英语语法及词组 11页

黑体字单词，词组要重点背，课文中语法点要记!Unit1PlayingSportsTopic1Whafsyourfavoritesport?重点词语：1.almost-（反义词）never2.win—（过去式）won—（名词）winner3.ski—（现在分词）skiing4.famous—（比较级）morefamous5.1eave-（过去式））left7・populai•—（最【苛级）mostpopular8.healthy—（同义词）fit-…（名词）hcalth（1）词组1・duringthesummerholidays2.between...and…3.cheersb.on4.preferdoingsth.5.quiteabit/alot6.plantodosth・7.haveaskatingclub在暑假期间在两者之间为某人加油更喜欢做某事很多计划做某事举办滑雪俱乐部8.goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9.arrivein10.playagainst...与11.forlong12.leavefor...13.thedayaftertomorrow14.placesofinterest16.playbaseball17.atleast18.begoodat19.takepartin20.allovertheworld21.begoodfor22.agoodway23.keepfit/healthy24.relaxoneself重点句型到达..…对抗/较量很久动身去...后天名胜打棒球至少善于做某事参加全世界对......有益一种好方法保持健康放松某人自己25.What"syourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜爱的运动是什么？26.Whichsportdoyouprefer?=Whichsportdoyoulikebetter?你更喜欢什么运动？Ipreferskating.=Ilikeskatingbetter.我更喜欢滑雪.27.Doyouskatemuch?=Doyouoftenskate?你常滑雪吗？2&Shespendsatleasthalfanhourinthegymeveryday.每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29.Sheplaysbaseballprettywellandsheisalsogoodatjumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳. 30.Whatkindofsportsdoyoulike?=Whichsportdoyoulike?你喜欢哪种运动？重点语言点31.seesb.dosth“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程，常与everyday;often等连用.seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事"，强调动作正在进行.32.joinsb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+组织表示“加入某个组织”，成为其中一员takepartin表示"参加如：Willyoujoinus?Iwilljointheskiingclub.33.arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地点getto+地点=reach+地点34.leave...离开leavefor...动身去.../离开到…如:TheyarcleavingBeijingtomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.Ju"天他们要前往日本.35.howlong表示“多久（时间厂；提问时间段.howoften表示"多常；多久一次”；提问时间的频率.女口：TheywillstayinBeijingforaweek.—>HowlongwilltheystayinBeijing?Heplaysbasketballtwiceaweek.—>Howoftendocsheplaybasketball?36.begoodat（doing）sth.=dowellin（doing）sth.擅长于（做）某事37.makesth/sb+adj.使某物（某人）在某种状态keepsth/sb+adj.保持某物（某人）在某种状态：keeptheairfresh重点语法一般将来吋：（一）begoingto结构：①表示主语进行某一将來行动的打算、意图。如：FmgoingtoplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesthisSunday.（二）will+动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,soon,later,nexttimc（wcck/month/ycar...）等连用。willnot=won"t;缩略形式为Tl.句式：肯定句：I/She/He/Theywillgotoplaybaseballsoon.否定句：I/She/He/Theywon"tgotoplaybaseballsoon.一般疑问句：Willyou/she/he/theygotoplaybaseballsoon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/theywill.No,I/she/he/theywon"t.（三）动词plan,come,go,leave,fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.如：Fmcoming.我就来。HeisleavingforShanghai.他将到上海去。WearegoingtoBeijing.我们将去北京。Topic2WouldyoumindsayingsorrytoMichael?一、重点词语：词形转换：（1）adj.