高考冲刺高中英语语法——主谓一致 4页

主谓一致导言：向左看，向前看——就近原则；向左看，低头想——意义原则！其实，主谓一致就是在看，在想！热身完，看看结果哦！最新原创热身运动：1.ThephotopublishedonApril25,2015,showstwopiecesincludedinauniformsetforstudentsattheGongguanForeignLanguageSchoolinGuangdongprovincethat______2180yuan,orabout$352.A.costB.costedC.costingD.costs2.ManyaChineserescuer_______inKatmandutohelpwithreliefworkinthequake-affectedareasinceyesterday.A.hasarrivedB.havearrivedC.arrivedD.arrives3.Zhang,togetherwithotherpost-80sdogtrainers,________inShijiazhuangcity,capitalofNorthChina"sHebeiprovince.A.liveB.livesC.livingD.tolive【答案揭晓】ACB一、主谓一致的定义主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系二、主谓一致的类型1、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数　（1）EnglishandAmericanliteratureareappealingtoher.（2）Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree.注：Thesingeranddancer（只有一个冠词，指一个人）istoattendoureveningparty.2、主谓一致中的就近原则（1）Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsistoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.注：常见的还有neither...nor,notonly...butalso，either....or.... （2）Alargepercentageofthewheatcropwasruinedbytheflood.（3）About20%(one-fifth)ofthestudentsareabsenttoday.注：常见的还有alofof/lotsof/halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof......（4）Therestandsahighbuildingbehindourschool.（5）Therearelikelytobemorenewchangesinourcountry,althoughtherehavebeenmanygreatchangessincelastyear.　3、谓语动词与前面的名词一致（1）TheteachertogetherwiththestudentsisdiscussingReadingSkillsthatwasnewlypublishedinAmerica.（2）ManyclassmatesincludingTomwereinvitedtotheparty.注：常见的还有n.+with,alongwith,aswellas,ratherthan,asmuchas,but,except,including....（3）Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome,butthiskindofdifficultiesisspeciallyhardtodealwith.注：常见的还有form,type,sort,species,series4、谓语需用单数（1）Manyateacherandmanyastudenthasseenthefilm.（2）Morethanonestudenthasfailedtheexams.注：常见的还有every/each/manya/no+n.（单数）+and+every/each/manya/no+n,（单数），morethanone（3）Fortymileswascoveredinasinglenight.注：常见的还有表示时间，重量，价格，体积等做主语时（4）Whathesaidleavesmuchforustothinkabout.（5）Improvingtheproductionprocessisnecessary.（6）Toseeistobelieve.注：名词性从句、动名词和不定式等做主语时5、谓语需用复数Thepoorareoftenproviedsomefoodorhotwaterintheseareas.注：常见的还有the+形容词/国籍形容词/姓氏的复数做主语6、指代意义决定谓语的单复数（1）Allisgoingwell.(一切顺利.)（2）Allarepresent.(所有人都到齐了.)【解析】在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定.（3）Hejoinsthefootballteamwhoareallfamousfootballers. （4）Afootballteamwhichkeepsontraininghardismorelikelytowin.【解析】集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,team，group，club,public,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示一个集体。注：但集合名词people,police,cattle,goods等在任何情况下都用复数形式.（5）Thesetrousersneedcleaningandthispairoftrouserismine.注：常见的还有pants,jeans,compasses,glasses,shorts,scissors)（6）Thereareavarietyoftoysonsaleinthatshopbutthevarietyofgoodsissurprising.（7）Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.（8）Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,alargequantityofgoodearthisbeingwashedawayeachyear.（9）Alargequantityofbooksareonsalenow.【解析】有些名词，如variety,number,population,proportion,majority等有时看作单数，有时看作复数.　　三、主谓一致的解题技巧关键词：看看我是谁主谓一致题型的解题过程，主要“看看”主语“是谁”，才能相应的选择动词的单复数。例如：Thepolicesearchingforthemurdererinachemicalworks,whichbuiltinthe1920’s..A.was,wasB.were,wasC.was,wereD.were,were【解析】“看看”主语是“thepolice”,判断谓语动词用复数；“看看”which指代”works”,意为著作，谓语动词用单数，故选择B。四、主谓一致的经典考题1.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksaswellasagymtothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered2.Yourtrousersdirty,butthispairoftrouserstoolongforyou..A.is;isB.are;isC.are;areD.is;are3.Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were4.everyboyandgirlknowthatearlytobedandearlytoriseagoodhabit.A.Does,areB.Do,areC.Do,isD.Does,is5.ThepopulationofChinaabout1.4billion,ofwhichover80percentpeasants.A.is,areB.are,areC.has,isD.have,is6.Everymeansbeentriedbyallwhopresentbutwithoutanyresult.A.have,areB.have,isC.has,areD.has,is7.TheLeaguesecretaryandthemonitoraskedtocollectlargequantitiesofinformationwhichaboutschoolsafetythatmonth.A.was,wasB.was,wereC.were,wasD.were,were8.Thegreatwriterandprofessortoldthatwhenandwheretobuildthenewfactorybeendecided.A.is,haveB.are,haveC.is,hasD.are,has9.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthatbeenaskedandhe’stheonlyoneofthestudentswhogotalltheanswersright.A.have,hasB.has,haveC.have,haveD.has,has 10.Manyamancometohelpusandallgoingonwell.A.have,isB.has,isC.have,areD.has,are11.eitherofyourparentsrealizedwhattheydonogoodtoyou?A.Have,doesB.Have,doC.Has,doesD.Has,do12.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook,therestofwhichmoredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.Betweenthetworowsoftreestheteachingbuilding,wherealargequantityofequipmentneeded..A.stand,areB.stands,areC.stands,isD.stands,is14.Thefollowingsomeotherexamplestoshowthattoplaybasketballandtogoswimmingusefulforcharacter-training..A.are,areB.is,areC.are,isD.is,is15.Bothofthemcometorealizetherichnotalwayshappy..A.have,isB.have,areC.has,isD.has,are答案：ABCDACDCABCACAB