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一、形容词和副词的构成1.合成形容词的构成单个形容词的构成比较复杂,考生要熟记常见的形容词的后缀(如:-able,-al,-en,-ful,-ish,-ous-y,-ly等等)。而合成形容词是有规律可循的。规则例词规则例词形容词+名词-edkind-hearted名词+形容词world-famous形容词+形容词dark-blue名词+现在分词peace-loving形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking名词+过去分词snow-covered形容词(副词)+形容词wide-awake名词+(普通)名词[来源:学科网ZXXK]English-language副词+现在分词hard-working数词+名词-edthree-egged副词+过去分词newly-built数词+名词twenty-year2.副词的构成规则例词在形容词后加“ly”entirelycuriouslyexactlyfortunatelyattentivelyimmediately将形容词的词尾“le”变“ly”comfortable—comfortablygentle—gentlypossible—possiblyprobable—probably词尾“y”变“i+ly”busy—busilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyangry—angrilyhungry—hungrilylucky—luckilyhappy—happily特殊词true—truly二、形容词和副词的功能1.形容词的功能功能举例定语Hehasneverseensuchamoreinterestingfilm.他从来没有看过这么有趣的电影。23
表语I’mfine,buttired.我身体很好,但很累。Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.天气变得越来越暖和。主语(宾语)补足语Thefishwascaughtalive.这条鱼是活抓的。(主语补足语)Nowyouhavetopullittomakethesurfacesmoothlikethat.现在你必须拉动它以使表面像这样的光滑。(宾语补足语)伴随状语Hespent7daysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.他在风雪中度过了7天,又冷又饿。Shestaredintothedistance,speechlessforalongtime.她盯着远处看,好长时间不讲话。与定冠词连用表示某一类人或物,在句中可作主语、宾语Therichandthepoorliveverydifferentlives.富人和穷人过着不同的生活。2.副词的功能功能举例状语Heworkedhardallhislife.他一辈子工作努力。Heplaystennisverybadly.他网球打得相当糟糕。作表语Sorry,Mr.Smithisn’tin.Heisout.抱歉,史密斯先生不在,他出去了。定语Onourwayhome,wesawatrafficaccident.在回家的路上,我们目睹了一起交通事故。宾语补足语IsawyououtwithMr.Whiteyesterdaymorning.昨天早上我看到你和史密斯先生出去了。注意:副词主要用来作状语,只有少量的副词如:away,up,on,in,off,out等才可以用来作表语和宾语足族语。here,there可以用来作表语,还可以后置修饰名词用作定语。三、形容词在句中的位置形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况下后置1修饰some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时nobodyabsent,everythingpossible2以-able,thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossible23
-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后3alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等作定语时后置theonlypersonawake4和空间、时间、单位连用时abridge50meterslong5成对的形容词可以后置ahugeroomsimpleandbeautiful6形容词短语一般后置amandifficulttogetonwith7enough修饰名词时可以前置也可以后置,但修饰形容词或副词时要后置______totakehisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave注意:多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序熟记口诀就可以顺利解题:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。规则:限定语(The、A)+描绘性形容词+size(小)+shape(形状)+age(年龄、时间)+color(颜色)+origin(国籍、来源)+material(材料)+purpose(目的)+名词。▲This________girlisLinda’scousin.A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish四、形容词和副词的重点用法情况例句同级比较时常常用as…as…以及notso(as)…as…Sheisastallashermother.Iamnotas/sogoodaplayerasyouare.双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级(+than)”的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方阴藏起来的情况。Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.Ihaveneverseensuchamoreinterestingfilm(thanthisone).23
