苏教版小学五年级英语语法归纳及语法练习 16页

苏教版小学五年级英语语法归纳及语法练习 情态动词一、can,(could过去式）1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。　　Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）　　Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）　　Canyouskate?（技能）　　Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；　　　　2)表示请求和允许。　　-----CanIgonow?　　 -----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.　　3)表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。　　They’vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.　　4)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。　　Canthisbetrue?　　Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.　　Howcanthisbetrue?　二．should,　1)should,表示应该劝告、建议和命令。　　1.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.　　　1.Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.　　2.ShouldIopenthewindow?　　3)表示推测　　Should（客观推测）,must(主观推测)。　　1.Hemustbehomebynow.(断定他已到家)　　2.Heshouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)　　(一)用适当的情态动词填空。1.MustIstandup?No,you________.2.________Ispeaksomething?Yes,you________.3.________Ileavetheparknow?No,you_________stayhere.4.    Mygrandmotherisill.I_________stayathomeandlookafterher.5.   ________youlikesomejuice?6.They________takemoreexercise.7.________youtellmethewaytothemuseum?8.Thewatch________tellustherighttime.9.________youliketogoboatingwithus?10.________weplaychessnextweekend?(二)按要求改写句子。1.   Shecanwalkquickly.I________________quickly.(否定句)2.    Youhavetofinishtheworknow.（一般疑问句）________Itheworknow?No,you________.3.   Theycanpaintthewallwell.（一般疑问句）_______they______thewallwell?4.  Tommustcarrytheboxintotheroom.（否定句）Tom________________carrytheboxintotheroom.5.   Sheshouldreachthestationearly.   (否定句)She______________reachthestationearly.(三)单项选择。（　）1. youlikesomebread?A.  WouldB.  CouldC.  Can（　）2. Wethrowthewasteinthezoo.A.  can’tB.  don"tC.  mustn’t()3.W eshouldmoreflowers,andweshouldn’tcutanyflowers.A.  plantB.  plantingC.  plants ()4.MayIhavesomewater?A.Yes,youhave.  B. Yes,youcan. C.  Yes,certainly.()5.Shallweworkonthefarm?A.Yes,wedo.B.Yes,weshall. B.Allright.()6.Wouldyouhavesomethingtoannounce?A.Yes,wewould.B.Yes,I’dlike.C.Yes,ofcourse.()7.CanIhelpyou?A.Yes,youcan.B.No,Icandoit.C.Yes.I’dlikesomeoranges.人称代词和物主代词要点归纳：人称代词Ilikeyou.我喜欢你。Youlikeme.你喜欢我。Helikesher.他喜欢她。Shelikeshim.她喜欢他。Welikeyou.我们喜欢你们。Youlikeus.你们喜欢我们。Theylikeus.他们喜欢我们。Welikethem.我们喜欢它们。上面这些简单的句子里，like前面的人称代词都是主格，你可以把like换成别的动词，比如playwith（和……玩）、lookat（看着）等等，读着玩玩儿，你认为哪个动词好玩就换成哪个。形容词性物主代词有：my我的、your你的、his他的、her她的、its它的、our我们的、your你们的、their他们的。之所以叫它们形容词是因为他们必须放在名词前面。物主则表示它们是物的主人。如：我们的老师ourteacher、我的汽车mycar、你的裤子yourtrousers、他的风筝hiskite、她的椅子herchair、它的腿itslegs、你们的学校yourschool、她们的聚会theirparty。名词性物主代词有mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs依次表示我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我们的、你们的、他（她、它）们的。注意除了mine每个单词后面都有一个“s”。因为他们本身是名词性，所以后面不能再跟名词，否则就犯了重复的错误。比如我们可以说mybook,但不能说minebook；herdress而不是hersdress。Thisismybook.Thebookismine.这是我的书。这书是我的。Thatisyourdesk.That’syours.那是你的课桌。那是你的。Thisishiscup.It’shis.这是他的杯子。是他的。Thatisherskirt.Theskirtishers.那是她的短裙。那短裙是她的。That’sitsbanana.Thebananaisits.那是它的香蕉。那香蕉是它的。Thisisourclassroom.It’sours.这是我们的教室。是我们的。Thisistheirbasketball.It’stheirs.这是他们的篮球。是他们的。--------------------------------------------------------------------------------主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词--------------------------------------------------------------------------------一单I我me我my我的mine我的…--------------------------------------------------------------------------------一复we我们us我们our我们的ours我们的…------------------------------------------------------------------------------二单you你you你your你的yours你的…-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 二复you你们you你们your你们的yours你们的…--------------------------------------------------------------------------------三单he他him他his他的his他的…--------------------------------------------------------------------------------she她her她her她的hers她的--------------------------------------------------------------------------------it它it它its它的its它的…--------------------------------------------------------------------------------三复they他们them他们their他们的theirs他们的…-------------------------------------------------------------------------------一．主格(Iyouhesheitweyouthey)1.在句子中可以作主语，放于句首，后接动词。(1)_______amastudent.(2)_______comesfromChina,but______comesfromAmerican.(3)_______ismyaunt.二．宾格(meyouhimheritusyouthem)1.在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，动词之后。(1)Theboyinthephotois_______.(2)Let______toplayfootball.(3)Weoftengotovisit__________.2.在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，介词之后。(1)Thepenof______isthesamewith______.(2)Comewith________.(3)Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof________.3.人称代词作表语时,一般用宾格,特别是在日常会话中。“Whoisknockingatthedoor?”“It"s________.”----“谁在敲门?”---“是我。”三．形容词性物主代词(myyourhisheritouryourtheir)1.形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。(1)______bookisoverthere.(2)Iateall________sandwichesyesterday.(3)TellTomnottoforget_______book.四．名词性物主代词(mineyourshishersitsoursyourrstheirs)1.名词性物主代词在句中独立使用，即不后接名词，其句法作用相当于一个名词,即“形容词性物主代词+名词”。(1)Mybagisbiggerthan________.=Mybagisbiggerthan_________________.(2)_______isagreatcountry.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。（用作主语，一般用于正式文体）(3)Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuse_______?我忘了带词典，我可以用一下你的吗？（用作动词的宾语）(4)Hewasn’tinmyroom.Hemightbein_______.他（刚才）不在我的房间。他可能在自己的房间。（用作介词的宾语）(5)Whosebookisthis?—It’s_______.这是谁的书？——是她的。（用作表语）(6)Jackisafriendof_______.杰克是我的一个朋友。（用于双重所有格）2.名词性物主代词用作主语时，谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定。 (1)Isthispencil_______or_______?—It’s_______.Hersisinherbag.(Hers=Herpencil)---这支铅笔是你的还是她的？——是我的。她的铅笔在她包里。3．用于of后面。Hevisitedafriendof_________yesterday.综合练习：一、用适当的人称代词填空1.2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry._________liesintheeastofAsia.2.ProfessorWangsets________agoodexample.Wemustlearnfrom________.3.4.Whatdayis__________today?  —__________isThursday.4.Howfaristhethunder? —__________isthreekilometersaway.5.Iownabluebike.Theredonedoesn’tbelongto__________.6.Thesenewhousesaresonice.__________areveryexpensive.7.__________saythatthoseoldhouseswillberebuilt.8.Is__________themilkmanatthedoor? —Yes,that’s__________.9.Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didn’t__________?10.LingLingisagirl.____studiesinaprimaryschool.Herbrotherliveswith11.____ andhelps____topreparethelessons.12.Theshipislyingatanchor(停泊).____comesfromShanghai.13.Thisphotoofyourmotherisverymuchlikeher.Ilike____.14.Mikeismyclassmate.____isgoodatphysics.15.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto____?16.What"stheweatherliketoday?____iscloudy.二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1.Iateall____sandwichesyesterday.CanIhaveoneof____?2.Georgehaslost____pen.AskMaryif（是否）shewilllendhim____.3.JackhasadogandsohaveI.____dogand____hadafight(打架).4.Mr.andMrs.Greenandafriendof____arecomingtoseeus.5.Marywantstoknowif（是否）you"veseenapairofglovesof____.6.WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof____.三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空　　A.从括号内选择正确的代词填空　　1.Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.　　　Pleaseput_________(they，them，their，theirs)away.　　2.(We，Us，Our，Ours)_________EnglishteacherisMrs.Green.　　　Wealllike_________(she，her，hers).　　3.(I，Me，My，Mine)_________can"tgetmykite.　　　Couldyouhelp_________(I，me，my，mine)?　　4.Tomcan"tgetdownfromthetree.　　　Canyouhelp_________(he，him，his)?　　5.Herkiteisbroken.Can_________(you，your，yours)mendit?　　6.Wecan"tfindourbikes.　　　Canyouhelp_________(we，us，our，ours)?　　7.Theseare_________(he，him，his)planes.　　　Thewhiteonesare_________(I，me，mine).　　B.填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 　　1.Thisisn"therknife._________isgreen.　　2.Theseareyourbooks，Kate.Put__________inthedesk，please.　　3.Youmustlookafter________things.　　4.WeiFang，isthat________ruler?Yes，it"s.　　5.Theywantafootball.Give__________thegreenone，please.　　6.It"sLinTao"sbag.Give________to__________.　　7.Isthispencil-boxLiLei"s?No，___________isverynew.　　8.Thisboxistooheavy.Ican"tcarry_________.　　　Don"tworry，Let__________help__________.　　9._____isaboy_____nameisMike.Mike"sfriendslike_____verymuch.　 10.Mysisterisin_____room._____isateacher.　　11.Janeisalittlegirl._____motherisanurse.　　12.Wearein_____classroom._____classroomisbig.　　13.Myfatherandmotherareteachers._____arebusy　　14.Youareapupil.Is_____brotherapupil,too?四、用括号中的适当形式填空A)　（1）Arethese________（you）pencils?　　　　Yes,theyare________（our）.　　（2）—Whoseisthispencil?　　　　—It’s________（I）.　　（3）Ilove________（they）verymuch.　　（4）Sheis________（I）classmate.　　（5）MissLioftenlooksafter________（she）brother.　　（6）—Arethese________（they）bags？　　　　—No,theyaren’t________（their）.Theyare________（we）.B)1.Thisbikeismysister`s.Itbelongsto______(她的)。2.Thisisn`tmybook._______(我的)isinthebag.3.Theyquarrelledamong__________（他们）.4.YouandIunderstand_________(彼此)perfectly.5.Ifthereare___(一些）newmagazinesinthelibrary,takesomeforme.五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1.   Maryworksinabookstore.  ________likes  ________workverymuch.2.   JohnandIareinthesameschool. ________gotoschooltogether.3.   Everybodylikesthatsport,do ________?4.   Sheisafriendof ________.Wegottoknoweachothertwoyearsago.5.   Hersistermakesall ________owndresses.6.   Ihavemanyfriends.Someof ________aregoodatEnglish.7.   MayIuse  ________bike? ________isbroken.8.  EverybodyishereexceptAnnand________friendJane.________areinthelibrarynow.六、选择填空1.   Who’ssingingoverthere?  —________isSandy’ssister.A.That           B.It            C.She               D.This2.   ________willspendthesummerholidayinHawaii.     A.She,youandI   B.You,sheandI  C.I,youandshe          D.Her,meandyou 3.   Betweenyouand________,heisnotarealfriend.    A.me             B.I               C.he            D.his4.   Myuncleboughtanewbikefor________.    A.theirs  B.they           C.me             D.I5.   MrSmithoftenpraises________forhisprogressinstudies.    A.he            B.him              C.I               D.me6. ---Here’sapostcardforyou,Jim! —Oh,________isfrommyfriend,Mary.    A.he     B.it      C.she     D.it’s7.Don’tshaketheyoungtree.________leavesarefallingoff.Youshouldlookafter________.    A.It,it’s      B.It’s,it    C.Its,it          D.It,it8.LittleBabyknowsthatheshouldnottakethethingsthatdonotbelongto________.     A.he   B.his      C.her        D.him9.Willanyonegoonatripwithhim? —Not________.    A.I               B.me              C.mine            D.he10.Amongthoselovelytoys,thebrowntoydogwasgivenby________.     A.he      B.his      C.him      D.he’s特殊疑问句-----对划线部分提问特殊疑问词意思用法What什么对物体、东西、动作、提问When什么时候对大概笼统时间提问Whattime几点对具体时间点提问Where哪里对地点提问Who谁对人提问Whose谁的对事物主人提问How怎样对情况以及方式提问Howmany多少对数量提问提问（可数的）Howmuch多少对数量或钱提问（不可数的）Whatcolor什么颜色对颜色提问Whatday星期几对星期几提问Howold多大了对年龄提问What’sthedate什么日期对日期的提问对划线部分提问的步骤：1.根据划线部分的内容选择合适的特殊疑问词，（划线部分删去。）2.将特殊疑问词放在句首，将原句中有be动词或情态动词提到特殊疑问词后，第一人称改第二人称，大写改小写，句号改疑问号,其他照抄。☞Sheisadoctor.→Whoisshe?3.如果原句中既没有be动词也没有情态动词时，则借助于助动词do或does，（主语为第三人称单数时借助助动词does），大写改小写，句号变问号，第一人称改第二人称。（当主语为第三人称单数时，原句中的动词三单要还原。）注意：当划线部分为一个动作时，则确定用特殊疑问词what，划线部分内容不能直接去删掉，而是用相应的do或doing代替，当划线部分为一般现在时时，用do代替，当划线部分为现在进行时时，则用doing代替。 特殊疑问句练习：一、选择正确的单词填空(who,where,when)1._____isthatprettygirl?Sheismysister.2._____areJackandTom?Theyarebehindyou.3._____doyougotoschool?IgotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.4._____hasabeautifulflower?Johnhasabeautifulflower.5._____arethey?Theyaremyparents.6._____ismymother?Sheisinthelivingroom.7._____areyougoing?Wearegoingtothebakery(面包坊).8._____doJimandWendyplayball?Theyplayballintheafternoon.9._____doeshejog?Hejogsinthepark.10._____areyoufrom?I"mfromChangchuncity.二、就画线部分提问1.Heismyfather.2.Theyareunderthetree.3.IoftenwatchTVafterdinner.(晚饭后)(提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。)4.Lilyswimsintheswimmingpool.(游泳池)5.Supermanfliesinthesky.6.Ioftenbrushmyteethintheevening.7.AlanlikestoplaywithBill.8.Joe"sfatherplaysbadminton(羽毛球)everyweekend.9.Thesupermarketisneartheschool.10.Thelaptop(笔记本电脑)isonthetable.11.Jenniferhasapairofearrings(耳环).12.Theflowersareintheflowerpot(花盆).13.Mygrandpatookustothezoo.14.Iputthegoldfish(金鱼)intothefishtank(鱼缸).15.The monkeysleepsatnight.      三．用whattime,whatcolor,whatday,what填空。1.A:_____________isit?  B:Itisnineo’clock.2.A:_____________doesyourmothergetup?   B:Mymothergetsupat6:30.3.A:_____________doyougotobed?B:Igotobedat10:00.4.A:_____________doDianaandFionahavesupper? B:DianaandFionahavesupperat18:00.5.A:_____________isit?B:Itispurple.6.A:_____________isthesky?B:Theskyisblue.7.A:_____________isyourcoat?B:Mycoatisblack.8.A:_____________isthedog?B:Thedogiswhite.9.A:_____________istoday?B:TodayisMonday.10.A:_____________istomorrow?B:TomorrowisTuesday.11.A:_____________wasyesterday(昨天)?B:YesterdaywasSunday.12.A:_____________doyoulike?B:Ilikered.13.A:______isthis?Thisisacomputer(电脑).14.A:______areyoudoing?B:Weareplayingbasketball.15.A:______doesyourmotherdo?B:Mymotherisapolicewoman.16.A:______arethose?B:Thosearepeppers(辣椒).17.A:______isinthebox?B:Alovelydollisinthebox.18.A:______isonthetable?B:Theappleisonthetable.19.A:______isintheclassroom?Theblackboardisintheclassroom. 20.A:__________________?B:Maryishungry.21.A:______________________________?   B:Myfavoritecolorispink.22.A:________________________?B:Nickisplayingtabletennis.四．连线：（Match）1.What’sonthechair?      Thereisabookinthebag.2.Howisyourfather?        Theseareapples.3.Whatarethese?          Igotoschoolbybus.4.Whatisinthebag?       Theradioisonthechair.5.Howdoyougotoschool?  Myfatherisfine.6.Howmuchisit?         Iwashmyfaceinthemorning.7.Whattimeisit?            Ihavetwohands.8.Whendoyouwashyourface?     Itisfouro’clock.9.Howmanyhandsdoyouhave?    