+lytadv.loudfloudlysoft—>softlyquiet—>quietlyclear—>clearlyangry—>angrilyeasy—>easily（2）过去式：fall—>fellbreak—>brokelose—>1ost throw—>threwfeel—>felt（3）kill（同义词）sick（名词）illncss2.start（同义词）begin3.far（反义词）near4.smoke（现在分词）smoking5.careless（反义词）carefdl6.important（比较级）moreimportant7.enjoy（现在分词）enjoying8.invent（名词）invention发明；inventor发明家9.indoor（反义词）outdoorlO.centuiy（复数）centuries11.feel（名词）fccling（二）词组：haveasoccergamefallillbealittlefarflom...rightaway=atoncemissagoodchanceget/missagoalshameonsb.doone"sbestsaysorrytosb.besuretodosth.进行一场足球赛病倒了离……有点远立刻;马上错过一个好机会得到/失去一分为某人感到羞耻尽某人的力对某人说抱歉确定做某事beangrywith.・•牛某人的气withonehelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的帮助下servefood上菜turnup/down..・keepsb.doingsth,inaminuteonthephonetakeaseat调咼/低（音量）让某人一直做某事一分钟后；马上在电话中就坐nevermind不要紧haveaveryexcitinglife过着非常兴奋的生活aswell也 follow/obeytherulesoveracenturylatermoreandmorepeoplefeeltiredinsteadof...asksb.todosth.makeaplanforsb.buildupgoright二•重点句型遵守规则一个多世纪后越来越多的人感到疲劳替代……叫某人做某事为某人订一份计划增进;增强正常运转Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?你能帮我吗？Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?你教我好吗？Youarealwayssocareless.你总是这样粗心大意.Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。三.重点语言点1.请求与应答：Would/Doyoumind(one"s)+doing..?Would/Doyoumindnotdoing..?Would/Doyoumindif...?Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?You"dbetternot.Wouldyoumindnotplayingthepianolouldy?Sorry,Iwon"tdoitagain.2.oneof+名词复数表示“其中之一……”3.miss“错过，思念,遗失”如：Imissedthelastbusyesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车.Hemissedhismother.他想念他的母亲.4.besuretodosth.=besurethat+句子"确定做某事"如:Wearesuretowinnexttime.=Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.5.besoiryfor...“为某事抱歉”besorrytodosth.=besorry(that)+句子"很抱歉做了某事”如：IamverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.I"msorryIlostyourbook.=I"msorrytoloseyourbook.很抱歉弄丢你的书。6.tiredadj.“(感到)疲惫的J主语是人tiringadj.“令人疲劳的”，主语是事物类似的有：excitedexcitinginterestedinteresting7.15-ycar-old“15岁的”15yearsoldT5岁”女H:Heisa15-year-oldboy.=Theboyis15yearsold.类似用法：2.5-mile/2.5miles&instead“替代;相反二一般单独使用，放在句末，前面用逗号隔开.insteadof...“替代;而不湘反”如1:Iwon"tgotoShanghai.TilgotoBeijing,instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.=TilgotoBeijinginsteadofShanghai.haveftmdoingsth.=enjoydoingsth.表示"从做中获得乐趣” Topic3Beijingwillhostthe2008Olympics・一、重点词组：jointheEnglishclub加入英语俱乐部hostthe2008Olympics举办2008年奥运会fillout填出/好alltheinterestingplaces所有有趣的地方quitealot相当多makefriendswith...与交朋友befree有空winthefirstgoldmedal赢得第一枚金牌get28goldmedals获得28枚金牌everyfouryears每四年;每隔三年behavewell举止得体improvetheenvironment改善坏境planttreesandgrass种植花草树木asymbolof...一种的象征standfor代表domorningexercises做早操befondof(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事二、重点句型1.Couldyoutellmeyourname?你能告诉我你的名字吗=Whafsyourname?2.Whatdoyoudo?=What"syourjob?=Whatareyou?你是干什么的？3.Moreandmoreforeignfriendsrideinmytaxi(=takemytaxi)now.现在越來越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.4.SpeakingEnglishwillhelpmealot.说英语将对我有很大帮助.5.Pleasefillitout.请把它填好.6.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?=Howwilltheweatherbethisweekend?本周末的天气怎样？7..TherewillbemoreroadsinBeijing.在北京将会有更多的马路.