表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.表示一方随另一方变化时用“themore…themore…”句型Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake否定词+比较级表示肯定意义Ican’tagreewithyoumore.我再同意你的意见不过了(或:我完全同意你的意见)。Theweathercouldn’tbeworse.天气再糟糕不过了。Thiscouldgivehernogreaterpleasure.这使她再高兴不过了。There’snothingcheaper.没有比这再便宜的了。Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforhisfriends.为朋友而放弃生命的爱是最伟大的爱。比较下列两句Hecouldn’tcaremore.他非常介意。(或:他最关心不过了。)Hecouldn’tcareless.他毫不介意。(或:他最漠不关心了。)倍数的表达表达法一:Aisthree(four,etc.)timesthesize(height,lengthetc.)ofB.Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍。表达法二:Aisthree(four,etc.)timesasbig(high,long,etc.)asB.23
AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。表达法三:Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,etc.)thanB.Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.五、形容词、副词的易混点情况易混点形容词和副词的区别和联系容易把以“ly”结尾的形容词当成副词。下列这些都是形容词:deadly,friendly,lovely,likely,lonely,silly,livelyWhathesaidsounds_________.A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]sound是连系动词要跟形容词作表语,四个选项只有C是形容词,故答案为C。[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:Z#xx#k.Com]有些副词加“-ly”后变为另一副词,意义容易混淆常见的有:close近—closely密切地deep深—deeply深切地hard努力—hardly几乎不late迟—lately近来free免费—freely无限制地most非常—mostly大多数23
toomuch和muchtoo的区别:①toomuch有下列用法▲toomuch的含义是“太多”,充当形容词用时,too是副词,用来修饰much,后接不可数名词;▲toomuch充当副词用时,可用来修饰动词;▲toomuch充当代词用时,后面不接名词,代替上下文提到的事物。Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.我有太多的家庭作业要做。WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.看电视看得太多对你的健康有害。Yougavemetoomuch.你给我的太多了。②muchtoo意为“太”,much(副词)用来修饰too(副词),以加强语气,只可起副词作用,在句中修饰形容词或副词。It’smuchtooexpensive.太贵了。Youwalk(much)toofaryesterday.昨天你散步走得太远了。It’smuchtoocold.天气太冷了。相同形式的形容词和副词意义上的混淆①Thiskindofmaterialfeelsveryhard.这种材料摸上去很硬。(形容词)Hefoundmodernartveryhardtounderstand.他发现现代艺术很难理解。(形容词)Heisworkinghardatmaths.他正在努力学习数学。(副词)②Ifhewerewell,hewoulddotheworkwell.如果身体好的话,他会把这项工作做好的。(第一个well是形容词,第二个well是副词)③Afterallsoundswerestill,hehadbeenthinkingforhours,butstillhecouldn’tdecide.一切静下来后,他一直思考了好几个小时,但还是做不了决定。(第一个still是形容词,第二个still是副词)④Heisafastreader.他读书速度很快。(形容词)⑤Thedoorwasfastshut.门紧闭着。(副词)Hisfatherwasfastasleep.他的父亲睡得真香。(副词)23
as+原级+as构成的词组①asmuchas+不可数名词:多达Eachstoneweighsasmuchasfifteentons.②asmanyas+可数名词:多达Ihaveasmanyassixteenreferencebooks.③asearlyas:早在AsearlyasthetwelfthcenturytheEnglishbegantoinvadetheisland.④asfaras:远到;就……而论Wemightgoasfaras(走到远至)thechurchandback.AsfarasIknow(就我所知),hehasbeentherebefore.⑦as…asonecan:尽其所能Hebegantorunasfastashecould.⑧as…aspossible:尽可能Justgetthemtofinishupasquicklyaspossible.as,such,so用法容易混淆①as+形容词+a+单数名词Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.②such和so的句式结构so+形容词/副词so+形容词+a(n)+单数可数名词so+many/much/little/few+名词such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词such+形容词+不可数名词such+形容词+复数名词注意:Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycan’tdressthemselves.因为little在这儿表示“小”,而不是表示“少”的意思。23
