人。Haven’tyouseenthefilm?No,Ihaven’t.你没看过这部电影吗？没看过。说明：以一个助动词，情态动词或动词be开始的问句。回答要用yes或no。（2）特殊疑问句：Whoistheman?这人是谁？WhendoyouwatchTV?你什么时间看电视？Whataretheydoingnow?他们现在正在干什么？说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问句）（3）选择疑问句：Doyouwantteaorcoffee?Eitherwilldo.你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。DoeshelearnJapaneseorFrench?HelearnsFrench.他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。说明：提出两个或两个以上的情况，选择一个作为答案。（4）反意疑问句：Theyaregoingtotheairport,aren’tthey?他们要去机场，是吗？141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomework,haveyou?你没做完作业，是吗？说明：提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。在陈述句后附加一个简短的疑问句，即前面句子肯定，后为否定；前面句子否定，后为肯定。Heseldomwenttobedatten,didhe?他很少在十点钟上床睡觉？是吗？HeknowslittleRussian,doeshe?他几乎不懂俄语，是吗？说明：当陈述句部分含有never,no,hardly,seldom,little等否定意义的副词时，附加问句用肯定形式。（5）祈使句：a．陈述句：Besuretogetthereateight.八点钟一定要到那儿。b．否定句：Don’tworry.I’llhelpyouout.别担心，我会帮助你的。说明：表示命令，请求，叮嘱，号召等，谓语动词用原形。（6）感叹句：what+n.：Whatgreatchangeswehavehadtheseyears!这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊！Whatafinedayitis!多好的天呀！how+adj.：Howbraveheis!他多么勇敢呀！how+adv.：Howhardtheyareworking!他们工作多努力呀！Howtimeflies!时间过得多么快呀！How+adj.+a(an)+n.Howniceaboy(heis)！=Whataniceboyheis!多么好的孩子啊！说明：表示说话时惊异，喜悦，气忿等情绪。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或句子。二、句子的类型（TypesofSentences）1、简单句的句子的类型：一个主语+一个谓语，例：Thegirlplaysthepianoeveryday.那女孩每天弹钢琴。两个主语+一个谓语，例：TomandIaregoodfriends.汤姆和我是好朋友。一个主语+两个谓语，例：Heopenedthedoorandleft.他打开门出去了。两个主语或两个谓语或更多，例：141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu MrandMrsSmithwenttothemarket,boughtsomefruitandvisitedtheirfriends.史密斯夫妇去市场，买了些水果，并看望了朋友。结构特殊：只含有一个词或一个词组，例：Hello!喂！Help!Help!救命啊！救命！Manythanks.万分感谢。2、简单句的基本句型（TheBasicSentencePatterns）句型结构：（1）主语+不及物动词：S+Vi.，例：Birdsfly.鸟飞Theydisappeared.他们消失了。（2）主+连系动词+表语：S+V+P，例：Sheisauniversitystudent.她是一名大学生。Hehasbecomeapilot.他已成为一名飞行员。（3）主+及物动词+宾语：S+Vt+O，例：Helikesswimming.他喜欢游泳。Wehelpeachother.我们互相帮助。（4）主+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语：S+Vt+O+O，例：Itoldmyfriendthegoodnews.我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。Theysentusatelegram.他们给我们拍了电报。（5）主+及物动词+宾语+补语：S+Vt+O+C，例：TheynamedtheboyJack.他们给孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto’clock.我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。注：S=Subject（主语）Vi=IntransitiveVerbs（不及物动词）Vt=TransitiveVerb（及物动词）P=Predicative（表语）O=Object（宾语）C=Complement补语重点、难点：否定陈述句要注意下列几点：（1）否定陈述句主要是在肯定句中加not或no(=nota/any)构成的，除not和no外，用具有否定意义的副词也可构成否定陈述句。常用的词有hardly,seldom,never,little,scarcely,barely,rarely等。（2）其他成分的否定形式有些句子的结构上属于肯定式，但含有否定意义的词，可分以下几种。否定的主语：Nobodywillagreewithyou.没人同意你的意见。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Noneofthestudentslikethenovel.没有学生喜欢这本小说。NostudentherestudiesRussian.这里没有一个学生学俄语。否定的宾语：Wesawnothinginthedarkness.在黑暗中我们什么都看不见。Hewillborrowthebookfromnobody.他从谁那都借不来这本书。Youmustremembernottobelateforclass.你必须记住上课不准迟到。否定的状语：Theycameherenotbybikebutonfoot.他不是骑车来的而是走着来的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我们什么地方也找不到他。（3）不定代词all,both,everyone或everybody用于否定句时，表示部分否定。Allthetreesherearenotappletrees.(=Notallthetreeshereareappletrees.)这里的树并非都是苹果树。（有的是苹果树，有的不是。）Bothofthesistersarenotnurses.(=Notbothofthesistersarenurses.)这姐儿俩并不都是护士。Everybodycan’tdoit.(=Noteverybodycandoit.)并不是人人都能做这件事。【专项训练】：一、陈述句和疑问句：1、Theyhappywhentheyhearthenews.A．willB．willbeC．wereD．don’t2、——“Isyouruncleadriver?”——“.”A．No,butmyauntisB．Yes,butmyanutisC．No,hedoesn’tD．Yes,hedoes3、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.A．don’tB．arenotC．won’tD．weren’tbeing4、Hecoffeeatall.Hetea.A．doesn’tlike,prefersB．likes,doesn’tpreferC．wouldlike,notprefersD．prefers,isnotfondof5、Shemeonlytwicesincelastyear.A．seesB．wasseeingC．hasseenD．haveseen6、Mygrandmainthecountry.Nowsheinthecity.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．usedtolive,livesB．usedtoliving,livedC．