三、重点语言点1.maybe"可能是..."may是情态动词+bemaybe"或许；可能"maybe是副词，放句首如：Hemaybeateacher.=Maybeheisateacher.他可能是一名老师.2.between在两者之间among在三者或三者当中如:TheanswerisbetweenAandB.答案在A和B之间.Thewinnerisamongofus.获胜者在我们当中.3.Therebe句型的一般将來时Therewillbeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.四、交际用语提建议的句型：Wouldyouliketo...?What/Howabout(doing....)?Whydon"tyou....?Whynot(do....)?Shallwe...?(shall在疑问句屮与I和we连用，表示提出或征求意见.意思为“......好吗?/要不要……?) Unit2KeepingHealthyTopic1Howareyoufeelingtoday?一、重点词组：havea(bad/temble)cold患(重)感冒haveatoothache/backache/headache/stomachache牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛seeadcntist/doctor看牙医/医生haveacough/fever患咳嗽/发高烧havetheflu得了流感havesoreeyes眼睛发炎haveasorethroat喉咙发炎takc/havca(good)rest(好好)休息sleepwell睡得好drinkalotofboiledwater多喝开水liftheavythings提重物stayinbed呆在床上haveagoodsleep好好睡一觉feelterrible感到难受takesb.to...带某人去takesomemedicine/pills吃药dayandnight日日夜夜badluck倒霉liedown躺下hotteawithhoneybrushone"steethhaveanaccidentsendsb.to....加蜜的热茶刷牙出了事故/意外送某人去……take/havealookat...看一看not...until...直到才getwell恢复健康plentyof...充足;大量takeoffyourcoat脱掉你的人衣二、重点句型Youshouldseeadentist.你应该看牙医。Youshouldn"tliftheavythings.你不应该提重物.Youlookpale.你看起来气色不好，很苍白.You"dbettergotoseeadoctor.你最好去看更生.You"dbetternotgotoschooltoday.今天你最好不要去上学.Thankyouforyourflowersandfruit.谢谢你送來的鲜花和水果.直到今天我才读了他们.Icouldn^treadthemuntiltoday.三・重点语言点1・身体某个部位+ache,表身体某处疼痛。如：headache头痛backache背痛stomachache胃痛toothache牙痛 1.medicine“药”为不可数名词pill“药片"为可数名词女U:takesomemedicine吃些药takesomecoldpills吃些感冒药2.with“含有…”without“没有"hotteawithhoney加蜜的茶Gotoschoolwithout（having）breakfast.没吃早饭去上学。3.until“直到......为止"；句中动词一般为延续性动词not...until....“直到……才..."；句中动词一般为短暂性动词如：Hewillwaitforhisfatheruntilteno"clock.他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.Hewon"tleaveuntilhisfathercomes.直到他父亲来他才离开.4.both…and.…“……和……（两者）都"；当主语时，谓语动词用复数.如：IknowbothJimandTom.吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.BothJimandIare16yearsold.我和吉姆都是16岁.5.plentyof…“充足;大量”既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词，只用于肯定句，相当于alotof.../lotsof...如1:Youshoulddrinkplentyof/alotofboiledwater.你应该喝大量的开水.6.spend.....on+名词spendin+doingsth7.giveupdoing放弃做某事四、交际用语（一）询问病情What"swrong/thematter/thetroublewithyou?有什么不舒服?Howareyoufeelingnow?你现在感觉怎么样？（二）诉说病情1.1feelterrible./1amfeelingterrible.2.1haveaheadache/stomachache/....我头痛/肚子痛3.Ican"tsleepwellatnight.我晚上睡不好觉.4.Icoughdayandnight.我日日夜夜地咳嗽.⑶表示同情1.I"msorrytohearthat.听到这事我感到难过.（4）表达建议1.You"dbetter（not）dosth最好（不）做某事.2.Youshould/shouldn^dosth你（不）应该做某事.3.ShallItakeyoutothehospital?我带你去医院好吗？Topic2Isitgoodforyourhealth?•、重点词组:looktired看起來很累 watchasoccergameonTVstayupkeeplongfingernailswashhandsbeforemeals在电视上观看一场足球赛熬夜留长指甲饭前洗手 playsportsrightaftermeals饭后适当运动benecessaryfor._对于…是必不可少的keepyouactive使你保持精力旺盛inthedaytime在白天throwlitterabout/around乱扔垃圾getenoughsleep得到足够的睡眠exerciseonanemptystomach空腹锻炼needtodosth需要做某事getintobecomesickfightgermskeeptheaircleanandfresheatbadfoodsweepthefloorsasweknowhavetherightkindsoffoodchoosethewrongfoodindifferentwaysmakeussick二、重点句型1.1see.