高考英语语法专题复习讲义-名词性从句 11页

高中语法精讲一名词性从句了解这样的从句前，我们先回忆下英语中常见的句子成分：主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语(再念叨一遍:理解英语屮的句了成分对于长难句的理解是很有用的，阅读能力会进步飞快)那么问题来了：这些句子成分中，哪些可能是名词呢？换句话说，名词能做哪些成分呢？主语，宾语，表语和同位语是名词最中意的位置啦！如果把名词改为句子，那不就是从句了吗？有名词性功能的句子我们就给个高大上的名字——名词性从句：包括主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句来看个句了：Playingfootballisinteresting.这里动名词做主语。那按刚才说的，名词改为句子：Thatweplayfootballtogetherisinteresting.that引导的从句thatweplayfootballtogether在句子屮是整个作了主语，所以这句就是主语从句一、名词性从句1、名词性从句中的易错点(1)that的用法。①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用thal但不能省略。如：ThattheyarcgoodatEnglishisknowntousall.Theproblemisthatwedon"thaveenoughmoney.SheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.②宾语从句中的连接词lhat有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略:(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词Z间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，th“t不可省略；(B)当that从句少另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，lhat不能省；(C)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。如:Hejudgedthat,becausehewasachild,hedidnotunderstandwineEveryoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat...(B)Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonderthat...(C)Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat...(D)Itseems/happensthato如：IthappenedthatIwentoutlastnight.ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup.④that和what的区别。that引导名词性从句时，在主从句屮不以当任何句了成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句屮都要充当一•定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句小的先行词+关系代词即常说的先行词+thatoiU： It"sshamethathehasmadesuchamistake.Dowhathesays.①同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何旬子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词冇修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句,就应用连词that而不能用which.H位语从句-•般放在表貝体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，女II以卜名词：news、fact^suggestion>truthspkm、belief>doubt>possibilityidea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.(同位l吾从句)ThehopesheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.(定iS从句)(2)whether和if的用法。©whether和if在宾语从句屮，可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether0如:Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback・②后面直接跟ornot吋用whethero如：Ididn"tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan.③主语从句表语从句小只能用whethero如：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.Thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney・④whethei•可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecando让ornot.⑤whether常与or连用表示一种选择，讦不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：Thequestionofwhethertheyarcmaleorfemaleisnotimportant.Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.⑥间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if。如：Thankyou,butwhetherFllbefreeFmnotsureatthemoment.⑦whethernJ*引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。如：Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime.(3)疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别。①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句屮要充当一定的部分。女口：Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished・Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop・②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。女口：Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished・(4)when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when和where前血"的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定 语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如：Theyputforwardthequestionwheretheycouldgetthemoney.Thisistheplacewheretheaccidenthappened.2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致(1)宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一•般现在时。如：HelloJdidn"tknowyouwereinLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsataveryhighspeed.(2)主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：Whenthemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecidedyet・Whentheywillstartandwheretheygohavenotbeendecidedyet・Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecided.3、名词性从句的词序名词性从句在句中耍用陈述句语序。如：Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.We"veheardthenewsthatwe’llmoveintothenewhouse・Whateveryousaywillinterestusall.精典名题导解选择填空1•Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructed让todo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when2.一IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek..—Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?3・Ihatewhenpeopetalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.these・D.them4.1thinkFatherwouldliketoknowFvebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote・A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how5.Wecannotfigureoutquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when6.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,ourastronautsdesiredoiswalkinspace・A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how100题练习1.Hissuccesswasbecauseofhehadbeenworkinghard.A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idon’tknow A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecomeC.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrom1.makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever2.ThereasonwhyIdidrftgotoShanghaiwasanewjob・A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot 5.ItworriedherabitA.whileherhairwasturninggrey・B.thatC.ifD.for6.Henrykilledthedog.I"llaskhimwhyA.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD・hehasdoneso7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow.A.howheisgettingalongB.howishegettingalongC.whatheisgettingalongD.whatishegettingalong8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants・A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever9・Heaskedmewithme.A.whatisthetroubleC.whatwasthematterB.whatwrongwasD.whattroubleitis10.1amsurehesaidistrue.A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat11.WhenandwhyhecamehereA.isnotknownB.arenotknownyet-C.hasnotknownD.havenotbee12.1wonderhowmuchA.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostC.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcosts13.MaryisA.afraidof_someonemightrecognizeher.B.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidfor14.isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateC.Thefactthatshewasafewminuteslate15.TheycametotheconclusionA.thatnotallthingscanbedoneC.beingnotallthingscanbedone16.WhytheexplosionoccurredwasA.forB.becauseB.OwingtoafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslatebyacomputer.B.becauseofnotallthingsbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedonethelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.C.sinceD・that17.1don"tdoubthellcome.A.thatB•讦C.whatD.whether18.—"Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang〃—"Well,IforgetIwassupposedtogoto."A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC・whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasit19.Outputisnowsixtimes_A.thatB.whichitwasbeforeliberation.C.whatD.ofwhichB.howlittlesheearns20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshe"snowbuyingabighouse.Carol:Yes・Becauseshe"salwayssavedA.whatlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns 21.surprisedmemostwasA.That...whatB.What...thatsuchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.C.That...whichD.What...which22.WegavehimA.whichB.whathelpwecould.C.thatD.this 23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimandyouhavetoldhim.A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthatB・whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheldD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplaceB・howbigshoeshewearsD・whatnumbershoesarehiscanbeusedinothercontexts・B.howwhatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobservedC.he"sgoneD.washeC.whatishappening30.Thesubjectof"WhatisinterestingA.whatB.interesting31.IthinkheisCharles.A.WhodoyouthinkheisC.Whomdoyouthinkheis32.Hedidn"tknowwhichroomD.whatthematterhadbeenisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is.C.WhatisinterestingD.IB・DoyouthinkwhoheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis24.ExcusemewouldyoupleasetellmeA.