初中英语语法专项习题---代词 15页

初中英语语法专项习题■代词代词（pron.）代替名词，兼有名词和形容词的作用（一）代词的类别相互代词eachother,oneanother指示代词this,that,these.those不定代词（不指明特定的人或事物的代词）each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,（a）few,（a）little,some,any,many,much,other,another复合彳、定代词everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,cvcryonc,somconc?anyonc,noone,every-thing,something,anything,nothing疑问代词what,who,whom,which,whose直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词，引导宾语从句。表语从句等。关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。（二）代词的用法1•人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法（1）人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。eg.Shegavemearedapple.她给了我一个红苹果：（She作主语,me作动词宾语）Kathisnearhim.凯西靠近他。（介词neai•的宾语）2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：Iheirschool,hisbackpack②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词，在句屮可作主语、宾语等，后而不能再接名词。e呂Itisn"tmypen.—>Mine（=mypen）ismissing.（作主i吾）Ileftmypenathome.Youcanusehers（=herpen）,（作宾语）③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。eg.acatofhers她的一条狗,afriendofyours你的一个朋友（3）反身代词①反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用，也可作动词或介词的宾语。eg.Afewdayslater,ImyselfhadtogotoParis.（作同位语）Sheboughtherselfanewbag.（作动词宾语）He"snotworriedabouthimself.（作介词宾语）②带有反身代词的常用短语。leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下hurtoneself伤了自己dressoneself自己穿衣服cometooneself苏醒过来teachoneself自学helponeselfto随便吃些…吧saytooneself自言自语。learnbyoneself自学…enjoyoneself过得愉快（4）相互代词①表示相互关系，可用作动词或介词的宾语,用法区别不大。eg.Foryears,thetwosisterslookedafteroneanother（eachother）o多年来姐妹俩互相照顾。Weshouldlearnfromeachother.我们应当互相学习。②可以用格表示所有关系：eachother"s,oneanother"s互相的，彼此的eg.Theyarelookingateachother"spictures.他们相互看对方的照片。（5）指示代词 ①指示代词有单复数之分，既可指物，也可用于介绍人。eg.Thisisanappletree,andthatisanorangetree.这是棵苹果树，那是一棵枯子树。Thesearemyfriends,andthatismysister.这些是我朋友，那个是我姐姐。②指示代词可用來指上文中提到的事情：eg.Stevehadabadcold.This/Thatwaswhyhedidn"tcometoschoolyesterday.2.不定代词的用法（1）each,every,both,all,either,neither,no,nonefltlfflYi①each“每个/各个”（强调个体），用于两者或两者以上。eg.Twogirlscameand1gaveanappletoeach.来了俩姑娘，我给她们每人一个苹果。Eachofthemhasanicering.她们每人有一枚漂亮的戒指。②every“每个/各个”（强调全体），用于两者以上。every常作形容词用。eg.Everydayisimportanttous.每天对我们都很重要。Hehasreadeverybook（allthebooks）Onthesubject.他阅读/所有有关这个主题的书。③both表示两者“都”（强调全体）。cg.Hcrparentsarcbothdoctors.她父母都是医生。Bothofthemaredoctors.他俩都是医生。Theybothlikepotatoes.他俩喜欢吃土豆。④all“全体/大家/一切”用于三者以上，也可接不可数名词。eg.Thafsallfortoday.今天到此为止。AllofusarefromChina.我们都来自中国。Allthefoodisdelicious.所有的食物都很好吃。⑤either“两者之一”，用于两者（强调个体）。eg.Thetwocoatsarecheap,soyoucanchooseeitherofthem.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。©neither4俩个都不”，用于否定两者。eg.NeitherOfthebooksis/aresointeresting.那两本书没一本好看的。⑦no（=notany/nota）“没有"‘可接可数名词单复数，也可接不可数名词。eg.IhavenobrothersOrsisters.我没有兄弟姐妹。Aclockhasnomouth,butitcantalk.钟表没有嘴,但能说话。Thereisnofirewithoutsomesmoke.有"〈就有烟。⑧none“没有一个人/物"用于否定三者或三者以上的可数名词eg.NoneOfthemhas/havebeentoJapan.他们都没去过日本。Ilikenoneofthebooks.这些书我全都不喜欢。©neither和none表示完全否定；all,both,each和every（含every的复合词）等与not连丿IJ时表示部分否定。eg.Idon"tknowallofyou.我不完全认识你们。 NoteveryoneOfusknowhowtogothere.