more/lessthan及其相关结构①morethan+具体数字=over多于、超过morethan+名词/动词/形容词/副词:不仅仅HespokeEnglishmorethantwoyears.(两年多)ChinaDailyismorethananewspaperanditcanalsohelpuslearnEnglish.(不仅仅是一份报纸)②notmorethan不超过(顶多)=atmostTherewerenotmorethan70womeninthestorethen.(不足70个妇女)③nomorethan仅仅,只不过Thetheaterwasnomorethanapaintedbarn.这戏院只不过是漆了油漆的库房而已(没什么大不了的)。④lessthan少于、不足Theircarbrokedownwheretheydrovelessthanfivemiles.(不到五英里)⑤notlessthan以上,至少=atleastHehasnotlessthan200dollars.(至少200美元)⑥nolessthan不会少于,与……一样,简直就……Itisnolessthanrobberytoaskmeforsomuch.要我这么多钱,简直跟抢劫没有两样。23
①more…than…与其……不如……Heisnotmoreanartistthanaphilosopher.与其说他是位艺术家,不如说他是位哲学家。②notmore…than…不如……,不及……Youarenotmorecarefulthanheis.你不如他仔细。③no+比较级+than仅仅……,最多……只不过……,和……一样不Thiskindofplantgrowsnohigherthanoneinch.这种植物最多长到一英寸。TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。HeisnomoreagoodplayerthanIam.他和我一样都不是好球员(他也好不到哪里去)。④less+形容词/副词/名than比……更少,不如……JaneislessbeautifulthanSuan.Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork.=Heismorelazythanslowathiswork.⑤notless…than不比……少,不亚于……Sheisnotlesscharmingthanherdaughter.她跟她女儿一样有魅力。⑥noless…than不会比……差,正如……一样”Adolphinisnolessacleveranimalthanadogis.海豚不会比狗笨吧!23
连接性副词不弄清上下文的逻辑关系就会误用这些连接性副词。常用的此类词有:besides而且、再说,instead而是、反而,though不过、可是、然而,however不过、仍然、然而,thus/therefore因此、所以,furthermore/moreover此外、而且、再者,otherwise/or否则、不然,anyhow/anyway反正、不管怎样,evenso即便如此、即使这样,orrather更确切地说等等。①Progresssofarhasbeenverygood._______,wearesurethattheprojectwillbecompletedontime.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides“一直进展良好”与“按时完工”是因果关系,用therefore。本题答案是C。②Thehurricanedamagedmanyhousesandbusinessbuildings;__,itcaused20deaths.A.orelseB.thereforeC.afterallD.besides由前后语境不难确定,是要表示“此外,还有,而且”,用besides。其它选项不合语境:orso大约;therefore因此;afterall毕竟。本题答案是D。③Muchofthepowerofthetradeunionshasbeenlost.,theirpoliticalinfluenceshouldbeverygreat.A.AsaresultB.AsusualC.EvensoD.Sofar由前后的语意逻辑可知,所填之词应是表示“即使如此”之意,用evenso。句意:工会已经失去很多权力了;即使这样,他们的政治影响还应当还是很大的。本题答案是C。注意:1.可以修饰比较级的词有:much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,still,yet,byfar,any,agreatdeal;2.表示“最高程度”的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite,excellent,extreme,perfect,superior,junior等。①—Manyastudenthasa________opinionofhim.—Butheisspoken________ofbytheleaders.A.bad;worseB.badly;highlyC.bad;moreD.bad;better23
【解析】答案为D。haveabadopinionofsb.对某人评价不高;speakhighly/wellofsb.对某人评价很高。据句意,选D项。②Totheirgreatrelief,themissingchildreturnedhome,______,afteranabsenceoftwoweeks.A.felttiredandsoundB.tiringandsoundlyC.feelingtiredbutsoundlyD.tiredbutsound【解析】答案为D。句意:使他们宽慰的是,丢失的孩子两周后又重返家园,虽然很疲惫但很健康。形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,不表示动作的方式。③AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway______totheHomeCircleBuilding.A.easyenoughB.enougheasyC.easilyenoughD.enougheasily【解析】答案为C。因“makeone’swayto”是固定词组,意为“前往”,修饰动词“made”要用副词,排除选项A和B;副词“enough”修饰形容词或副词,要后置,故排除D项。④Nomatterhow________,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.A.adesertmaybedryB.dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe【解析】答案为B。考查副词修饰形容词的语序。how与形容词和可数名词单数连用的顺序为:how+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数,与其用法一样的还有so,too等。如:sodifficultaquestion如此难的一个问题;It’stoolongaJourneytomakeinoneday.旅程太远,一天之内到不了。故选B。句意:沙漠无论多么于旱。也不一定就没有生命。⑤Weonlyhad$100andthatwas_______tobuyanewcomputer.A.nowherenearenoughB.nearenoughnowhereC.enoughnearnowhereD.nearnowhereenough【解析】答案为A。nowherenear是固定短语,意思是“差得远;远不及”,相当于一个形容词,enough做副词用,修饰形容词或副词时,应该放在被修饰词的后面。句意:我们只有100美元,他怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。⑥______studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChinese23
【解析】答案为A。根据“限定词+形容词+名词”,数词属于限定词,选出A和B来;再根据“描绘(strong)+(长幼young)+国籍(Chinese)”选出正确答案。①HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot______anativespeaker.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan【解析】答案为C。修饰动词“speak”时要用副词,排除A和B选项;又因“than”前必须是比较级,故排除D选项。②Thechildrenlovedtheirdaytrip,andtheyenjoyedthehorseride_________.A.mostB.moreC.lessD.little【解析】答案为A。很容易误选B或C。根据句子意思可以看出,孩子非常喜欢白天的旅行,而且他们最喜欢的就是骑马了。(从句子中可以看出白天的旅行中经历了很多事情,骑马只是其中之一,所以选用最高级别most)③Howmuchshelookedwithoutherglasses!A.wellB.goodC.bestD.better【解析】答案为D。句意:不戴眼镜她看上去更好看!与戴眼镜形成对比。much用来修饰比较级。④Ilikethisjacketbetterthanthatone,butitcostsalmostthreetimes_____.A.asmuchB.asmanyC.somuchD.somany【解析】答案为C。考查倍数的表示方法。空白处补充完整为“asmuchasthatonecosts”。⑤—Doyouknowourschoolwillbeenlargedsoon?—Ofcourse.Itwillbe________insize,asfarasIknow.A.thelargeB.thelargestC.threetimesaslargeD.largerthreetimes【答案】C 【解析】考查倍数表达法。通常表达形式有:Ais倍数as+adj.+asB;Ais倍数+形容词比较级+thanB;Ais倍数+the+n(size,weight,length...)ofB.据句意,C项中为threetimesaslarge(asthepresentone)insize。选C项。⑥Itlooksliketheweatherischangingfor______.Shallwesticktoourplan?A.theworseB.worseC.theworstD.worst【解析】答案为A。隐含着将现在的天气与将来的天气进行比较。“the23
worse”后面省略了“weather”意为“天气变坏或恶化”。句意:看上去好像天气在变坏。我们还要不要坚持我们的计划?⑦Idon’tthinkthisfilmisbyfarthemostboring.Ihaveseen______.A.betterB.worseC.thebestD.theworst【解析】答案为B。由前文“我认为这部电影不是最没趣的”可知,“我看过(比这部)更差的电影”,省略了“thanthisone”。①Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn’taskfora_______boss.A.betterB.goodC.bestD.stillbetter【解析】答案为A。根据句意前半句可知,史蒂文先生工作棒极了,后面意味这再也找不到更好的老板了,用否定副词与比较级连用表达最高级。②—HowareyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I’veneverhad_______onebefore.A.apleasantB.amorepleasantC.amostpleasantD.themostpleasant【解析】答案为B。考查“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的用法。句意:—你最近去四川的旅行怎么样?—我以前从未玩得这么开心过。否定词never+比较级表示最高级的含义,表示这次四川之行是到目前为止玩得最开心的一次旅行,故答案为B。③Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels_____desiretogotobed.A.themostB.moreC.worseD.theleast【解析】答案为D。因为feeltheleastdesiretogotobed意为“完全不/一点也不想去睡觉”与前文的“他现在还非常兴奋”的语意一致。④Atyphoonsweptacrosstiffsareawithheavyrainsandwinds_______strongas113milesperhour.A.tooB.veryC.soD.as【解析】答案为D。“as+原级+as”可以表示程度:每小时高达113英里的速度。①—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.23
