初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习 11页

宾语从句宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)2.连接词(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用來引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whetheT不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe"llgoonthepinic・b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?c.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat"sthematterwrongwithyou?特殊情况:：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词+doyouthink+陈述句语序。3•宾语从句时态a・当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Doyouknow(if/whetherhehasseenthefilm)? b・当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：Ididn"tknow(if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun.)Theteachertoldus(thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)4・、人称的变化和标点的使用乩从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)“May1useyourknife?"Heaskedme.—>Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife."Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?"Heaskedme.—>IIeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如:Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon5tknow.—>1doiTtknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?—>Doyouknowwherehelives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.—>Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2•当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。例如：Idon"tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.—>1don"tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3•当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”，或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为"连接代词/副词+不定式"结构。如：—>Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4.当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V・ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground. 宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1.HaveyoudecidedforAustralia?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave2.Canyoutellme?A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives3.Theoldmanaskedme.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema4.1thinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.讦C・whyD.how5.1didn^tknowhewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC・weatherD・how6.1wonder•A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC・howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost7.Sheaskedme•A.whohewasB・whowasheC・whoisheD.whoheis&Askhim.A.whosecupthisisB・whosecupisthisC・thisiswhosecupD・whoseisthiscup9.1don"tknow・A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill11・TheweatherforecastdoesiftsayA.ifitrainstomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowD・ifwillitraintomorrow12.Doyouknow?A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto13.Couldyoutellmewhere?A.thetapewasB・wasthetapeC・thetapeisD.isthetape14.Theywanttoknow?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying15.Tonywantedtoknow•A.whathadFatherChristinasputinhisstockingB・whenFatherChristinashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD・whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking16.Nooneknowstheprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.讦17.Julydidn"tknow・A.whereisTim"sfatherB・whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatchl&Noonetoldus，soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC・whattodoD.whatshouldwedo19.Wedon"tknowwiththerubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB・howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo 19.Heaskedme・A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC・whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD・whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney21・Didyouhear?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay22.Canyoutellme?A.whichclassyouareinB・whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass23.-一Excuseme.Couldyoutellme?-一Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD・howIcangettothestation24.Couldyoutellmewhereyesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC・youhavegoneD.youwent25.Tomaskedme.A.whoseshirtwasthisB・whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD・whoshirtthiswas26.Excuseme，couldyoutellme?A.where"stheteachers9officeB.where"sthebusstationC.what"sshedoingD・wherethepostofficeis27.1wanttoseeMrs.Wang，butIdon"tknow.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD・wheredoesshelive2&—GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.…ButIdon"tknow・A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC・whereishelivingD.helivesthere29.—Canyoutellme?…Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid30.HaveyoudecidedforLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB・whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing31•Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC・wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow32.-一Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?