高中英语语法 状语从句总结及练习 10页

高中英语语法状语从句总结及练习　　由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。　　（一）时间状语从句　　表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till(until),since,once,assoonas(或themoment),bythetime,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when,everytime等引导。　　e.g.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.　　Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.　　Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.　　NosoonerhadIgonetobedthanIwenttosleep.　　（二）原因状语从句　　原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,nowthat（既然）等，for表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。　　e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn"tgettheposition.　　Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.　　Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.　　（三）地点状语从句　　引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。　　e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.　　Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.　　（四）目的状语从句　　引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so,sothat（从句谓语常有情态动词）,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等。　　e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.　　ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.　　Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.　　（五）结果状语从句　　结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由sothat（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,so…that,such…that等引导。 　　e.g.Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.　　Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.　　Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.　　（六）条件状语从句　　条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if,unless,so(as)longas,onconditionthat,so(as)faras,ifonly(=if)。注意：条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。　　e.g.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.　　Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.　　SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.　　Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.　　Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.　　（七）让步状语从句　　让步状语从句可由although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whether…or,nomatterwho(when,what,…)等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。　　e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.　　Childasheis,heknowsalot.　　Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.　　（八）方式状语从句　　方式状语从句常由as,asif(though),theway,ratherthan等引导。　　e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.　　Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.　　（九）比较状语从句　　比较状语从句常用than,so(as)…as,themore…themore等引导。　　e.g.Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.　　Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.　　Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.　　（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题　　1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 　　e.g.We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.　　I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.　　2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。　　e.g.When(hewas)stillaboyoften,hehadtoworkdayandnight.　　If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.　　If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.　　3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。　　e.g.Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（地点状语从句）　　Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）　　Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.（宾语从句）　　Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）　　Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）　　练习、状语从句　　一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：　　1.Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.　　2.ThemoreIcandofortheclass,thehappierI’llbe.　　3.Hetalksasif(asthough)heknewallaboutit.　　4.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.　　5.Ishallgototheparkunlessitrains.　　6.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.　　7.Wherethereiswater,thereislife.　　8.Hestudiedhardsothathecouldcatchupwithhisclassmates.　　9.Sinceyouareverybusy,Iwon"ttroubleyou.　　10.Evenif(though)Ifail.I’llneverloseheart.　　11.Onceyoubeginthework,youmustcontinue.　　12.Iwillfindherwherevershemaybe.　　13.Nowthatyou"vecome,you"dbetterhavedinnerwithus.　　14.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn"tfallasleep. 　　15.Wemustdoeverythingashetellsus.　　16.IndiaismuchbiggerthanJapan.　　17.Nomatterwhenyoucome,youarewarmlywelcome.　　18.As(So)longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates.　　二、用适当的连词填空：　　1.Dr.Bethune(白求恩)cametoChina__________hewasfifty.　　2.Hebegantowork__________hegotthere.　　3.Let"sbeginourmeeting__________everyoneishere.　　4.IliketheEnglishpeople,__________Idon"tliketheirfood.　　5.__________yougoinChina,youcanseesmilingfaces.　　6.Hedidn"tcometothelecture,__________hewasverybusy.　　7.__________wehadenoughtime,wewalkedtothecinema.　　8.Theywillhelpyou__________youmeetwithdifficulty.　　9._________wecametotheuniversity,wehavelearntquitealot.　　10.Ididn"tjointhemyesterdayevening__________Ihadtogotoanimportantmeeting.　　11.Wewouldtrytogetacar__________wecouldalltraveltogethermoreeasily.　　12.Shewouldn"tforgethermother"sbirthday__________sheseldomwrotetoherfamily.　　13.We"redoingeverythingwecantomakethingsaseasyforyou___________wecan.　　14.Themeetingbecamesodisorderly__________thespeakerhadtoshouttheaudiencedown.　　15.Hewasangrier__________everbefore.　　16.__________youlockallthedoors,hecanstillmanagetogetin.　　17.Theboywassotired__________hefellasleeponthebus.　　18.Hard_________hetried,hecouldn’tforcethedooropen.　　三、选择填空：　　1.I’llletyouknow____hecomesback.　　A.before       B.because         C.assoonas     D.although　　2.Shewillsingasong____sheisasked. 　　A.if        B.unless       C.for            D.since　　3.Wewillwork____weareneeded.　　A.whenever     B.because       C.since         D.wherever　　4.Readitaloud_____theclasscanhearyou.　　A.sothat        B.if       C.when        D.although　　5._____yougo,don"tforgetyourpeople.　　A.Whenever    B.However          C.Wherever       D.Whichever　　6.Itisabouttenyears_____Imetyoulast.　　A.since        B.for                   C.when          D.as　　7.Theywillneversucceed,_____hardtheytry.　　A.because      B.however           C.when               D.since　　8._____stillhalfdrunk,hemadehiswayhome.　　A.When       B.Because            C.Though            D.As　　9._____shewasverytired,shewentonworking.　　A.As          B.Although          C.Even        D.Inspiteof　　10.Busy_____hewas,hetriedhisbesttohelpyou.　　A.as         B.when       C.since       D.for　　11.IlearnedalittleRussian_____Iwasatmiddleschool.　　A.though       B.although          C.asif         D.when　　12._____wegottothestation,thetrainhadleftalready.　　