usestolive,islivingD．wasusedtolive,lives7、Youmakesuchmistakesagain.A．shouldneverB．shouldnotalwaysC．wouldalwaysnotD．wouldnotforever8、“Canyoudriveacar?”“.”A．Yes,andJimcan’ttooB．Yes,butJimcan’tC．No,butJimcan,tooD．No,butJimcan’t9、“Areyougoingtothesupermarket?”“No,.”A．IcyclethereB．IwalkthereC．totheworkD．I’vealreadybeenthere10、InEnglandteawithmilkorsugarinit.A．usuallydrinksB．isusuallydrunkC．usuallyisdrunkD．drankusually11、“Isshegoingtothepostoffice?”“No,.”A．shedoesn’tB．shegoesbybikeC．totheshopsD．she’sonthebike12、Tomlikereadingatall.Heinterestedinplayingbasketball.A．doesn’t,isB．doesn’t,wereC．is,doesD．was,is13、Whenhomefromwork?A．doyourparentscomeB．doesyourparentscomeC．haveyourparentsD．ourparentscome14、Whichofthestudentstheexamination?A．notpassB．didn’tpassC．passD．didn’tpassed15、Theytroubleliftingtheheavybox.A．didn’thavemanyB．hadn’talotofC．didn’thavemuchD．haven’tagreatdealof16、——“Didyouhavebreakfastthismorning?——“.”A．Yes,IhadB．Yes,IdidC．No,Ihadn’tD．No,Ididn’thave.17、colouristhecoverofthedictionary?A．WhatB．WhichC．HowD．Whose141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 18、“doeshebrushhisteethaday?”“Twice.”A．WhattimeB．HowlongC．WhenD．Howmanytimes19、Therearemanypicturesonthewall.doyoulikebest?A．WhatB．WhichoneC．WhichofthepictureD．Whichonepicture20、Sincewhenher?A．didyouknowB．haveyouknownC．doyouknowD．youknow21、“Thattenpoundnotebelongstome.”“.”A．Yes,itisB．Yes,itbelongsC．Noitdoesn’tD．No,itisn’t22、“Wouldyouratherwaitorcomebacklater?”“.”A．I’drathercomebackB．Yes,I’drathernotwaitC．No,I’dratherwaitD．tocomeback23、“shoesdoyoutake?”“Size42.”A．WhichnumberB．WhatnumberC．WhatsizeD．What24、“istheweatherliketoday?”“It’swindy.”A．WhatB．HowC．WhatkindD．Which25、Wouldyoureadmycompositionandcorrectthemistakes,?A．ifhaveB．ifanyC．ifeverD．ifnot26、isthedistancebetweenthesetwovillages?A．HowfarB．WhatC．HowlongD．Howmuch27、doyougotothecinema?Twiceamonth.A．HowmanytimeB．HowmuchC．HowlongD．Howoften28、HowitinEnglish?A．yousayB．doyouspeakC．doyousayD．tospeak29、isthepopulationofthecity?A．HowmuchB．HowmanyC．HowD．What30、didshegetthisinformation?A．WhomB．WhoC．WhereD．What141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 31、doesyourwatchcost?Twohundredyuan.A．HowmanyB．WhatpriceC．WhatD．Howexpensive32、Aboutdoyouwanttoknowmore?A．WhomB．whoC．whichD．what33、——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.——Whatdoyousupposetoher.A．washappeningB．tohappenC．hashappenedD．havinghappened34、——HaveyouheardthenewsaboutJim?——No.What?A．isitB．itisC．aretheyD．theyare35、——Wouldyourathergotherebytrainorbyair?——.A．Yes,IwouldB．No,Iwouldn’tC．Yes,byairD．Byair36、Igooryougoyourself?A．Will…willB．Shall…shallC．Shall…willD．Will…shall37、——Doyouthinkthequestioneasyornot?——.A．Yes,IdoB．No,Idon’tC．ItiseasyD．Yes,it’seasy38、Shallwestayathomeortothepark?A．togoB．goingC．goD．willgo39、writerisbetterknowninChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwain?A．WhicheverB．WhetherC．WhatD．Which40、——wastheNanjing-ChangjiangBridgeopentotraffic?——Itwasopentotrafficin1968.A．WhatB．WhattimeC．HowlongD．When二、感叹句、祈使句41、fromBeijingtoLondon!A．HowlongwayitisB．WhatalongwayitisC．WhatalongwayisitD．Howlongawayisit42、Oh,John,yougaveus!141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．HowapleasantsurpriseB．HowpleasantsurpriseC．WhatapleasantsurpriseD．Whatpleasantsurprise43、terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!A．HowaB．WhataC．HowD．What44、girlsheis!A．WhatbrightaB．HowabrightC．HowbrightaD．Whatabright45、wehavetoday?A．HowfinedayB．WhatfinedayC．HowafinedayD．Whatafineday46、Howflowersare!A．beautifulB．beautifullyC．beautifultheD．beautifulthat47、How!A．doestimeflyB．timesflyC．timefliesD．fliestime48、Whatworkhedoes!A．harderB．hardC．hardlyD．hardest49、carefulourmonitoris!A．HowaB．HowC．WhataD．What50、advicehegaveus!A．WhataB．HowgoodC．WhatgoodD．How51、pictureitis!A．WhatwonderfulB．HowawonderfulC．WhatwonderfulaD．Howwonderfula52、IwishtopayavisittoHongkong!A．