-一Weareallinterestedin.A.howeggisfriedB・howiseggfriedC・HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry33.Doyouknow?A.whatitisB.whatisitC・whoisheD・whosenameisit34.Doyouknow?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC・thisbookiswhoseD・who"sbookthisis35.1don,knownow.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC・wheremycatisD.wheremycat36.Doesheknow?A.what"syournameB.whatnameisyourC・whatyourisnameD・whatyournameis37.Doyouknow?A.whichfloorhelivesB・whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD・whichfloordoesheliveson3&Tellmewhere?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis39.Hehasn"tdecided.A.ifhe"llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi 39.Canyousee?A.whathe"sreadingB.whatishereadingC・whatdoeshereadD・hereadswhat 能力提咼练习1・Idon"tknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,I"lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.1don"tknowthedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC・ifhecomesD.whetherhe"llcome2.Couldyoutellmethenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3.Couldyoutellmetheradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC・howhemendedD.whathemended5.1wanttoknow.B.whomsheislookingD・whomsheislookingafterC.helivedD.didheliveA.whomisshelookingafterC・whomisshelooking6.Doyouknowwherenow?A.helivesB.doeshelive7.Doyouknowwhattime?A.thetrainleaveB・doesthetrainleaveC・willthetrainleaveD・thetrainleaves8.Idonftknow•Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC・thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendon"tknow•A・whatistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsin10.Ican"tunderstand•A.whatdoesChristinasmeanB.whatisintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsB・whatChristinasdoesmeanC・whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeans11.Idon"tknowhewillbebackhome.A.whoB.whatC.whenD.where12.Couldyoutellme?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC・whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein13.Doyoustillremember?A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC・didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay14.1can"tunderstandtheboyalone・A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD・whyhadsheleft14.Shetoldmethesunintheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen15.Theytriedtofindoutthenewtrain.A.howfar/hadgoneB.howlong/hasgoneC・howfar/wentD.howfar/hadrun16.Themanagercameuptosee.A.whatwasthematterB・whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what"sthematter17.Canyoutellme?A.whatareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudyC・whatyouweredoingD・whattodoit18.Heaskedhisfather・A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen19.Noonetellsus,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC・howtodoitD・whattodoit21•Couldyoupleaseteachmethecompute匚A.howcheckB.tocheckC・howtocheckD.tohowchecking22.he"llcomeornotisn"timportant.A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What 22.Wouldyouliketoknowtheywilldoitornot.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why23.—WheredoyouthinkhetheTVset?—Sorry,I"venoidea.A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.didbought24.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantellitwouldbelikeinfiveyears.A.how;anotherB.what;moreC・how;otherD.what;another25.—Couldyoutellme?—Yes.HetotheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone26.—Mikewantstoknowifapicnictomorrow.—Yes.Butifit,we"llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave;willrainA.youwillhave;willrainC・youwillhave;rainsD・willyouhave;rainsFllmeethim.2&Idon,knowifhetomorrow.IfheA.willcome;comesB.comes;comesC・willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome29.1reallydon"tknowifsheitwhenshe■A.finds;arrivesB.finds;willarriveC・willfind;willarriveD.willfind;arrives30.Canyoumakesure.thegoldring?A.whereAlicehasputB・wherehadAliceputB.whereAlicehadputD.wherehasAliceput31.--WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork?—Pardon?…Iasked•A.whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYorkB・whentheShutesareleavingforNewYorkC.whenweretheShutesleavingforNewYorkC.whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork32.Couldyoutellme?Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellhim.A.whereisLiHongB.whereLiHongisC・wherewasLiHongD・whereLiHonghasbeento33.…Couldyoutellme?A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgivingC.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart34.1wanttoknow•A.whatishisnameB.whafshisnameC・thathisnameisD.whathisnameis32.Heaskedme.A.ifshewillcomeB・howmanybooksIwanttohaveC・theywouldhelpusdoitD・whatwaswrongwithme33.Doyoustillrememberatthemeeting?A.thatJimsaidB.whatJimsaidC.didJimsaidthatD.whatdidJimsaid34.—Excuseme,tothenearestbookshop,please?一-Gostraightandtakethesecondturningontheleft.A.wherethewayisB・whichthewayisC.whereisthewayD.whichistheway35.—CanIhelpyou?—Yes・IwantatickettoSuqian.Tellmetaketogetthere.A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit36.—Ihearwe41haveanewteacherthisterm・…Really?Doyouknow?