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceC.whenisthesportsmeettobegin25.DoyouhappentoknowA.whatsizeshoeshewearsC.whatisthesizeofhisshoes26.ThisbookwillshowyouA.howyouhaveobservedC.thatyouhaveobserved27.WheredoyouthinkA.hashegoneB.hashebeen28.DoyouknowA.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworldA.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworldB.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisC.whatthepopulationoftheworldis29.WouldyougoandseeoutsideA.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedD.didtheyliveinD.nomatterwhatD.whatitusedtobeA.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheylive33.Thelittleboyatehismothergavehim・A.thatB.whichC.whatever34.Thecityisnolonger.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwas35.Myparentsusedtheyhadtogetanewcarforme.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhat36.wegoswimmingeverydayusalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does37.wastheideathewifethoughtofA.What...thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...how38.didhetellhiswifehewishedtodoA.That...whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...where39.Oneofthemenheldtheviewthebooksaidwasright.40.1havenoideaornothehasfinishedthework.D.whichA.ifB.thatC.whether 41.—"Doyouknow一^Hisfatherisadoctor/A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatheris42.IsthiswemeteachothertwoyearsagoA.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD・placewhich43.ItBobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat44.Weallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.A.whereB.whereverC・thatD.thatwherever45.Theydiscussedtheycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers1help・A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether46.Sheasked.A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeupC.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing47.—MayIborrowthering—Youcantakeyoulike・A.nomatterwhatB・whichC・whicheverD.that48.Hesaidthathewasfondof.A.whatbeaut讦ulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeaut讦ul49.Heinsistedthatheingoodhealthandtoworkthere.A.was,besentB・is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send50.DoyouknowheexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose51.It"suncertaintheexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterdayitwasaholiday.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butfor53.istodogoodallonelslifeandneverdoanythingbad.A.WhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardC.WhatishardD.Allwhatishard54.theboydidn"ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which55.Asthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestionforawalkinthepark.A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwego56.wecan"tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.thatwegoD.That,what57.youdon"tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether58.Youcan"timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited59.wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather. A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where57.hereallymeansishedisagreeswithus.A.What...thatB.That...whatC.Why...thatD.If...what58.isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who59.wellfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That60.thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow"smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What61.hewon"tgothereiscleartoallofus.D.ThisD.WhetherD.AnybodyA.HowB.WhatC.Why62.youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.Why63.makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.Whoever64.teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How65.Threedayslatecwordcameourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where66.Theproblemiswillgotothemeeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who70.ltlooksitweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC・eventhoughD.like71.Thatishelikestheplacesomuch・A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how72.ThatisLuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why73.WethoughtstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what74.Thefactshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how75.Whatconsideringnowthemoneyweneed.A.isB.areC.wereD.was76.CanyoutellmeA.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentiemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman77.leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights・A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who78.Itiswellknownapersoneatscauseschangesinthebody・A.thatwhat,when,andhowB・thatC.whatD.how79.Theenergyismakesthecellsabletodotheirwork. A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhat81.WeshouldthinkcarefullyaboutMr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.X82.CanyoupointouttworadiosarethebestA.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether83.Youwilleasilyknowvideorecorders（录相机）arethesame.A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseC.thatallofD.whichofthose84.youhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesn"tmatter.A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.When85.1askedherinEnglishshewas,andshetoldmeshewasanactress.A.who...thatB.who...XC.what...XD.how...that86.Shetookitforgrantedrdbebackhomeanhourago.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.when87.Wethinkitpossiblethelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem・A.forB.thatC.whenD.how88.Nowthereisadangerthegroundmayfallin（沉下）undertheheavytraffic・A.whetherB.讦C.XD.that89.AtthattimeIhadnoideaIcouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.A•讦B.howC.whichD.thathow90.LastSundayhepromisedtoday,buthehasrTtappearedyet.A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcomeC.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcome91.LastSundayhemadeapromisehewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.A•讦B.that92.DoyouhaveanyideaA.whenMissSmithwillarriveC.howwillMissSmitharrive93.1havealmostforgottenA.howMr.Taylor^likeC.whatMr.Taylor"sfaceis94.ThetruevalueoflifeisnotinC.thatifD.whetherB.whenwillMissSmitharriveD.whyhasn"tMissSmitharrivedB.whatMr.Taylor"sfaceislikeD.whichMr.Taylor"sfaceislike,but.A.howyouget-thatyougiveC.whatyouget...whatyougive95.DoyouknowA.whatisthisusedforB.whichyougotwhatyougiveD.whatdoyouget...whatdoyougiveB.whatthisisusedforC.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedfor96.surprisedmemostwas.A.That...thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What...howcouldshespeakJapanesesowellC.What...thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That...whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell97.istodance.A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMary98.Weweregreatlyamusedby. A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldusC.whatyoutoldusD・thatyoutoldus96.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom・A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect97.Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom.A.That...thatyouhadexpectedC.That...whatyouhadexpectedB.What・..thatyouhadexpectedD.What...whatyouhadexpected1-5.CDCDB6-10.BABCD11-15.ADCCA16-20.DABCA21-25.BBDDA26-30.BCDCC31-35.ABCDC36-40.DABBC41-45.CCDDD46-50.ACBAA51-55.CCCAD56-60.ACBBA61-65DABCD66-70CACDB71-75CBBCA76-80CCCCD81-85BADBC86-90ABDBA91-95CABCB96-100CCCBD