HowdoB．WhatdoC．WhatD．How53、hardworkingstudentstheyare!A．WhatB．WhataC．WhatanD．How54、longtimeitlasted!A．WhatB．WhataC．HowD．Howa55、downtheradio.Thebaby’ssleepinginthenextroom.A．TurningB．ToturnC．TurnD．Turned56、Let’sfootballinthestreet.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．nottoplayB．notplayC．don’tplayD．notplaying57、carefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.A．Don’tbeB．DobeC．BeingD．Do58、thechildalldaylong!A．Let,nottocryB．Notlet,cryC．Don’tlet,tocryD．Don’tlet,cry59、afraidofmakemistakes!A．Don’tbeB．NottobeC．NotbeingD．Benot60、meagainbeforecoming.A．CallingB．TocallC．DocallingD．Call三、反意疑问句61、You’dlikesomecoffee,?A．weren’tyouB．wouldn’tyouC．hadn’tyouD．shouldn’tyou62、Idon’tthinkhewillcometothemeeting,?A．willheB．won’theC．doID．amI63、Harryandhisbrotherpromisedtoworkharder,.A．dotheyB．don’ttheyC．didtheyD．didn’tthey64、Hisfatherknowslittleaboutit,he?A．doesB．doesn’tC．isheD．isn’t65、Wealllikereadingstorybooks,?A．doweB．doyouC．don’tweD．don’tyou66、Mysisterseldomgoestothetheatreshe?A．doesn’tB．doesC．isD．isn’t67、Yourfatherpromisedtobuyacomputerforyou,he?A．often,didB．never,didn’tC．already,didD．never,did68、Besuretowritetous,?A．willyouB．aren’tyouC．wouldyouD．canyou69、Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,you?A．doyouB．willyouC．wouldD．can70、It’sfinetoday.Let’sgofishing,?A．willweB．shallweC．doweD．don’twe71、MaryhasfewfriendinJapan,she?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．hasB．don’tC．doesn’tD．hasn’t72、Thereisabeautifullakeinthiscity,?A．isn’titB．isn’tthereC．isitD．hasn’tit73、Thereisnothingwrongwithmybike,?A．isitB．isn’tthereC．isn’titD．isthere74、Hecomeslatesometimes,?A．isn’theB．comesheC．doesn’theD．ishe75、——Youarenotanewcomer,areyou?——.Icamehereonlyyesterday.A．No,IamB．Yes,IamC．No,I’mnotD．Yes,I’mnot.76、Shecouldhardlybelieveit,?A．couldn’tsheB．couldsheC．didn’tsheD．didshe77、Youneedn’tgo,?A．canyouB．mustyouC．needyouD．mayyou78、Youmustworkhardfromnowon,?A．canyouB．won’tyouC．mustn’tyouD．needn’tyou79、Afterwalkingsolongaway,youmusthavebeentired,you?A．wereB．haveC．haven’tD．mustn’t80、Hemusthavelefthomeyesterday,he?A．hasn’tB．didn’tC．mustn’tD．needn’t81、Youdon’tthinkI’mgoingoutinsuchwetweather,?A．amIB．doyouC．don’tyouD．doI82、You’dbettercallinadoctorforyourmother,you?A．hadB．wouldC．hadn’tD．wouldn’t83、Youneedtocomeearlier,you?A．don’tyouB．needn’tC．don’tD．won’t84、Youdarenotgoalone,you?A．don’tB．doC．dareD．daren’t85、Heshouldn’tdrinksomuch,he?A．shouldB．oughtC．wouldD．will86、Nothingcanstopusdoingthat,?A．canweB．can’tweC．can’titD．canit141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 87、I’mlateforthemeeting,?A．amn’tIB．aren’tIC．don’tID．aren’tyou88、NobodybutIknowsJapaneseinmyclass,?A．doesheB．doesn’theC．dotheyD．don’tthey89、Noneoftheworkersattendedtheparty,?A．didtheyB．didheC．didn’theD．didn’tthey90、Everythingisrighthere,?A．isn’titB．aren’ttheyC．aretheyD．isit91、Alovelyday,?A．isitB．doesitC．isn’titD．doesn’tit92、Heisn’tadiligentboy,foritisthesecondtimehehasbeenlate,?A．isn’titB．isheC．hasheD．isit93、Mysisteroftenneedshelpwithherstudy,?A．needsheB．needn’tsheC．doesn’tsheD．doesshe94、Youshouldhavewateredtheflowerearlier,?A．shouldn’tyouB．didn’tyouC．don’tyouD．haven’tyou95、Learningaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy,?A．isitB．isn’titC．doesitD．doesn’tit96、Whataprettygirl,?A．isn’titB．isitC．issheD．isn’tshe97、WangPingcan’tbeinthebedroom,?A．cansheB．issheC．can’theD．isn’the98、IwishtovisitthePalaceMuseumnextweek,?A．doIB．ShallIC．mayID．canI99、Letusdoitforyou,?A．willyouB．won’tyouC．shallweD．shan’twe100、Theyhavetofacethedifficulty,they?A．doB．don’tC．haven’tD．won’t【答案】：1、B2、A3、B4、A5、C6、A7、A8、B9、D10、B11、C12、A13、A14、B15、C16、B17、A18、D141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 19、B20、B21、C22、A23、C24、A25、B26、B27、D28、C29、D30、C31、C32、A33、C34、A35、D36、C37、C38、C39、D40、D41、B42、C43、D44、D45、B46、C47、C48、B49、B50、C51、D52、D53、A54、B55、C56、B57、B58、D59、A60、D61、B62、A63、D64、A65、C66、B67、D68、A69、B70、B71、A72、B73、D74、C75、B76、B77、C78、C79、C80、B81、B82、C83、A84、C85、A86、D87、B88、C89、A90、A91、C92、A93、C94、B95、B96、D97、B98、C99、A100、B十四、综合习题名词性从句【专项训练】：1、Itdoesn’tmatterIrestornot.A．