[精品]小学英语语法复习要点 7页

小学英语语法复习要点一、名词可数名词：表示可以具体个別存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a（n）连用。可数名词复数规则：1・一般情况下，直接加・s,如1：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s.x.sh.ch纟吉尾,力P-es,女D：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加・es,如1：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加・es,女口：knife-knives5.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman・policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰）,抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如somewater），不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数photodiarydavdressthiefyo-yopeachjuicewaterriceteamanwomanbananabuschildfootsheepleaf（树叶）dishknifepenboybabvmapcityboxbookclasseyeofficecarfox（狐狸）watchlibrarypearskirtshelfcinematomatotoothwifeEnglishmanpapermilkFrenchmanpostmanfamilymousepeople(人们)fishbrushmangoJapanesesandwichpolicemanwatermelonChinesestrawberrymatchglass二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。女Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2•表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun•地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成:1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am,你用are,三单is.复数areo)2•行为动词:主语+行为动词（+其它）。如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it)时,要在动词后加或n-esuo如Marylikes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）一般现在时的变化:l.be动词的变化。肯定句：主语+be+其它。女口：Heisaworke匚他是工人。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。（be动词移到句首）女n：Iamastudein.-Areyouastudent?■Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+—般疑问句。女口:Mybikeisunderthetree.Isyourbikeunderthetree?Whereisyourbike?2.行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形（+其它）。否定句：主语+don"tCdoesn*t）+动词原形（+其它）。如：Ilikebread・Idon"tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如:Heofterplaysfootball.Hedoesn"toftenplayfootball・一般疑问句：Do（Does）+主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do,does）如:Ioftenplayfootball.・Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。女n:Shegoestoschoolbybike.-Doesshegotoschoolbybike?・Yes,shedoes・/No,shedoesn"t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+—般疑问句。女口：Shegoestoschoolbybike.Doesshegotoschoolbybike?Howdoesshegotoschool?动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2・以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加・es,女［1：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以"辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加・es,如I：study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用am,is,are填空1.1abov.youabov?No,I2.ThegirlJack"ssister.3.Thedogtallandfat:.4.Themanwithbigeyesateache匸5.yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Whereyourmother?Sheathome. 2.Howyourfather?&MikeandLiuTaoatschool.9.Whosedressthis?10.Whosesocksthey?11•Thatmyredskirt.12.WhoI?13.Thejeansonthedesk.14.Hereascarfforyou.15.Heresomesweatersforyou.16.TheblackglovesforSuYang.17.ThispairofglovesforYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.19.Someteaintheglass.20.GaoShan"sshirtoverthere.21.MysisterfsnameNancy.22.ThisnotWangFang"spencil.23.DavidandHelenfromEngland?24.Thereagirlintheroom.25.Theresomeapplesonthetree.26.thereanykitesintheclassroom?27.thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?2&Theresomebreadontheplate.29.Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.30.You,heandIfromChina.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2.DavidandTom(be)inClassOne.3.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Mike(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.they(like)theWorldCup?6.Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?7.yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10・There(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike(like)cooking・12.They(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.1(be)ill.Irmstayinginbed.16.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.—Whatday（be）ittoday?—It"sSaturday.四、按照要求改写句子 1.DavidwatchesTVeveryevening.（改为否定句）2.1domyhomeworkeveryday•（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）3.Shelikesmilk•（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）4.Helenlikesplayingcomputergames.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改为否定句）6.HespeaksEnglishverywell•（改为否定句）7.1liketakingphotosinthepark/对划线部分提问）2.JimcomesfromCanada』对划线部分提问）3.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent/改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）4.TomandDavidlikegoingskating.（改为否定句）五、改错（划岀错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.5-Shedon"tdoherhomeworkonSundays.六、一般现在时翻译练习1•我们每天七点钟上学。Weatseveno,clock2.教室有一些学生。Thereintheclassroom.3苏海英语说得很好。SuHaivery•4•高小姐教英语。MissGao.5.我父亲起得很早。Myfatherearly.6•我们非常喜欢英语。WeEnglish. 3.他常常步行去上学。Heusually.&他努力学习英语。Hehard.9•她学英语吗？she?1.他是做什么工作的？ishis?11•他不在家里做作业。Heathome.12.我们星期天不去学。WeonSundays.13.他经常十点钟睡觉。Heoften•14•有吋我五点钟起床。Sometimes,I.15他们早上七点钟去上学。Theyatseven.三、现在进行时1.现在进行吋表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now,look,listen.）2•现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.女口：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.1.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。女口：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy・Tomisnotreadingbooksinhisstudy.2.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。女U:Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?3.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+—般疑问句？（注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing）如I:Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?WhatisTomdoinginhisstudy?WhereisTomreadingbooks?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,女口：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdanceputseebuylove livetakecomesetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy(draw)apicturenow.1.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom•2.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.3.Whatyou(do)now?4.Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.5.They(not.water)theflowersnow.6.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.7.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.8.It"s5o"clocknow.We(have)suppernow9.Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework・(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3.Fmplayingthefootballintheplayground.（对划线部分进行提问）4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（对划线部分进行提问）四、现在进行吋翻译练习1•我正在读英语。IEnglish.1.他正在写字。He.3•你正在唱歌吗？是的，我在唱歌。不，我不在唱歌。you?Yes,./No,.1.他（她）在听音乐吗？he/she?5•你正在干什么？我正在做作业。areyou?Fm.6•看！杰克正在游泳。Look,Jack.7.听！她正在唱歌。Listen,she.8•现在我正在打扫房间。Imynow.9.你父亲在干什么？他正在看电视。Whatyourfather?He.10.他正在打一封电子邮件吗？是的。he?Yes,. 9.琳达经常在晚上做作业,但她今晚在看电视。Lindaoftenherintheevening.Butshethisevening.10.今天天气不错。瞧！他们正在草地上玩耍。Itistoday.Look,theyonthe11.我不能和你出去了.外面正下雨呢。Igoout•Itoutside.14•现在我们正在吃晚餐。Wenow.9.我的父母年岁越来越老了。Myparentsare.