—Why?It’s______thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.A.farmoreinterestingB.muchlessinterestingC.nomoreinterestingD.anylessinteresting【解析】答案为A。程度副词可修饰形容词比较级,放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?”进行的反问,选A。句意:“我得说,这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。”“什么?这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”②Iwishyou’ddo________talkingandsomemorework.Thusthingswillbecomebetter.(2006江苏卷)A.abitlessB.anylessC.muchmoreD.alittlemore【解析】答案为A。“less”是“little”的比较级,表示“较少的”。根据所提供的情景“somemorework”可判断出“要少说话,多干活”。“abit”用来修饰比较级。“any”修饰比较级用在疑问句或否定句中。①WhenMomlookedbackontheearlydaysoftheirmarriage,shewonderedhowtheyhadmanagedwith______money.A.sofewB.suchfewC.solittleD.suchlittle【解析】答案为C。本题考查so和such。难点在于他们后面如果是不可数名词怎么办。such+形容词+不可数名词与so+形容词+不可数名词,两种结构完全一样,如何区分?其实,区别很简单,就看形容词是什么。如果该结构中的形容词是表示数量多少的many,much,few,little,则用so;但是,当little翻译成“小”的时候,用such,suchlittlechildren这么小的孩子。solittlemoney这么少的钱。②Wewerein______whenweleftthatweforgottheairlinetickets.A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrushC.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrus【解析】答案为D。由such(形容词)和so(副词)与带不定冠词的单数可数名词连用的语序可知“soanxiousarush或suchananxiousrush”。③—Nowthatyoulikethecarsomuch,whynotdriveitback?—Well,howcouldIafford________car?A.thatexpensiveaB.thatanexpensiveC.suchexpensiveaD.asuchexpensive23
【解析】答案为A。这里的that是副词,意为“那么,那样”,相当于so,一般用于疑问句和否定句中,修饰形容词。that/soexpensiveacar=suchanexpensivecar。①Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives______ofmyfriends.A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully【解析】答案为D。由题干中的but可知,后半句表否定意义,故选D项。theleast+形容词(副词)+原形,表示“最不……”。lesscarefully是两者之间的比较。②Ofthetwosisters,Bettyisone,andsheisalsotheonewholovestobequiet.A.ayoungerB.ayoungestC.theyoungerD.theyoungest【解析】答案为C。当表示两者之中比较年轻的那个时,要用形容词比较级,并在比较级前加定冠词the。theyoungest表示多于两个的最年轻的。①Studiesshowthatpeoplearemoretosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.sure【解析】答案为A。所填词做表语,主语是人,由more来修饰,意思是:可能,选A。其中四个选项中possible和probable也都“可能的”之意,但他们做表语时主语只能是物,sure在此处意思不恰当。②AnewbusservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtooperatetwomonthsago.A.normalB.usualC.regularD.common【解析】答案为C。句意:两个月前天津机场开始实施了一项新的定期的公共汽车服务。normal正常的;usual通常的;regular有规律的,固定的,正规的,common普遍的,常见的。③Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneyourself.A.ratherthanB.otherthanC.morethanD.betterthan【解析】答案为B。句意:这张表格只能由你本人签字。ratherthan而不;otherthan除了,相当于but和except;morethan不仅仅;betterthan比……多、好。选B。④Ifitisquite_______toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortable23
【解析】答案为A。固定搭配beconvenientto….对……是方便的。⑤Theyoungmancouldn’taffordanewcar._______,heboughtausedone.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.InsteadD.Still【解析】答案为C。句意:这个年轻人买不起一辆新车,他就买了辆二手车代替。instead相反,取而代之,语意符合语境;besides此外,表示语意上的递进;otherwise否则的话,表示语意的转折;still仍旧。注意:词义辨析和搭配这一块内容是高考的热点也是难点。考生需要靠平时的逐步积累,才能在考试中应对自如。1.Frankputthemedicineinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe________tothekids.A.accessibleB.relativeC.acceptableD.sensitive【答案与解析】A句意:Frank将药放在上层抽屉里,以确保其不容易让孩子们拿到。accessible常与to搭配,意为“为……容易取得的”,符合题意。B项意为“相对的”;C项意为“可接受的”;D项意为“敏感的”。2.IwonderwhyJackalwaysgetsgoodmarkswhenhedoesonly________theothers.A.halfasmuchasB.asmuchashalfC.halfasmanyasD.asmanyashalf【答案与解析】A 句意:我在想为什么杰克总能得高分,虽然他的努力程度只有其他人的一半。表示比较时应把倍数词放在最前面,此处much修饰的是动词does,表示程度。若受marks的干扰而选择C项,则语句不通。3.Don’tputchairs thestove.Drywoodcatchesfireseasily,youknow.A.farawayfromB.toocloselyfromC.tooclosefromD.toocloseto【答案与解析】D从后一句判断,前一句话意为“不要把椅子放得太靠近炉子”,用closeto表示“接近,靠近”。4.Tocompletethefoodquestionnaire,theresearchersaskedabouttheparticipants’ intakeandassessedthefrequencyofintake.A.usualB.commonC.ordinaryD.normal【答案与解析】A考查形容词词义辨析。usual以往的;common常见的;ordinary普通的,平凡的;normal正常的。由句意可知调查的是参与者“往常的”饮食情况。5.Theprice________shouldhavemadeyourealizeitwasatrick.A.aloneB.justC.simplyD.only【答案】A23
【解析】句意:仅仅价格本身就能使你意识到这是一个骗局。alone放在名词或代词后,表示only“仅仅”的意思。6.—InearlyautumnSteveappliedforadmissiontocollege.HewantedtogobuttoCornellUniversity.—Oh,whynotHarvard?A.anywhereB.somewhereC.everywhereD.nowhere【答案与解析】Dnowherebut…意思是:除了……哪里也不。7.Withtheadvancesoftechnology,plasticshavetakentheplaceofmany________materials.A.conventional B.optional C.artificial D.potential【答案与解析】Aconventional 传统的、常见的。句意为:随着科学的进步,塑料产品已经代替了传统的材料。optional可选择的、随意的;artificial 人造的,仿造的;potential潜在的,可能的。8.Becarefulthatagoodnameofaproductdoesn’t______meangoodqualityofit.A.alternativelyB.approximatelyC.obviouslyD.necessarily【答案与解析】D句意:当心名字好听的产品并不一定质量好。alternatively“可选择地”;approximately“大约”;obviously“显然地”;necessarily“必然地”。根据句意选D项。9.Theywereprettypoorbutmostoftheirfriendswereeven_________.A.richerB.badlyoffC.worseoffD.welloff【答案与解析】C句意:他们相当穷,但是他们朋友中的大多数的境况甚至更差。由语境可知C项正确。10.Asatypist,themostimportantaspectofthejobistobeabletotypequicklyand_____.A.faithfullyB.actuallyC.roughlyD.accurately【答案与解析】Daccurately精确地。作为一名打字员,这项工作最重要的一个方面就是快速、精确地打字。faithfully忠诚地;actually实际上,事实上;roughly粗糙地。11.________leftbeforethedeadline,itseems_______thatwewillfinishthetaskontime.A.Becausesomuchtime;likelyB.Assomanytimes;possibleC.Thoughalotoftime;possibleD.Withalotoftime;likely【答案与解析】D该句中seem是一个系动词,在表可能的形容词中只有likely可以用语itislikelythat结构,故排除B和C,时间是被留下的,A中使用的是原因状语从句,但是缺少了系动词。12.A_________identificationcardisrequiredwhenyoupurchaseforeignmoneyfromtheBank23