ifB．whetherC．thatD．when2、Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind.A．that,thatB．which,whatC．what,whyD．what,that3、Iwasfreethatday.A．IthappenedtoB．IthappenedthatC．ThathappenedD．Itwashappenedthat4、Heyouarenotgoingabroad.A．surprisedthatB．issurprisedwhetherC．issurprisedthatD．surprisedat5、Iwonderhowmuch.A．costthecoatB．doesthecoatcostC．thecoatcostsD．thecoatiscost6、Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater.A．NomatterwhatB．Whatever141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．WhetherD．That7、inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarriveinBeijingnextFriday.A．ItsaysB．HeissaidC．IthassaidD．Itissaid8、wegoswimmingeverydayusalotofgood.A．If,doB．That,doC．If,doesD．That,does9、Isthiswemetthemlastnight.A．whereB．placeC．placeinwhichD．placewhich10、Weallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.A．whereB．whereverC．thatD．thatwherever11、Ithinkitisyou’reeatingtoomuch.A．thatB．becauseC．thereasonD．for12、ItissaidhasbeentranslatedintoFrench.A．thatthatB．whichC．thatD．thatwhich13、Itisstillaquestionweshallhaveoursportsmeet.A．whyB．thatC．whenD．which14、It’snotyetclearofthosewillbechosentogoabroad.A．thatB．whichC．whomD．who15、Thesepicturesshowyou.A．WhatdoesourvillagelooklikeB．WhatourvillagelooksliveC．HowdoesourvillagelooklikeD．howourvillagelookslike16、Canyoumakesurethegoldnecklace?A．whereAlicehadputB．wheredidAliceputC．whereAlicehasputD．wherehasAliceput17、Goandgetyourglasses.It’syouleftit.A．thereB．whereC．therewhereD．wherethere18、——Doyourememberhecame?——Yes,Ido.Hecamebytrain.A．howB．whenC．whereD．that19、wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A．What,whatB．What,thatC．That,thatD．That,what141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 20、Motheraskedme.A．whatwaswrongwithmeB．what’swrongwithmeC．whatwrongwaswithmeD．whatwrongiswithme21、theyhavewonthegamemadeusexcited.A．/B．ThatC．WhatD．Where22、Iacceptthegirlorrefuseitisnoneofyourbusiness.A．IfB．WhetherC．EvenifD．When23、hesaysinhisreportisaveryinterestingquestion.A．WhatallB．AllwhatC．WhatD．Whatthat24、Whentheywillstartnotbeendecided.A．haveB．isC．doesD．has25、certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.A．ThatisB．ThisisC．ItisD．Ithas26、isunknowntousall.A．WheredidsheputitB．WheresheputitC．ThatwheresheputitD．Inwhichsheputit27、nothingtodowithus.A．WhatshedidhaveB．WhatshedidisC．WhatdidshedohasD．Whatshehasdonehas28、Thetroubleisweareshortofhands.A．whatB．thatC．howD．which29、Energyismakesthingswork.A．whatB．everythingC．somethingD．that30、Myhometownisnotitusedtotenyearsago.A．when;doB．what;doC．what;beD．when;be31、ThereasonIhavetogoismymotherisillinbed.A．why;whyB．why;becauseC．why;thatD．that;because32、Thethoughthemightfailintheexamworriedhim.A．whichB．thatC．whenD．sothat33、ThatisIlostmypen.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．whenB．whereC．thatD．what34、Haveyouanyidea?A．howfastdoeslighttravelB．howquicklighttravelsC．howsoonlighttravelsD．howfastlighttravels35、Hissuggestiontoseetheartexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.A．thatwegoB．whichweshouldgoC．thatwewouldgoD．wewouldgo36、Hewasinterestedinhehadseenattheexhibition.A．whichB．thatC．allwhatD．allthat37、Heoftenthinksofhecandomoreforhiscountry.A．whatB．howC．thatD．which38、Hemadequiteclearthathewouldn’tchangehismind.A．thisB．thatC．itD．what39、Hegotangrywithwasagainsthisopinion.A．whomB．whoC．whoeverD．anyone40、Idon’tknow.A．whatwasthematteroutsideB．whatthematteroutsidewasC．whatwasoutsidethematterD．whatwashappenedoutside41、Hehascome,butIdidn’tknowthatheuntilyesterday.A．iscomingB．willcomeC．wascomingD．wasn’tcoming42、Heranbackintotheroomtoseeifheanythingbehind.A．hasforgottenB．hadforgottenC．hasleftD．hadleft43、Thenewshediedinthebattlehasgotroundinthevillage.