不是我们每个人都知道怎样去那儿° （2）one,ones和noone的用法one用来代替前而僭提到的一个东西或一个人，以免重复；复数ones用来代替前面提到的一些物或一些人；noone表示否定。eg.Wouldyoupleasepassmethesciencebook?给我递过那本科学方面的书好吗？一Whichone?哪一本？一Theoneonmyshelf.我书架上的那本。Noonehastraveledfartherthantothemoon.没有人旅行远过月球。（3）（a）few,（a）little；many,much:some,any的用法①many（+复数名词），much（+不可数名词）表示"许釦很多”。cg.ManyOfthestudentscomefromEngland.那些学生许多是从英国来的。Thanks,it"stoomuchforme.谢谢,我承受不起。②few（+复数名词）,little（+不可数名词）表示“没多/很少”（表否定）。eg,Therewerefewpeopleinthestreetlastnight.咋晚街上没什么人。Iamveryworriedthat1havelittletimetofinishthejob.我担心，我几乎没有时间完成这份工作了。③afew（+复数名词）卫little（+不可数名词）表示“有一些/有儿个”（表肯定）。eg.IcallseeafewcakesandalittlebreadinthefHdge.我看到冰箱里有几块蛋糕和一些面包。注意:quiteafew表示“相当多"eg.Therearequiteafewstudentsoverthere.那儿有相当多的学生。④some（+复数名词/不可数名词），any（+复数名词/不可数名词）表示“有一些/有儿个”（表肯定）。eg.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.树上有些鸟。Thereissomewaterinthebottle.瓶里有些水。Idon"thaveanybrothersOfsisters.我没有Isthereanyteainthecup?杯子里有茶吗？⑤some—般用于肯定句，但在表示请求、建议。反问等的疑问句中，多用some.eg：Wouldyoulikesomebeer?你要不耍來点啤酒吗？Whydidn"tyoubuysomesweets?（Youshouldhavebought）你怎么没买点糖果？⑥any—般用于疑问句和否定句及条件从句eg.Thereisn"tanywaterleft.没有剩下一点水。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pul叩yourhands.please.如果有问题，请举手。⑦somc+单数名词表示“某一个any+单数名词表示“随便哪一个”或“任何一个”。cg.Fllcatchupwithyousomeday有一天我会赶上你的。Comeanydayyoulike.你哪天来都行。Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.汤姆比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。①one,other,others,theothers,another等的用法l.o•onetheother表示两个人或两件东西中的“一个…另一个"eg.MrSmithhastwodaughters.Oneisateacher,theotherisanurse.2....oneanother 表示不定数目中的“一个"与“另一个”。eg.Idon"twantthisOne,pleasegivemeanother.2..onetheothers强调在一定范围中的“一个，与淇余的”。eg.InOurschoolOneOftheteachersisAmerican,theOthersareChinese・4.000••••sometheothers表示许多人或物，不在一定范围中的“一部分""与“其余的全部eg.Somestudentsarereading,theothersaredrawingpictures.@others=other+名词；theothers=theOther+名词。eg.Somestudentsliketraveling,others（otherstudents）likewatchingTVathome.©another表示“再/又呻寸既可接单数名词，也可接数词+复数名词。eg.Hewillbeabletofinishhisworkinanothertwohours.再过两个小时他就能完成他的工作。（4）复合不定代词的用法①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.有人在敲门②修饰复合不定代词的形容词或其它词要放在其后，即定语后置。cg.ThcrcissomethingimportantOntoday"snewspaper.今天的报纸有些重要新闻。③复合不定代词变否定句时，要否定主语：eg.Somethingiswrong.（变为否定句）Somethingisn"twrong.（错误）Nothingiswrong.（正确）④Somebody,someone,something一般用丁•肯定句；anybody,anyone,anything一般用于否定句、疑问句及条件右I。eg.Thereissomethingnewinthepark.公园里有些新的景点。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus?你有什么有趣的事要告诉我们吗？⑤当somebody,someone等用于疑问句时，表示肯定、请求、建议或反问；anybody,anyone等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”。eg.Issomeonecomingthisafternoon?今天卜午有客人来吗？Anyonecanmakemistakes.任何人都可能犯错误。2.疑问代词的用法。（1）who/whom谁（指人）。①作主语eg.Whowantstogowithhim?②作宾语eg.Who/Whomareyouwaitingfor?（作介词for的宾语）eg.Who/Whomdoyouwantlomeet?（作动词meel的宾语）③作表语eg.Who/Whomarethey?（2）whose谁的①作定语eg.Whosepenisthis? ①作表语eg.Whoseisthispen?（3）which哪一个，哪一些 ①作定语eg.WhichgirlisKathy?②作表语eg.Whichistheboy"sball?(4)what什么①作主主语eg.Whafsonthetable?②作宾语eg.Whatareyoudoing?③作表语eg.Whatishe?④作定语eg.Whatclassareyouin?方面又2.