特殊句型(2012年高考英语语法辅导) 37页

2012年北京高考英语语法辅导特殊句式强调句型及其它表达强调的方法；各种倒装句；反意疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。 强　调ItisI______wrong.whoisB.thatisC.whoamD.am强调句型为It is/was +… who/that…如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用It is,指过去用It was.被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that。被强调部分是主语时要注意主谓一致。被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格,强调句也用什么格。 强　调2.Itis_____heoftenbreakstheschoolrules____makeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.what;thatB.that;thatC.that;whatD./;thatThatheoftenbreakstheschoolrulesmakeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.被强调部分往往为句子的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。 如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、not until…结构、not only…but also和as well as…等结构。 强　调3. It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.thatB.whenC.whichD./I began to appreciate their beautyonly when I reread his poemsrecently.被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when, where或why，强调词只可用that。It wasin the streetthatI met him yesterday.It wasbecause he was illthathewaslate. 强　调4.---Wasitin1969____theAmericanastronautsucceeded___landingonthemoon?---Yes,that’sright.A.when;onB.that;onC.which;inD.that;inIn1969theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.Itwas1969whentheAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.强调句型的一般疑问句结构IsWas it… who that…?e.g.Was itduring the Second World Warthathe died? 强　调5.Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess._____youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat强调句型的特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词+iswas it who that…?Where was it thatyou found your lost pen?Whowasitthatbrokethewindow? 强　调6.---Ithinkwehavemetthewordbefore.---Yes.Itmightbeinthereadingmaterial____we____readingyesterday.A.that;didB.that;wereC.when;wereD.when;did强调句型It is was…who/ that中iswas前面可用mustmaymight等表推测的情态动词修饰。It might bein his roomthathe met her.Where could it be thathe met her? 强　调7.Itwas____backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.NotuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgoHedidn’tgobackhomeaftertheexperimentuntilmidnight.对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移。结构是：Itis/wasnotuntil…that… 强　调8.Itwastwoyears____hecamebackfromabroad.A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.afterHecamebackfromabroadtwoyearslater.Itwastwoyearslaterthathecamebackfromabroad.ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearnEnglish.ItistwoyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish. 1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter____I’mtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhomEXERCISES2.Itwaswithgreatjoy____hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that 3.Itwasthere,thepolicebelieve,____shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.A.untilB.whichC.thatD.whenEXERCISES4.Ireallydon’tknow____Ihadmymoneystolen.A.whenwasitthatB.thatitwaswhenC.whereitwasthatD.itwaswherethat EXERCISES5.ItisbecauseEnglishisbeingwidelyusedatpresent____.A.whywelearnithardB.thatwelearnithardC.whichwemustlearnD.whenweshouldlearn 强　调1．用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：(只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中)Hedoesknowtheplacewell．他的确很熟悉这个地方。Hedidcomehereyesterday.Dowritetomewhenyougetthere．你到那儿后务必给我来信 强　调2．用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：That’stheverytextbookweusedlastterm．这正是我们上学期用过的教材。YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese．Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？ 强　调3．用intheworld，onearth，atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：Whereintheworldcouldhebe？他到底会在哪儿？Whatonearthisit？它究竟是什么？Doyouknowatall？你到底知不知道？4．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：Howinterestingastoryitis！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh，whatalie！啊，真是弥天大谎！ 强　调5．用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：Onthetableweresomeflowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）ManyatimehaveIclimbedthathill．我多次翻过那座山。Onlyinthisway，canwesolvethisproblem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。 1.I____seehimyesterday.A.reallyB.doC.didD.doesEXERCISES2.____becarefulwhencrossingthestreet!A.MustB.ShouldC.OughttoD.Do3.Notasingleword_____lastnight.A.hesaidB.saidheC.didhesayD.hadhesaid4.4.What____didyoumean?A.reallyB.ontheearthC.intheworldD.inearth 1、therebe句型Thereisatalltreeinfrontoftheclassroom.Therearemanydesksandchairsintheroom.Thereisapen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.Therewereoncesometalltreesaroundthehouse.1.