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．this44、yousay,Iwouldn’tallowyoutodothat.A．WhatB．WhichC．WhateverD．However45、Wearewonderingourteacherwillcometothepartyornot.A．ifB．thatC．whyD．whether46、hehasbeengettingonwellwithhisstudiesmakesallofushappy.A．WhichB．HowC．WhatD．That47、Thatishefailedtoarriveontime.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．whereB．whetherC．whyD．when48、Wefinallyfoundouttohim.A．whathadhappenedB．whathashappenedC．whichtookplaceD．whathasbeentakenplace49、Nooneknowswhenandwhere.A．wasshebornB．didshecomefromC．sheworkD．shewasborn50、Thetruththefactorywouldbreakdownmadealltheworkersshocked.A．ofwhichB．thatC．aboutthatD．what[答案]：1、B2、C3、B4、C5、C6、B7、D8、D9、A10、D11、B12、A13、C14、B15、B16、C17、B18、A19、A20、A21、B22、B23、C24、D25、C26、B27、D28、B29、A30、C31、C32、B33、B34、D35、A36、D37、B38、C39、C40、A41、C42、D43、A44、C45、D46、D47、C48、A49、D50、B定语从句【专项训练】：一、选择填空：1、Itwasinthathouseheusedtolivethesecretmeetingwasheld.A．where；whereB．that；thatC．what；whereD．where；that2、Theforeignguests,werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.A．mostofthemB．mostofwhomC．mostofthatD．mostofthose3、That’snotthebookyoucanfindtheexactanswer.A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where4、Thebuildingoverthereisalibrary,isadepartmentstore.A．whereB．westofwhich141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．tothewestofitD．inthewestofthat5、Hewastheveryoneofthestudentswhopraisedattheclassmeeting.A．wasB．wereC．isD．are6、Sheisthegirl.A．whosemoneywasstolenB．thewhichmoneywasstolenC．whosemoneywasrobbedD．thewhichmoneywasrobbed7、Thiscompositionisorder,makestheteacher.A．in;which;puzzledB．for;that;happyC．outof;which;angryD．no;it;disappointed8、Thereare104elementsfoundinnature,aremetals.A．mostofitB．mostofwhichC．mostlyD．that9、AfricaisactuallyconnectedwithAsiaatthespottheSuezCanalwasdug.A．whenB．whereC．whichD．and10、Jackiswhoknowshowtoworkouttheproblem.A．oneoftheboysB．theonlyoneoftheboyC．notoneoftheboysD．theonlyoneoftheboys11、Chinahasmanyislands,Taiwanisthelargest.A．inwhereB．inthatC．ofthatD．ofwhich12、Isthisfactoryyourfriendsvisitedthedaybeforeyesterday?A．thatB．whichC．whereD．theone13、Wehavenothadformanyweeks.A．suchcolddayasthisB．suchcoldadayasthisC．suchacolddaylikethisD．suchacolddayasthis14、ThemanwillneverforgetthedayshespentwithLenin.A．whenB．onwhichC．onthatD．that15、SheistheonlyoneofthestudentsgoodatJapanese.A．thatisB．thatareC．whichisD．whichare16、Theballsaresolid,makesthemveryheavy.A．itB．whatC．whichD．that17、IsthiscalculatoryouborrowedfromJane?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．whichB．oneC．theoneD．what18、Thescientistandhisachievementsyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyus.A．whoB．thatC．whichD．/19、Isupposethetheoryhestuckcorrect.A．toproveB．toprovingC．toprovedD．prove20、Heisworkinghard,willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A．whoB．thatC．whichD．it21、Themuseumwearegoingtovisitisfarformourschool.A．whereB．thatC．itD．as22、ItisgettinghotterandhotterinWuhan,isusual.A．andB．itC．asD．that23、Wewillneverforgetthedayswespenthappilytogetherinthemountainvillage.A．whenB．whichC．whereD．onwhich24、Whichofthetwosheepyoukeepproducesmoremilk?A．thatB．whichC．whatD．they25、isknowntoall,LuXunwasfamousagreatthinker.A．Which;forB．As;forC．It;asD．As;as26、Aretheseglasses?A．whichyouwishwillberepairedB．theonesyouwishtohaverepairedC．theoneyouwishtorepairD．thatyouwishtoberepaired27、Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A．whatB．whichC．thatD．it28、Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.A．thatB．whoC．fromwhomD．towhom29、Sheheardaterriblenoise,broughtherheartintohermouth.A．itB．whichC．thisD．that30、Hepaidtheboy＄10forwashingtenwindows,mostofhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A．theseB．thoseC．thatD．which31、Finally,thethiefhandedeverythinghehadstolentothepolice.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．