关系代词的用法关系代词用来引起定语从句，它一方面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词，另沁从句中充昌一个成分。cg-Thisisthemanwhogavemethebook.这就是给我书的那个人。Themoneythat/whichisonthetableismine.桌上的钱是我的。Themoneythat/whichmymothergavemeisonthetable.我妈妈给我的钱在桌上。代词•■练习题1()1Thoughitrainedheavily,werestillplayingontheplayground・A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves()2Tomandwillgotoseeourteacher,forisill.A.I;she・B.me;sheC.I;herD.me;her()3Isaboyorgirl?A.sheB.heC.oneD.it()4Onlyknowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC・heandID.Iandyou2()1Isawplayinginthestreetatthattime・A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs2Jimwillgiveashorttalktomorrow・A.wcB.usC・ourD.ours()3Pleaseasknottoskateonthethinice.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs()4Thepenishers.Passitto,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself()5Letmegoandgivethecoatto•A.heB.hisC.himselfD.him()6Theyaskedtodothework.A.you,heandIB.you,himandmeC.I,youandheD.me,youandhim3()1Who"sthatatthedoor?isthepostman. A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He ()2-Whorsthatinthepicture?()3-Look,whoiscoming?A.SheB.HeC.ItD.This()4Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocanA.oneB.heC.sheD.it4()1A.IfsmeB.ThafsIC.ThisisaboyD.It"sImustbeourEnglishteacher.waslatesummerandtheweatherwasveryhot.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.It"s()2Whattimeisnow?AitB.allC.thisD:that()3aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis()4is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebycar.A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace5()1Thebirdbuiltnestinthetree・A.it"sB.her"sC.hersD.its()2Haveyouseenpen,ablackone?A.theseB.myC.youD.hers3SorryIhaveforgottelephonenumber.A.yoursB.himC・youD.his6()IThebearwasshotin()2TheoldmantookthegirlbyA.herB.aC.theD.that()3HeapologizedtomeforhittingmeA.ontheB.attheC.intheD.inmy7head.?A.theB.itsC.aD.thishandandtheywentdownthestreet.恰cc.8()TOurroomisbig,butisbiggerthan•A.their;ourB.their;oursC・theirs;oursD.theirs;our()2Theyaren"tourbooks.Arethey?A.yourB.hisC.herD.their()3Ourroomisbiggerthan.A.youB.yourC・yoursD.her()4Youhaveagoodroom,Ishouldsay・Butit"snotasbigas•()1isthebestseasonoftheyear?A.WhenB.WhatC.WhichD.Whattime()2o-isyoursister?-Sheisanurse・A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()3-colourareyournewshoes?-Theyarebrown・A.AnyB.WhoseC.WhichD.What()4-isyourclassmateJohnlike? A.HowBWhatC.WhoD.Which9)()1hashappenedanddidit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what()2Whowaitingoutside?Pleaseaskthemtocomein.A.isB.hasC.haveD.arc10()1・isthatmanoverthere?■He"sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()2・istheboystandingthere?-Heismybrother.A.WhichB.WhatC.HowD.Who()3WhothelittleAmericanboyoverthere?A.wereB.arcC.isD.lam()4Whothesetallmen?A.isB.amC.arcD.was11()1onedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.This()2-_isbigger?-Theyellowone・A.whoB.whomC.whichD.It()3ofyouwouldliketogowithus?A.WhoB.WhichC.AllD.Both12()1-bagisthis?-It"sJack"s.