ofChina.A.validB.perfectC.beneficialD.flexible【答案与解析】A句意:当你从中国银行购买外汇时,需要有效身份证。perfect“完美的”;beneficial“有益的”;和flexible“灵活的”均不符合句意;valid“有效的”符合句意。13.Ourmanager,whoisparticularabouteverything,willnotacceptyourdesignunlessitistruly.A.mysteriousB.considerateC.curiousD.novel【答案与解析】Dnovel新颖的。句意为:我们的经理,对一切都很挑剔,你的设计除非是真的很新颖,否则他们不会接受的。mysterious神秘的;considerate考虑周到的;curious好奇的,古怪的。14.Thesedaysstrangethingshappened______inthesmallvillage,whichcausedapanicamongthevillagers.A.frequentlyB.fluentlyC.regularlyD.deliberately【答案与解析】Afrequently常常,频繁地。近来,一些奇怪的事情频频发生在这个小村子里。fluently流利地;regularly有规律地;deliberately故意地。15.Aftertheaccident,weare________concernedwiththesafetyofschoolbusesthanweusedtobe.A.littleB.lessC.muchD.more【答案与解析】D句意:意外事故之后,我们比过去更加关心校车的安全。16.Manystudentstriedtheirbestnottomakecarelessmistakesintheexaminationbutsomeofthem_______foundtheyfailed.A.eventuallyB.completelyC.exactlyD.effectively【答案与解析】A句意:许多学生在考试中尽力不犯粗心的错误,但是其中有一些最终发现自己没有做到。eventually“最终;终于”;completely“完全地”;exactly“精确地”;effectively“有效地”。A项符合题意。17.Sheisquitetoofficework.Youhadbetterofferhersomesuggestionswhennecessary.A.familiarB.freshC.similarD.sensitive【答案与解析】Bfresh“没经验的,不熟练的,新手”。她对办公室工作比较生疏,在必要的时候23
最好给她提供一些建议。familiar熟悉的;similar相似的;sensitive敏感的。18.Wehaveourbadtimesbutonthewholewe’re______happy.A.rarelyB.merelyC.fairlyD.chiefly【答案与解析】C语意:我们处境艰难,但是总体来说我们相当高兴。根据本句中的转折连词but可知应用fairy,表示“相当,颇”。A项表示“很少”,B项表示“仅仅”,D项表示“主要的”,都不符合句意。19.AvolcanoinIndonesiaeruptedonNovemberthe16th,2010,and_____,hundredsofpeoplewerekilled.A.consequentlyB.continuouslyC.constantlyD.consistently【答案与解析】Aconsequently因此,结果。句意:在2010年的11月16日,印度尼西亚的一座火山喷发了,造成了数百人遇难。continuously不断地,连续地;constantly不变地,经常地;consistently一贯地。20.IhopeIwillnotbecalledoninclassasI’mnotyetprepared.A.readilyB.activelyC.adequatelyD.attentively【答案与解析】Cadequately充分地。句意为:我希望这几个别被叫起来回答问题,因为我准备不充分。readily乐意地;actively积极地;attentively注意地,留意地。21.Weputourbooksinthebookcasetokeepthemfromdust.A.emptyB.freeC.looseD.short【答案与解析】Bfreefrom没有……的。为了不让书上沾上了灰尘,我把它们书放进了书架。22.—Theconcertweattendedlastnightwasreallywonderful.—Yeah,Ihadneverbeento___.A.thebestoneB.abetteroneC.aworseoneD.theworstone【答案与解析】B这里比较级和否定词连用,表达的是最高级的意思。句意:“我们参加的音乐会太精彩了。”“是的。这是我参加的最好的一场。”23
23.Thepatientissupposedtogotothehospitalforchecks.A.commonB.normalC.regularD.usual【答案与解析】Cregularchecks“常规检查”。句意:(医生)建议这位病人应该到医院进行常规检查。这里指的是定期的检查,所以选regular。24.—Creditcardsareusefulwhentraveling.—True.Theysaveusthetroubleoftakingtoomuchcash.A.particularlyB.partlyC.exactlyD.gradually【答案与解析】A修饰形容词useful,表示程度,所以用particularly,意思是“尤其”。句意为:当你外出旅游的时候,信用卡尤其有用。partly部分地;exactly精确地;gradually慢慢地。25.Madeupofpeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,theneighborhoodismuchmore________thananyother.A.reliableB.differentC.flexibleD.varied【答案与解析】D由于(这里的人)来自世界各地,所以邻里关系比其他任何一个地方更多样化。varied意思是:多样化的。26.We’vegotageneralideaofwhatwewant,butnothing______atthemoment.A.concreteB.ordinaryC.standardD.abstract【答案与解析】A本句前半部分提到只是有笼统的想法,由此可知此刻还没有任何“具体的”内容,故A项正确。后三项分别表示“普通的”,“标准的”,抽象的”,与句意不符。27.—Areyoupleasedwithwhathehasdone? —Notintheleast.Itcouldn’tbe________.A.sobad B.muchbetterC.anyworse D.thebest【答案及解析】C否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义。句意:“你对他所做的工作满意吗?”“一点也不满意。没有比这个更糟的了。”28.Thelittlemanwas_______onemeterfiftyhigh,whoisoftenlaughedat.23
