高考英语语法-虚拟语气讲与练 7页

龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校龙文教育个性化辅导授课案ggggggggggggangganggang纲教师：学生：时间:年__月__日段一、授课目的与考点分析：　高二重要语言点---虚拟语气二、授课内容：知识框架1.含有条件状语从句的复合句名词性从句宾语从句三大板块wish（wouldrather）+宾语从句suggest（…）+宾语从句2.主语从句Itis+adj./p.p/n.+that+主语+(should)+do虚拟语气表语从句主语+isthat+s+(should)+do同位语从句主语+that+s+(should)+do3.定语从句Itis(high)timethat+主语+did用过去式表现在情况1.时态后退型用过去完成式表过去两种形式用过去将来表将来2.should+动词原形型1.条件句中的虚拟语气时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式 将来动词过去式(be用were)should+动词原形wereto+动词原形 would/should/might/could+动词原形现在动词过去式(be用were)would/should/might/could+动词原形过去had+动词过去分词would/should/might/couldhave+动词过去分词举例：(1)将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校IfheshouldgotoQingHuaUniversity,hewouldmakefulluseofhistime.如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。Ifheweretocomehere,hewouldtellusaboutit.如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。(2)现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：Ifhewerefree,hewouldhelpus.要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。Ifhestudiedatthisschool,hewouldknowyouwell.如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：IfIhadseenthefilm,Iwouldhavetoldyouaboutit.我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。IfIhadgotthereearlier,IwouldhavemetMr.Li.如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。注意事项：1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句HadIfinishedmyhomework，Iwouldbeabletogowithhimnow.2.特殊情况（主句和从句动作不是同时发生的）：①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing.如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher.要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如：Ifithadnotbeenrainingtoomuch,thecropswouldbegrowingmuchbetter.如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。Ifhehadbeenworkinghard,hewouldbeworkingintheofficenow.要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。2.方式状语从句中的虚拟语气asif,asthough引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构为：表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构发生在主句动作之前had+过去分词与主句动作同时发生过去时(be用were)发生在主句动作之后would/could/might/should+原形动词例如：Theybegantotalkwarmlyasiftheyhadknowneachotherforlong.他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。Hecoughedtwiceasifsomeoneshouldcome.他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。3.英语中，wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为： 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构发生在主句动作之前(1)had+过去分词；(2)would/could/might/should+have+过去分词与主句动作同时发生过去时(be用were)发生在主句动作之后would/could/might/should+原形动词例如：IwishIlearntEnglishwell.我希望我已学好了英语。IwishIhadbeentherewiththemlastweek.我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿。Hewisheswecouldgoandplaygameswithhim.他希望我们能去跟他做游戏。4.英语中，wouldrather之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。起虚拟语气的结构为：表示所发生的时间虚拟语气结构过去had+过去分词；现在过去时(be用were)将来过去时(be用were)例如：I’dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。I’dratheryouwereherenow.我倒想你现在在这儿。We’dratheryouwentheretomorrow.我么倒想你明天去那儿。5.定语从句中的虚拟语气英语中，表示：“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：Itis(high/about)timethat+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形。如：ItistimethatIwenttopickupmydaughteratschool.我该去学校接我的女儿了。Itishightimeyoushouldgotowork.你早该上班了。6.简单句中的虚拟语气1.说话时，为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌，言语常使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构形式常为：would/could/might/should+原形动词。如：Wouldyoumindmyshuttingthedoor?我把门关起来你介意吗？Youshouldalwayslearnthislessonbyheart.你要把这个教训牢记于心。Ishouldagreewithyou.我应该同意你的观点。2.表示“祝愿”时，常用“may+主语+动词原形+其他”。如：Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!祝你一路顺风。Mayyouryouthlastforever!祝你青春永驻。3.表示强烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”时，常用动词原形。如：LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina.中国共产党万岁。 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校7.表语从句及同位语从句中虚拟语气英语中，表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice,desire,decision,idea,instruction,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时，表语从表面上看几屗及同位语从句都须用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+动词原形。如：Wefollowedhisadvicethatweshouldaskourteacherforhelp.我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助。Hetoldushisideathatheshouldgotouniversity.他告诉了我们他的想法：他想上大学。Hissuggestionisthatweshoulddoourworkmorecarefully.他的建议就是我们的工作要更细心些。8.宾语从句中的虚拟语气1．英语中，如：advise,ask,demand,desire,decide,insist(坚决要求),order,propose,request,suggest(建议)表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，起虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+原形动词。如：Theteacheradvisedthatweshouldmakegooduseofeveryminutehere.老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。但是，当insist的意思为：坚决认为，坚持说；suggest的意思为：表明，暗含，暗示等时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。如：Tominsistedthathehadn’tstolenthewatch.汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。Hissmilesuggestedthathehadsucceededinthisexam.