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB・whatsubjectwillheteachC.whatsubjectheteachesD.whatsubjectishegoingtoteach37.Heaskedhisteacher・A.iftherewasamonsterinLochNessB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.howwouldthescientistsfindouttheresultD.wherecouldhefindthelibrary4LDoyouknowoverthere?A.whathappensB・whatwashappenedC・whatishappeningD・whatdidhappen 42.—Doyouknowwewillarriveatyourhometown?一-Thisafternoon,A.whenB.whyC.ifD.where43.CouldyoutellmetoMountPutuotomorrow?A.howyouwillgoB.howwillyougoC・howyouhavegoneD.howhaveyougone44.Couldyoutellme?A.whichroomhelivesB.whichroomhelivedC・whichroomdidheliveinD.whichroomhelivesin45.―Doyouknowheis?-一Hesays"1.75meters"；butTmnotsure.A.howmanyB.howoldC.howfarD.howtall46.Shesaidshemefivelettersinonemonth.A.haswrittenB・willwriteC・hadwrittenD.wrote47.Canyoutellmesheiswaitingfor?A・whyB.whoseC・whomD.which48.1don,knowhestillliveshere・A・whereB.whatC・whenD・whether49.-一Becareful!Don"tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid,David?…Yes,mum.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if50.I"dliketoknow・A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whetherhashereceivedhighereducationC・thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoininourEnglishevening51.Couldyoutellme?A.whenshallwestartB.whoareyouwaitingforC・wherethebusstationisD.whywereyoulate52.—Doyouknow?Pmgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon"tknow.A.wheredoesTomliveB.wheredidTomliveC・whereTomlivesD.whereTomlived53・Heaskedme.A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicsbeheld54.Shewantedtoknowhermotherlikedthepresent.A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what55.Couldyoutellme?A.whoissheB・where"sthenearestfastrestaurantC・ifhewillcometomorrowD.whichwayistotheundergroundstation56.Doyouknowifbacknextweek?Ifheback,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB・willhecome,comesC・hewillcome，comesD・willhecome,willcome57.™Canyoutellmewhy?-一BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.A.doyougotoTibetB・didyougotoTibetC.areyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet58.…Wheredoeshecomefrom?…Pardon?…Iaskedwhere.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC・hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom59.YoumustrememberA.whatyourteachersaidC.yourteachersaidwhat60.Lilylikes.A.whathertwinsisterlikeC.whatishertwinsisterlikeB.whatdidyourteachersayD・whathasyourteachersaidB.whathertwinsisterdoesD・whatdoeshertwinsisterdo61.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellmegettotheplane?■一Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC・whencanweD.whenwecan A.doesthetrainleaveB.1eavesthetrainC・thetrainleaveD・thetrainleaves63.…Idon"tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus?-一HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC・howD.where点击申聶1・YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit2.一Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeIcangettotheSpaceMuseum?—Ofcourse・YoucantakebusNo」•A.whereB.howC.讦D.why3.—Doyouknowthenewmobilephonelastweek?—Maybe900yuan・I"mnotquitesure・A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat"shesucceeds.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.Ifsabout.A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen"sreignofterror（恐怖统治）B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen"sreignofterrorC・howAliceendedtheRedQueen"sreignofterrorA.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen"sreignofterror6.—Doyouknowthegirlinredis?—Fmnotsure・Maybeatcachcr.A.whenB.howC.whereD・what7.一Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD・what8.1wanttoknowA.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC・whentheairportweshouldarriveatD・whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.-Wouldyoupleasetellme?—At10:00thisevening・A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendocsthetrainleave10.一Couldyoutellme?—FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.C.whenIcanmeetCathyD.howA.howIcanmeetCathyB・whereIcanmeetCathy11.-Doyouknowthemanwithsunglassesis?-Fmnotsure.Maybeareporter. A.whoB.whatC.where -Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine12.Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeA.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike13.Suetoldmethatsheshoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgoB.wouldgoC・goesD.hasgone14.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow・Iwonder•A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC・howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdocsitcost15.-Whendoyouthink?-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame16.Ourteachertoldusthesunintheeast.A.riseB.roseC・risingD・rises17.—Listen!ItisstillnoisyintheheadtcachcFsoffice.-Goandseetheyhavefinishedcorrectingthepapersyet.A.thoughB.whetherC・unlessD.while18.-WhattimewillMrBrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry・Idon"tknow•A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC・howsoonwillhebebackD・howlonghewillstayabroad19.-Doyouknowthemanwithsunglassesis?・I，mnotsure・Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC・whereD.how