whichB．whatC．whateverD．that32、Theonlything,Iamnotsureistheidiom.A．forwhichB．ofwhichC．thatD．which33、Youmustgivethewalletbackitbelongsto.A．towhomB．whomC．tooneD．tothepersonwho34、Tomaswellashisfriendswhofootballmatchestoschooltoday.A．likes;hasn’tgoneB．likes;haven’tgoneC．like;hasn’tgoneD．like;haven’tgone35、You,whoreadytoofferhimyourassistanceatanytime,areatruefriendofhis.A．isB．areC．wasD．were36、Suchaproblemshouldbesettledfirst.A．likethatisB．asthisC．asthatthisisD．likethisis37、WomenreceivethesamepayinNewChina.A．asmenB．asthatmenreceiveC．aswhichmendidD．asmendid38、Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatthisyear.A．hadappearedB．isappearingC．hasappearedD．haveappeared39、Myfatherisahumorousman.A．,whomyoumetlastnight,B．whomyoumetlastnightC．whomyoumetlastnightD．,whomyoumetlastnight40、AlfredHitchcockproducedanewfilmcalledFrenzy.A．whoiswell-knownforthrillermoviesB．,whoiswell-knownforthrillermovies,C．whomiswell-knownforthrillermoviesD．,whomiswellknownforthrillermovies41、I’lltakeyoutoanewlyopenedmarketyoumaygetallyouneed.A．which;thatB．where;thatC．inwhich;whichD．where;what42、LiLinistheonlyoneofthestudentswhotoKunming.A．hasgoneB．havebeen141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．thatisD．hadgone43、I,yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.A．thatisB．whichamC．whoisD．whoam44、Doyouknowanythingabouttheaccidentinthestreetyesterday?A．happenedB．happeningC．whichhappenedD．whichwashappened45、I’minterestedinyouhavetoldme.A．whichB．allthatC．allwhatD．that46、I’llneverforgetthedaysIwasstayingwithyou.A．onwhichB．whichC．thatD．when47、Thekinghadneverseenhorsesthemandrew.A．such;asB．so;asC．so;thatD．such;which48、Iamreadingthesamebookyoudidyesterday.A．likeB．asC．forD．since49、Thebuses,werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbypassengers.A．mostofthemB．mostofwhichC．whichmostD．thatmost50、HaveyoueverbeentoXi’an,Ilefttenyearsago.A．whereB．whichC．thatD．when51、Weshouldlearnfromthosearereadytohelpothers.A．whoB．whomC．whoseD．they52、Ihavetwobrothers,aredoctors.A．bothofthemB．bothofwhoC．bothofwhomD．bothofthey53、everybodyknows,Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.A．WhichB．ThatC．AsD．Thething54、Everythingcanbedoneshouldbedone.A．whichB．thatC．allD．that55、Thisisthehouseyousawtheotherday.A．thatB．whereC．inwhichD．inthat56、Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu A．thatB．/C．whichD．what57、Thefirstplacewevisitedinthatcitywasabigfactory.A．whereB．inwhichC．thatD．which58、Whichisthelargestbridgewasbuiltacrosstheriver?A．thatB．whichC．whereD．onwhich59、Pleasepassmethedictionarycoverisblack.A．whichB．itsC．whoseD．whichof60、isnatural,shegoesabroadwithherhusband.A．ItB．WhatC．WhichD．As61、ThisistheveryplaceI’mwishingtolivein.A．whereB．whichC．thatD．inwhich62、Ithinkthatwasthereasonourfootballteamlostthegame.A．thatB．whichC．howD．why63、Thereasonhedidn’tcomewashewasinjured.A．that,becauseB．why,thatC．why,becauseD．that,that64、HemustbefromAfrica,canbeseenformhisskinA．thatB．asC．itD．what65、Isitinthatfactory“RedFlag”carsaremade?A．inwhichB．whereC．thatD．which二、改错：1、Hetoldusaboutthecountrieswherehehadvisited.2、Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.3、Chinaisthecountrywherehespentthebestpartofhislife.4、Thedayswhenwespenttogethercannotbeeasilyforgotten.5、Thehousestandsattheplacethatthetworoadsmeet.6、Weshallvisitthecollegewherehisfatherteachesthere.7、Iknowthereasonthatshelookssoworried.8、Heleftmethebook,thatisveryusefulforme.9、Thisistheroomwhichfoodiskept.10、April15,1976isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.11、ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 12、Iknowthestudentwaspraisedatthemeetinglastweek.13、ThisisallwhichIcandoforyou.14、Canyouthinkofanyonewho’shousewashere?15、ThewatchthatMotherboughtitformeworksverywell.16、Thisistheonlybookthatwereborrowedfromthelibrary.17、Thedaywhichshehadtoleavearrivedatlast.18、Thedoctorwhomtheywanttoseehavecome.19、Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhomhasbeenchosenchairman?20、Theparkstandsattheplacethatthetworiversmeet.21、Aplaneisamachinecanfly.22、Itisoneofthebestpictureswhichhavebeensold.23、Thosethatwanttogoputupyourhands.24、Thisistheknifewiththatthedoctordidtheoperation.25、Whoisthemanwhomyousaidhellojustnow?