他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。9.主语从句中的虚拟语气在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语其的结构为：should+动词原形，主句中的谓语动词形式不限。句型：(1)Itisadmirable/dreadful/extraordinary/odd/remarkable/sad/advisable/annoying/disappointing/surprising/upsetting/frightening/better/best/curious/desirable/important/strange/peculiar/proper/necessary/natural…that…(2)Itisapity/ashame/nowonder….that…(3)Itissuggested/requested/desired/proposed/….that…(4)Itworriesmethat…如：Itisimportantthatweshoulddowellinourlessonsfirst.我们先把功课学好很重要。Itisstrangethatheshouldnotcome.很奇怪，他竟没有来。Itisapitythatweshouldnotmeetlastnight.真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。巩固练习题：1.Ifyouwereoldenough,I________youtogothereyesterday.A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed2.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey________themeninatonce.A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校3.__________Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were4.Itisstrangethatsuchathing_________inyourclass.A.willhappenB.happensC.shouldhappenD.happened5.HowIwishI________torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtriedB.hadn"ttriedC.havetriedD.didn"ttry6.Ifhe_______totheteacherattentively,he_______theanswertotheproblemnow.A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknowC.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow虚拟语气练习1.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe__nothingwrongand__free.A.did;set   B.haddone;shouldbeset  C.do;beset  D.haddone;mustbeset2.MothersuggestedthatI___myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV. A.did   B.shalldo  C.do D.havedone3.Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting__offstillnextweek..A.beput B.toput C.shouldput D.beputting4.Thesuggestionhasbeenmade___thebasketballgame__putoff.A.for;to B.that;be C.which;shouldbe D.to;being5.Thecommanderorderedthatthewounded___tohospitalrightnow. A.tobesent B.shouldsendC.send  D.besent6.6.Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies_____tothevillagesoon.A.wouldbesent B.shouldsend C.besent D.mustbesent7.7.Theyrequestedthathe___ontheradio. A.spoke B.speaks C.speak  D.wouldspeak8.Itisimportantthatwe__wildanimals.A.willprotect   B.shouldprotect C.shallprotect   D.areprotecting9.Itisnecessarythattheproblem___atonce. A.solves B.shouldsolve C.shouldbesolved  D.willbesolve10.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam___beforeeleven.A.mustfinish   B.wouldbefinished  C.befinished   D.mustbefinished11.Shemadethedemandthatshe___atonce. 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校 A.leave B.leaves  C.left  D.tobeleft12.HeistalkingtoomuchaboutAmericaasifhe__there. A.hadbeen  B.hasbeen  C.was  D.been13.Motherinsistedthatthechild"shands___beforedinner. A.shouldwash B.bewashed  C.wouldwash D.hadwashed14.Itisstrangethathe___interestedinmuchofhisresearch. A.shouldhavelost B. wouldlost C.hadlost  D.willlost15.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you___allrightnow. A.are B. were  C.wouldbe  D.wouldhavebeen16.___Ibefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou. A. Could B.Should C. Might D.WasI17.___todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway. A.IfwereI  B.Iwere  C. WereI D.WasI18.____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Wouldheleave   B.WasheleavingB.Werehetoleave D.Ifheleave19.____yourletter,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.A.IfIreceived    B.ShouldIreceived C.HadIreceived  D.IfIcouldhavereceived20.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou___ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.A. were  B. hadbeen C.are  D.be21.Shoulditrain,thecrops___. A.wouldbesaved  B.wouldhavebeensaved C.willbesaved    D.hadbeensaved22.You___earlier.Thebusleftamomentago. A.wouldcome  B.shouldhavecome  C.maycome   D.havecome23.Hetreatedmeasthough____hisownson.A.Iam B.Iwouldbe  C.Iwas  D.Iwere24.Hesmiledasifhe____mythought.A.read  B.wasreading  C.hadread  D.hasread25.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn"tanyonmethen. 龙文教育-----您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校A.wouldlend  B.wouldhavelend  C.couldlend   D.mayhavelent26.You___suchaseriousmistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.A.maynotmake        B.mighthavenotmade C.shouldn"thavemade  D.mightnothavemade27.We____theworkonthetimewithoutyourhelp.A.hadn"thadfinished    B.didn"thavefinished C.couldn"thavefinished  D.can"thavefinished28.Ifyou___atschool,you__acollegestudentnow.A.hadstudiedhard;wouldhavebeen B.shouldhavestudiedhard;shouldhavebeenC.hadstudiedhard;wouldbe  D.wouldstudyhard;musthavebeen29.IfonlyI___asyoungasyouare!A.being  B.am   C.be  D.were30.“HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?”“No,butIwishI___.”A.have  B.will  C.do  D.had三、本次课后作业：另附四、学生对于本次课的评价：○特别满意○满意○一般○差学生签字：五、教师评定：1、学生上次作业评价：○好○较好○一般○差2、学生本次上课情况评价：○好○较好○一般○差教师签字：www.longwenfz.com龙文教育教务处主任签字：___________