全部倒装的情况:倒装 Therebe结构中的be可以有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。Therewasameetinginourschoolyesterday.TherewillbeanewfilmshownonSunday.Therehavebeenmanygreatchangesinourcountrysincethen.Theremusthavebeenamistakesomewhere. Therebe中的be，有时可用seemtobe,happentobe,remain,enter,live,stand,lie等词组来替代。Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithme.Oncetherelivedakingwhocaredmoreaboutnewclothesthananythingelse.Thereenteredawomanwithababyinherarms. Therebe结构与非谓语结构：Therebeingnofurtherbusiness,Ideclarethemeetingclosed.Idon’twanttheretobeanymisunderstanding.Hewasdisappointedattherebeingsolittletodo.Itisimpossiblefortheretobeanymore. 2.表示方位的副词或介词短语，如：here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等，置于句首。InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.Southoftheriverliesasmallfactory.Outrushedthechildren.Awayflewtheplane.Therecomesthebus.注意：1.不能用进行时；2.主语为人称代词时不倒装。herushed.hecomes.1.全部倒装的情况: 1.全部倒装的情况:3.带有直接引语的句子位于引语的后面或中间时。“Don’tloseheart!”saidtheoldman/hesaid.“Help!Help!”shoutedtheboy/heshouted.注意主语是代词时常不倒装。4.表语置于句首时。PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhiteandmanyotherguests.Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoung.Sittingroundherwereherchildren.Buriedinthesandswasanancientcity. ★★使用完全倒装的句子只有两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时，也就是谓语由一个单词（且表位移的动词,go,come.run等见多）构成。 EXERCISES1.Atthesightofthepoliceman,_____frombehindthedoor.A.didtheboyrushoutB.theboywasrushingoutC.outrushedtheboyD.rushingoutwastheboy2.Onthewall______threelargepictures.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehanging 2.部分倒装的情况:1.not,never,hardly,seldom,little,scarcely,neither,nor,innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeans,undernocircumstances等否定词或否定含义的短语位于句首时。e.g.NevershallIforgetthedayswhenweweretogether.LittledidIexpecttogetsuchawarmwelcome.AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.NotaworddidIsayatthemeeting.Notonlydidweloseallourmoney,butwealsolostourway. 2.部分倒装的情况:2.only修饰的状语放在句首时,主句倒装。e.g.Onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.3.so/as,neither/nor表示“也……”时。e.g.Hewon’tgoandneithershallI.Abetterunderstandingoftheenvironmentisnecessary,asisthewillingnesstoact.注意TomlikesEnglish.----Sohedoes. 4.neither…nor…连接两个句子时,两个句子都倒装。e.g.Neitherwillhestudynorwillhegotowork.5.nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…表示“一…就…时,主句用过去完成时(倒装),从句用过去时。e.g.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.2.部分倒装的情况: 6.虚拟条件句省略if时。Were,should,had提前。e.g.WereIyou,Iwouldtakethepositioninthatcompany.Hadhebeengivensomeinformation,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.2.部分倒装的情况:___Ihadtime,Iwouldhavegoneovertoseeher.A.DidB.WereC.HadD.If 7.as位于句首引导让步状语从句时，只须把表语,状语,或动词原形提到as前，(作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词)。例如：e.g.Tiredashefelt,hekeptonworking.Childashewas,hecouldworkouttheproblem.Bad-temperedasheis,helovesmedeeply.MuchashelikesEnglish,heisnotgoodatit.Tryaswemight,wecouldnotbringhimaroundtoacceptourview.2.部分倒装的情况: 8.So/Such+adj./adv./n.+that…表程度时,需用倒装。(主句倒装）e.g.Soeasywasthetaskthattheyfinisheditwithinhalfanhour.Sofastdidhewalkthatneitherofuscouldcatchupwithhim.Suchakindpersonwashethateveryonelikedhim.2.部分倒装的情况: 9.表时间，次数或顺序的副词位于句首时，句子倒装。Eg.Oftendidhecometomyhomeinthepast.ManyatimehaveIseenherwalkingaloneinthestreet.10.表示祝愿的句子。Eg.LongliveChairmanMao!Mayyousucceed!2.部分倒装的情况: Heasked____fortheviolin.(NMET1992)A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2.____fromBeijingtoLondon!(1993)A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.HowlongwayisitD.Whatalongwayitis高考选题 3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.(1995)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize4.____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.(97)A.HowlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis 5.We’llhavetofinishthejob,______.(99)A.longittakeshowB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes6.Notonly_____pollutedbut_____crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetB.thecitywas;werethestreetC.wasthecity;thestreetwereD.thecitywas;thestreetwere 7.So____thatnofishcanliveinit.(SH92)A.thelakewasshallowB.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow8.Little___abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.(SH92)A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecareD.hecared 9.____forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.(SH95)A.ifitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot10.---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.---____,and______.(SH97)A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyouC.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhave