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- 2022-06-17 16:08:21 发布
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1、be动词:am、is、are。am用于I,are用于you,we,they和名词复数;is用于he,she,it和名词单数(统称为"三单",即第三人称单数)。2、助动词,主要分为do和does。do用于主语为"非三单"(I,you,复数);does用于主语为"三单"(he,she,it,名词单数)助动词用于“否定句和疑问句”,后面一律加“动词原形”。例:(1)I like apples.否定句: I don"t like apples.一般疑问句:Do you like apples?肯定回答:Yes,Ido.否定回答:No,Idon`t.(2)He reads books on Sundays.否定句:He doesn"t read books on Sundays.一般疑问句:Does he read books on Sundays?肯定回答:Yes,he does.否定回答:No,he doesn"t.3、主语为"非三单"时,动词用原形;主语为"三单"时,动词后面加-s或-es。4、名词单数变复数规则变化的规律(1)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词,加-es。如bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches(2)以o结尾,有的单词加-es,如tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes有的单词加-s,如piano-pianos,photo-photos(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,把y改成i,再加es,如story-stories,baby-babies(4)单词以f或fe结尾的,把f或fe改成ves。如,knife-knives,leaf-leaves(5)一般情况直接加-s,如boy-boys,girl-girls,apple-apples不规则变化(1)字母a或o变成e,如man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese(2)单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,people(3)其他:child-children,mouse-mice5、many+可数名词复数,much+不可数名词some、any后面既可以加可数名词复数,也可以加不可数名词some用于肯定句和表示请求及建议的一般疑问句(Would you like/ Can(May/Could) I ...?)例如:(1)I"d like some apples.(2)There is some water in the glass.(3)Would you like some tea?May I have somenoodles?any用于否定句和疑问句例如:(1)Idon’thaveanynotebooks.(2)Idon’thaveanysoupforlunch.
(3)Doyouhaveanysisters?IsthereanyCoke?1、形容词前面必须用be动词。例:He is my music teacher.Lucy is polite.2、情态动词:can,could,may,would,should,have to,has to,后面必须加动词原形。例如:Icanswim.Ihavetoeatvegetables.祈使句用动词原形。表示请求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you),一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。如:Let"s go to school.Open the door,please.3、冠词a、an、the不定冠词(a、an),表示泛指,a+辅音,如ayoungman,auniversitystudentan+元音,如ane-mail,anactivegirl,aninterestingbook定冠词(the),表示特指、世界上独一无二的东西,如thesun,theGreatWall(注:therebe不与the连接)4、时间介词in,on,atin+一段时间:年份;季节;月份;上午、下午、晚上on+具体时间:X月X日;星期几;节假日at+时间点:atnoon,atnight,几点钟(at7o’clock;at7:30)5、play+体育项目,如playfootball,playchess,playsports,playbasketballplay+the+乐器,如playthepiano,playthepipa,playtheviolin6、问人的外貌、个性特征以及物体的外观句式:What +be动词+主语+like?7、问星期几Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?8、问你午餐吃了什么?(已吃)Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?问你午餐想吃什么?(未吃)Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?问午餐有什么吃?(未吃)What’sforlunch?9、It’stimefor+名词,如It’stimeformusicclass.It’stimeto+动词,如It’stimetogotoschool.10、ThefirstdayofaweekisSunday.11、like+可数名词复数/不可数名词,如IlikeMondays./Ilikebeef.like+动词的现在分词(动词的ing形式),如Ilikereading.like+to+动词原形,如Iliketoreadabook.