A.If          B.Unless           C.Since          D.When　　13._____therainstops,we"11setoffforthestation.　　A.Before            B.Unless              C.Assoonas        D.Though　　14.Shewas_____tired_____shecouldnotmoveaninch. 　　A.so,that      B.such,that         C.very,that         D.so,as　　15.Wedidn’tgohome_____wefinishedthework.　　A.since        B.until                C.because            D.though　　16.I"llstayhere_____everyoneelsecomesback.　　A.evenif              B.asthough         C.because            D.until　　17.Althoughit"sraining,_____arestillworkinginthefield.　　A.they           B.butthey        C.andthey      D.sothey　　18.Speaktohimslowly_____hemayunderstandyoubetter.　　A.since       B.sothat         C.for          D.because　　19.You"llmissthetrain______youhurryup.　　A.unless      B.as         C.if         D.until　　20.Whenyoureadthebook,you"dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.　　A.atwhich        B.atwhere           C.theplace          D.where　　21.We"dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.　　A.and        B.but          C.as            D.unless　　22.Ididn"tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.　　A.until        B.unless      C.when          D.before　　23._____hecomes,wewon"tbeabletogo.　　A.Without     B.Unless        C.Except         D.Even　　24.Ihurried_____Iwouldn"tbelateforclass.　　A.since          B.sothat         C.asif          D.unless　　25._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.　　A.Everytime     B.Though            C.Even            D.Where　　26.What"sthematter_____theystillhaven"tansweredthetelegram? 　　A.when      B.that            C.though          D.however　　27.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.　　A.although          B.eventhough      C.sothat           D.since　　28.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.　　A.that        B.though           C.unless         D.if　　29.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.　　A.inthat              B.inorderthat     C.incase                    D.eventhough　　30.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.　　A.than                 B.when               C.while               D.as　　31._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.　　A.Much          B.However          C.As                   D.Although　　32.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.　　A.as;wherever     B.though;whenever     C.inspiteof;when D.that;wherever　　33.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.　　A.enoughtiredtogotobed        B.tootiredtogotobed　　C.sotiredthathewenttobed            D.verytired,hewenttobed　　34.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.　　A.asoldas           B.isoldthan        C.thatisasoldas   D.isasoldas　　35._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.　　A.Since               B.Once                C.When                D.Although　　36._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.　　A.As            B.Although          C.Unless                     D.Inspiteof　　37.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied. 　　A.than                 B.as                    C.while                      D.when　　38._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.　　A.Whichever       B.However          C.Wherever         D.Whatever　　39.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.　　A.which              B.atwhich           C.when               D.where　　40.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.　　A.because            B.so                    C.if                     D.as　　41.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.　　A.astwicemany        B.asmanytwice   C.twiceasmany D.twicemanyas　　42.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.　　A.cheaper;notasbetter              B.morecheap;notasbetter　　C.cheaper;notasgood               D.morecheap;notasgood　　43.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.　　A.aswell             B.aswellas         C.sowell             D.sowellas　　44.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,　　A.hisworksarenotwidelyread                       B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread　　C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread          D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread　　45.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.　　A.With              B.Since             C.While              D.As　　46.—Whatwasthepartylike?　　—Wonderful.It"syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.　　A.after                B.when               C.before              D.since 　　47.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.　　A.when;that              B.until;that         C.until;when       D.when;then　　48.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.　　A.what                B.how                 C.however           D.whatever　　49.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.　　A.that                 B.where              C.which              D.when　　50._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.　　A.Howeverlateishe                 B.Howeverheislate　　C.Howeverishelate                 D.Howeverlateheis　　51.Hewillcometocallonyouthemomenthe____hispainting.　　A.willfinish        B.finished            C.hasfinished             D.hadfinished　　52.____difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttocompleteitintime.　　A.Nomatter       B.Nowonder       C.Though            D.However　　53.Itwas____thatshecouldn’tfinishitbyherself.　　A.sodifficultawork   B.suchadifficultwork C.sodifficultwork D.suchdifficultwork　　参考答案　　语法复习六：状语从句　　一、　　1.Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.让步　　2.ThemoreIcandofortheclass,thehappierI’llbe.比较　　3.Hetalksasif(asthough)heknewallaboutit.方式　　4.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.结果　　5.Ishallgototheparkunlessitrains.条件　　6.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.时间　　7.Wherethereiswater,thereislife.地点 　　8.Hestudiedhardsothathecouldcatchupwithhisclassmates.目的　　9.Sinceyouareverybusy,Iwon"ttroubleyou.原因　　10.Evenif(though)Ifail,I’llneverloseheart.让步　　11.Onceyoubeginthework,youmustcontinue.时间　　12.Iwillfindherwherevershemaybe.让步　　13.Nowthatyou"vecome,you"dbetterhavedinnerwithus.原因　　14.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn"tfallasleep.结果　　15.Wemustdoeverythingashetellsus.方式　　16.IndiaismuchbiggerthanJapan.比较　　17.Nomatterwhenyoucome,youarewarmlywelcome.让步　　18.As(So)longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates.条件　　二、1.when;2.assoonas;3.as;4.though;5.Whwerever;6.because;7.Since;8.whenever;9.Since;10.because;11.sothat;12.though;13.as;14.that;15.than;16.Evenif;17.that;18.as　　三、1~5CADAC 6~10ABCBA 11~15DDCAB 16~20DABAD 21~25CABBA　　26~30BCCBD 31~35BACDD 36~40ADCDD 41~45CCBAD 46~50DBCBD　　51~53CDD