Itis5RMB(人民币).10.Whendoyouhavelunch?        Ihavelunchatnoon.句型转换练习:一、按要求完成句子（要求：A：改为一般疑问句 B：改为否定句）1.Iamastudent.→A:                             B:2.TheyareEnglishcars.→A:                             B:3.Thisisapencil-box.→A:                             B:4.ItsnameisPolly.→A:                               B:5.ThesearemyEnglishbooks.→A:                       B:6.Iknowhisname.→A:                                 B:7.Pleaselookafteryourcat.→A:                         B:8.Thereissomemoneyinthepurse.→A:                    B:9.Therearemanyapplesonthetree.→A:                      B:10.Youcangotohavealook.→A:                        B:11.Comehere,please.→AB:二、回答句子（A：肯定回答   B：否定回答）1.Areyouateacher?→A:                        B:2.Isthisyourruler?→A:                         B:3.Arethosebananatrees?→A:                     B:4.Isthereapictureonthewall?→A:                B:5.Arethereanytreesonthehill?→A:             B:6.Canyouseeabirdinthesky?→A:                B:7.DoyouknowMrWang?→A:                         B: 三、单复数句变换(把单数的句子变成复数，复数的变成单数)：1. Isthisyourbox?→:2.Thereisaboyinthepicture.→3.Thatishisnewbook.→4.ItisaChinesecar.→5.Sheisawomanworker.→6.Wehavemanyoldpictures.→7.ArethoseEnglishbooks?→8. TheyareJapanesestudents.→9.Whoarethosemenoverthere?→10.Theyaresomepolicemen.→四、将下列句子改为选择疑问句：1.TomisinClassThree.（用ClassTwo）→_________TominClassThree__________ClassTwo?2.Samiseleven.（用twelve）→___________Sameleven___________twelve?3.IssheinTeamTwo?IssheinTeamThree?（合并）→4.ThegirlisLucy.（用Lily）→___________thegirlLucy___________Lily?5.YourEnglishteacherisaman.(用awoman)→___yourEnglishteacheraman___awoman?6.Thetreeisbig.（用small）→________thetreebig_________small?7.Mybrotherisadoctor.（用ateacher）→____yourbrotheradoctor___ateacher?8.Thoseareapples.（用pears）→_________thoseapples__________pears?9.Therearesomesheeponthehill.（用dogs）→___there___sheepor___onthehill?五、就划线部分提问：1.Yourbookishere.→___________ ________yourbook?2.I’mthirteen.→3. BillisinClassFive.→___________ ________ ______Bill__________?4.SheisinRowNine.→___________ ________ ________she________?5.That’samapinEnglish.→___________ ___________inEnglish?6.Sevenandeightisfifteen.→___________ ___________sevenandeight?7.Theyareboxes?→__________ ____________they?8.ThewomanisMrs.Read?→__________ _____________thewoman?9.Mr.Zhangisathome.→____________ Mr.Zhang?10.Theflowersarenearthewindow.→___________ ________theflowers?11.Theflowersnearthewindowarepurple.→_________ _________arepurple?12.Theflowersnearthewindowarepurple.→____________arepurple?13.Jackisn’tatschooltoday.→___________isn’tatschooltoday?14.Therearesomebooksunderthetree.→_________ _________underthetree?15.Therearefiftybooksonthedesk.→______ _____ _____arethereonthedesk?16.Thereisachildinthetree.→________ ______ ______arethereinthetree?17.Myfatherisadoctor.→__________is____________father?18.Heisfine.→___________ishe?19.Heisfive.→___________ __________ishe?20.Thoseapplesaregreen.→_________ __________arethoseapples? 21.Thosegreenapplesaremine.→________ _________are________?22.Thesearetheirshoes.→_____________ ______________arethese?23. It’stwelveo’clocknow.→__________________________________now?24. KateisMr.Green’sdaughter.→___________ ____________isKate?25.Ilikethepicturesinthisbook.→___________youlikeinthisbook?26.It’sseventennow.→_______ ________ ______ ______now?27.LiLei’suncleisapoliceman.→28.IamKate’sbrother.→29.MrGreenisanEnglishteacher.→30.AuntSallyistheirChineseteacher.→