【答案】：一、1、D2、B3、D4、B5、A6、A7、C8、B9、B10、D11、D12、D13、D14、D15、A16、C17、C18、B19、C20、C21、B22、C23、B24、A25、D26、B27、B28、D29、B30、D31、D32、B33、D34、C35、B36、B37、A38、D39、A40、B41、B42、A43、D44、C45、B46、D47、A48、B49、B50、B51、A52、C53、C54、B55、A56、A57、C58、A59、C60、D61、C62、D63、B64、B65、C二、1、where－that2、where－which3、where－which4、when—thatwhich5、that—where6、去掉there7、that—why8、that—which9、which—where10、when—whichthat11、man后面加who12、students后面加who13、which—that14、who’s—whose15、去掉it141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 16、were—was17、which—when18、have—has19、whom—who20、that—where21、machine后面加whichthat22、which—that23、that—who24、that—which25、whom—that定语从句【专项训练】：Ⅰ、Choice:1、Theknifeweusedtocutthebreadisverysharp.A．whichB．withC．withitD．withwhich2、Thebraveman,thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter.A．ofwhomB．bythatC．bywhomD．bywhich3、Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewhatitwasgoingoninsidethehouse.A．onwhichB．atwhichC．throughwhichD．inwhich4、ThebeautifuldressMissJoneswenttotheballwasborrowedfromafriendofhers.A．inwhichB．wornbyC．throughwhichD．onwhich5、Duringthedays,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns’.A．thatfollowedB．tofollowC．followingD．followed6、Youmaytakeanythinguseful.A．whichyouwantB．youwantthemC．whatyouwantD．youwant7、Myhometownisnolongerthesameitusedtobe.A．likeB．thatC．asD．which8、Theoldwomanhastwosons,oneisateacher.A．ofwhoB．ofwhomC．ofwhichD．ofthem9、Youcantakeanyseatisfree.A．inwhichB．thatC．whereD．which10、Isthereanythingtoyou?A．thatbelongB．whichbelongsC．thatbelongsD．thatisbelonged11、Wehopetogetsuchatoolheisusing.A．whereB．thatC．asD．which141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 12、Finallycamethedayhehadtobeginhisstudyforthenextterm.A．tillB．thatC．sinceD．which13、Shehasn’tgotenoughmoneyshebuystherings.A．forwhichB．withwhichC．thatD．which14、I’vereadallthebookswereborrowedfromthelibrary.A．theyB．whichC．/D．that15、ThisisthebesthotelinthecityIknow.A．itB．whereC．thatD．which16、Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A．itB．whichC．/D．that17、TheSecondWorldWarmillionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A．onwhichB．whereC．inthatD．duringwhich18、Thetrainshewastravellingwaslate.A．onthatB．forwhichC．onwhichD．which19、Winteristhetimeofyearthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.A．onwhichB．thatC．whenD．where20、I’llshowyouastoreyoumaybuyallyouneed.A．that,thatB．which,thatC．where,whichD．inwhich,/21、Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatpinkdress.A．onwhichB．onthatC．inwhichD．which22、Doyouknowthereasonshegotsoangryyesterday?A．whyB．whichC．forthatD．forwhy23、IssomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A．thisschoolwhereB．thisschooloneC．thistheschoolD．thisschool24、Isthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecity.A．whoseB．whichC．who’sD．who25、Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?A．whichyoutalkedB．thatyoutalkedC．aboutthatyoutalkedD．youtalkedabout26、Thisisoneofthebestfilmsthisyear.A．whichhasbeenshownB．thathavebeenshown141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu C．thathaveshownD．havebeenshown27、Doyouknowtheman?A．thatIspokeB．IspoketoC．towhoIspokeD．whomIspoke28、Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool,aregirls.A．two-thirdsinwhichB．two-thirdsinthemC．two-thirdsofthemD．ofwhomtwothirds29、Ihaveboughttwoball-pens,writeswell.A．neitherofthemB．noneofthemC．neitherofwhichD．noneofwhich30、Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.A．byitB．throughwhichC．withthatD．inwhich31、Doyouknowthereasonhewaslate?A．