我明白了.进入生病抗击病菌保持空气清新吃变质食物打扫地板众所周知吃正确种类的（健康的）选择错误的（不健康的）食品用不同的方法，以不同的方式使我们生病2.Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.熬夜有害你的健康.（动名词短语做主语）3.Walkingisgoodexerciseanditisnecessaryforgoodhealth.散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.4.1sgoingtobedearlygoodorbadforyourhealth?Ifsgood・选择疑问句不能有yes/no冋答5.Itwillkeepyouactiveinthedaytime.它（早睡早起）将使你在白天保持旺盛的精力2.Youmustnotthrowlitterabout.=Don"tthrowlitterabout.不要乱扔垃圾.3.Youmaygetaheadachewhenyoucan"tgetenoughsleep.为你睡眠不足时,川能会头疼.4.Asweknow,foodgivesusenergy.众所周知，食物给我们提供能量.9.Ifwecattoolittleortoomuchfood,orifwechoosethewrongfood,itcanmakeussick.如果我们吃得太少或太多，或者食物的选择不当会生病的.三.重点语言点1.begoodfor...对有益bebadfor...对……有害2.exercise表"锻炼/运动和寸，为不可数名词；（doexercise锻炼,domorningexercises早操）Walkingisgoodexercise.散步是很好的锻炼.表“练习”“习题”，为可数名词.3.enoughadj.“足够的”修饰名词时，既可放在名词之前，也可放在名词Z后.（但通常放在名词之前）女U:Ihaveenoughmoney.adv.“足够地”修饰形容词或副词时，均放在所修饰词的后面. 如：Heistallenoughtoreachtheapple.他足够高，能够得着苹果.1.need“需要，必需”作实义动词：needtodosth.需要做某事作情态动词:need+动词原形2.toomuch+不可数名词表"太多的muchtoo+形容词表“太much起加强语气作用他实在太胖了。如：Don"tcattoomuchmeat.不要吃太多的肉。Heismuchtoofat.三.重点语法情态动词：①must44必须，一定”mustn"t“不可以”②should“应该"shouldn"t“不该"③hadbetter"最好"hadbetternot"最好不"④may“可以""“可能"Topic3一、重点词组：talkwithhurryupgoahead=goonspreadeasilyWeshoulddoourbesttofightSARS.beafraidof...catchSARSdoone"sbesttodosth与……交谈赶紧/快继续（问）易传播害怕……患上非典尽力做某事fightSARS抗击非典keepawayfromanimals远离动物dohousecleaning打扫屋子去拥挤的地方总是/一直检查病人捎口信gotocrowdedplacesallthetime=alwaysexaminethepatientstakeamessagetakecareof...=lookafter/carefor照顾tell/asksb.todosth叫某人做某事callback回电话leaveamessage留口信takeanactivepartin积极参加teachoncsclf=learnbyoneself自学onthephone/Internet在电话中/在互联网上enjoyoneself过得愉快takesomeChinesemedicine吃些中药avoiddoingsth避免做某事二、重点句型Wedon"thavetobeafraidofcatchingSARS.我们没必要害怕患上非典。Pleasetellmyfathertotakecareofhimself.请告诉我的父亲照顾好他自己。Couldyoupleaseaskhertocallmeback?请叫她给我冋电话好吗？ HetookanactivepartinthebattleagainstSARS.他积极参加抗击IF典的战斗。Hecaredforthepatientsdayandnight.他日日夜夜照顾病人。Ifsmydutytosavethepatients.挽救病人是我的职责。WhatdoyouthinkofKangkang"sfather?你认为康康的父亲怎么样？Longtimenosee!好久不见!三、重点语言点1.talkwithsb.表“与......交流”，指“与人平等地交流、讨论”2.常用的反身代词词组：takecareofoneself=lookafteroneself照顾某人自己teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得高兴3.helpsb（to）dosth=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事女口：Ihelpedmymothercookathome.=Ihelpedmymotherwiththecookathome.我在家帮我母亲做饭.四、重点语法（一）情态动词:must与haveto①must“必须;一定”②haveto“不得不，必须”，*——Mustwckeepthewindowsopenallthetime?…No,wedon"thaveto./No,weneedn"t.（注意回答吋不能用No,wemustn"t.）（二）电话用语：Hello!Could/MayIspeakto...,please?你好！我能跟通话吗？MayItakeamessage?我能捎个口信吗？ThisisKangkang.我是康康.Hello!Who5sthat?你好!你是谁？ReviewofUnits1…2breakthewindow打破窗户（玻璃）getlost丢失；迷路onone"sway（to）在....的路上takethewrongbus搭错车oneofthemostpopularsports最受欢迎的运动之一agroupofpeople一群人fbrmanintcmationalorganization成立一个国际组织eatsthbymistake误吃put...away把…收起来，收拾askforthreedays"leave请三天的假