A.almostmorethanB.hardlymorethanC.nearlymorethanD.asmuchas【答案与解析】Bhardly相当于no。句意为:这个人不到1米5,常被人嘲笑。29.—Haveyoureadthenewly-publishednovelbyJ.K.Rowling?—Yes.I______recommendthisbooktoanyonewhoissickofthesameoldstories.A.brieflyB.instantlyC.fullyD.awfully【答案与解析】C根据答语的内容可知说话全力推荐这本书,所以选fully意为:完全地。briefly“简短地”,instantly“立即”,awfully表示“非常”。30.Inthatschool,Englishiscompulsoryforallstudents,butFrenchandRussianare_____.A.specialB.regionalC.optionalD.original【答案与解析】C对应前面的compulsory(必修的),所以选optional(选修的)。句意为:在那所学校,对于学生们来说,英语是必修的,而法语和俄语是选修的。31.Noneoftheunderwaterworkershasbeenharmedbythegreatfish.________,mostfishweresofriendlythattheyplayedwiththeinstruments.A.InsteadB.EventhoughC.HoweverD.Though【答案与解析】A句意:水下工作的工人没有一个被大鱼伤害,相反,大多数鱼很友好以至于他们和装备玩耍。32.Ofthetwo,Iwouldprefer_______camera,whichisveryeasyformetocarryA.asmallB.asmallerC.thesmallD.thesmaller【答案与解析】D这里特指两个之中较小的那个,所以用thesmallercamera。33.Weknowplayingcomputergamesforlongtimecanharmone’s_______health.A.regularB.magicalC.physicalD.reliable【答案与解析】C句意:我们知道长时间玩电脑游戏对我们的身体健康有害。physicalhealth指的是身体健康。regular定期的,magical魔术的,reliable可靠的。34.Afteralotofquestioning,Jack______admittedhehadtakenthecar.A.frequentlyB.eventuallyC.absolutelyD.generously【答案与解析】B经过一系列的23
询问,杰克终于承认是他偷了那辆车。所以选eventually意思是:最终,终于。frequently频繁地,经常地;absolutely完全地,经常地;generously慷慨地,大方地。35.Mymotherseemsforawomanherage.A.enoughenergeticstillB.enoughstillenergeticC.stillenergeticenoughD.stillenoughenergetic【答案与解析】Cstill应该放在被修饰的形容词前面,而enough应放在被修饰的形容词之后,所以选C,意为:足够的精力充沛。36.Heis_______carelessthatwhateveryousaytohimgoesinatoneearandoutattheother.A.soB.veryC.suchD.too【答案与解析】A“so+形容词+that”为固定用法。句意为:他太粗心了,以至于你无论和他说什么,他都是一只耳朵进,另一只耳朵出。37.Samuelcan"thelphavingabignose—itis_________ofhimtobecuriousaboutothers"affairs.A.typicalB.constantC.considerateD.unique【答案与解析】AIt istypical of sb. to dosth.做某事是某人的风格。句意为:Samuel总是爱管闲事--对别人的事情好奇是他的风格。38.Thetrafficproblemshaveseverelyaffectedeconomicdevelopment.________wemustsparenoeffortstosolvethem.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Nevertheless【答案与解析】BTherefore“因此”,表转折。交通问题已经严重影响了经济的发展,因此,我们应该不遗余力的来解决这个问题。Furthermore “ 此外,而且”,表递进;Meanwhile “同时,其间”;Nevertheless“然而,不过”,表转折。39.We"llgetintouchwithyouassoonasticketsbecome.A.presentB.preciousC.availableD.convenient23
【答案与解析】Cavailable“可以利用的,可以买到的”。句意:一有票卖,我们就将联系你们。present现在的;precious宝贵的,珍贵的;convenient方便的。40.I’maboutwhatIsaybecausecarelessremarksarelikelytohurtothers’feelings.A.enthusiasticB.curiousC.doubtfulD.cautious【答案与解析】Dbecautiousabout意思是:对……小心谨慎;谨慎于……。句意为:我对你所说的话很很谨慎,因为大意的评论很可能会伤害别人的感情。23