forwhichB．forwhatC．whichD．that32、hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A．AsB．ThatC．WhatD．Which33、Johngotbeateninthegame,hadbeenexpected.A．whoB．whatC．thatD．as34、They’reinventedmetotheirparty,iskindofthem.A．thisB．thatC．whichD．as35、Crusoe’sdogbecameillanddied,madehimverylonely.A．thisB．thatC．whichD．as36、Thereisn’tsomuchnoiseinthecountryinbigcities.A．asB．whereC．whichD．that37、Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,Ilivedonafarm.A．whoB．whenC．whereD．which38、Nextmonth,you’llbeinyourhometown,iscoming.A．whereB．whenC．thatD．which39、Thenextthingmustbedoneistomakeaplan.A．whichB．thatC．whenD．/40、Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooksinterestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A．thatB．whenC．whoD．which141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu Ⅱ、Fillintheblanks：1、Thisistheprofessortaughtmechemistryin1980.2、Thehospitalwasbuiltfiveyearsagohasbeenmodernized.3、Thisistheboyfatherdiedthreeyearsago.4、Thefilmwesawthedaybeforeyesterdayisveryinteresting.5、Doyouknowthestudentwaspraisedatthemeeting?6、1949istheyearthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.7、Theyworkinafactorymakesradioparts.8、Theyworkinafactoryradiopartsaremade.9、Thisisthevisionphonethroughwecanseeandtalktoourfriends.10、HereareplayersfromJapan,someofareouroldfriends.11、Shelivesinasmallvillage,isonlythreemilesfromhere.12、SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinShanghai,shehassomefriends.13、We’llputoffthemeetingtillnextweek,wewon’tbesobusy.14、Thesungivestheearthlightandheat,isveryimportanttothelivingthings.15、Thosewanttogotothecomputerroomwriteyournameshere.16、Hewasoftenlate,madehisteacherveryangry.17、Whoisthepersonisstandingatthegate?18、Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisited.Ⅲ、correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentencesifthereareany:1、Hetoldusaboutthecountrieswherehehadvisited.2、Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.3、Chinaisthecountrywherehespentthebestpartofhislife.4、Thedayswhenwespenttogethercannotbeeasilyforgotten.5、Thehousestandsattheplacethatthetworoadsmeet.6、Weshallvisitthecollegewherehisfatherteachesthere.7、Iknowthereasonthatshelookssoworried.8、Heleftmethebook,thatisveryusefulforme.9、Thisistheroomwhichfoodiskept.10、April15,1976isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.11、ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.12、ThestudentsareplayingfootballontheplaygroundareofClassTwo.141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 13、ThisisallwhichIcandoforyou.14、Canyouthinkofanyonewho’shousewashere?15、ThewatchthatMotherboughtitformeworksverywell.16、Thisistheonlybookthatwereborrowedfromthelibrary.17、Thedaywhichshehadtoleavearrivedatlast.18、Thedoctorwhomtheywanttoseehavecome.19、Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhomhasbeenchosenchairman?20、Theparkstandsattheplacethatthetworiversmeet.21、Aplaneisamachinecanfly.22、Itisoneofthebestpictureswhichhavebeensold.23、Thosethatwanttogoputupyourhands.24、Thisistheknifewiththatthedoctordidtheoperation.25、Whoisthemanwhomyousaidhellojustnow?【答案】:Ⅰ、1、D2、C3、C4、A5、A6、D7、C8、B9、D10、C11、C12、B13、B14、D15、C16、D17、D18、C19、C20、D21、A22、A23、C24、A25、D26、B27、B28、D29、C30、B31、A32、A33、D34、C35、C36、A37、B38、B39、B40、AⅡ、1、who/that2、which/that3、whose4、which/that5、who/that6、when7、which/that8、where9、which10、whom11、which12、where13、when14、which15、who16、which17、that18、thatⅢ、1、where—that2、where—which3、√4、when—that/which5、that—where6、去掉there7、that—why8、that—which9、which—where10、when—which/that11、man后面加who12、students后面加who13、which—that14、who’s—whose15、去掉it141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu 16、were—was17、which—when18、have—has19、whom—who20、that—where21、machine后面加which/that22、which—that23、that—who24、that—which25、whom—that但愿能给您带来帮助。有什么需要可以联系我们。141溯源快速记忆法公众号：dancixiu