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhoseD.Who*s15()1Heandsheareexactlyastallas・A.themselvesB.themC.theirD・eachother()2・pencilsarethese?-Theyaretheirs・A.WhichB.WhoseC./D.These()3houseisbeingrepaired?A.hatB.WhereC.WhoD.Whose13()1Pleasefindoutheislookingafterathome.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when()2doyouthinkyoushouldhelp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()3Hetoldmehewassentfb匚A.whomB.thatC.bothD.where14()1WeatthepartylastSunday.A.enjoyedmyselfB・enjoyedourselvesC・enjoymyselfD.enjoyedourself()2"Makeathome/1hesaidtohisfriends.A.yourselfB・yourselvesC.youD.yours()3LetTonydoitby・HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he()4Youaretwelvenow.mustlookafter.A.You;yourselfB・Your;yourselfC.You;yourD.You"re;yourself()5Sheandhermotherenjoyedattheparty.A.herB.themC.herselfD.themselves()2PeopleusuallyputsmallpresentsinstockingonChristmasEve.A.eachotherB.eachothersC・eachother"sD.eachothers*()3Thestudentsoftenhelp.A.onetheotherB.eachtheotherC・oneanotherD.twoanother16()1.Thisbluesuitlooksbetterthanthegreen A.theoneB・someonesC.thatoneD.oneA./B.oneC・suitsD.ones()2-Howmanyapplesdidyourmothergiveyou,LucyorLily?A.EachoneB.OneeachC.OneeveryoneD.Onemore()3・Haveyouacomputer?-Yes,Ihaveagood-A.someB・oneC・itD.that()4Hehasonebluepenandtwored・A.one"sB.thoseC.oneD.ones()5Isthisstoiyasinterestingas_18()l.Thereareshopsonsideofthestreet.17()1-Pllshowyouhowtothrowafrisby.ThrowlikeA.it;thisB.this;itC.it;itD.this;this()2-Whatcolouristhis?A.it"saredB.ThisisredC.IfsredD.Ifsaredcolour()3Thereisapenonthetable.Passtomenplease・A.thisB.thatC.it.D.whichofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;Many()2Theboyrunsfasterthaninhisclass.,A.anyoftheboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD・alltheboys()3Tomisstrongerthaninhisclass.A.anystudentsB.otherstudentC.anyotherstudentD.anyotherstudents()4Thereisnotmeatinmybowl.Thereischickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some()5-1haveforgottenmybread・-Nevermind,youcanhave・A.someofusB・someofourC.someofoursD.manyofours()6-Isthereteain"thatgreencup?-Yes,thereis•A.the;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD・any;some19()1Couldyoudoforme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC・somethingD.anything()2Thebottleisempty.Thereisinit.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything()3・TumofftheTV,Betty.iswatchingit.-Oh,no.Mum.Fmwatchingitnow・A.somebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.Anybody()4-Didyoufindintheroom?-No,wefoundthere.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC・anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody()5Ihavealotofworktodo.1havetimetoplay.A.notB.anyC・noD.some()6Aswcknow,heisfool.A.notB.noaC.notanD.no20()1Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn"tA.someB・anyC.anythingD・no ()4Wouldyoulikemorecoffee?A.littleB.anyC.someD.another()5-Haveyouanybooksonradio?-Fdliketoborrow・A.thoseB.someC.themD.it()2ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.()3Wouldyoulendmeuofyourmoney?A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.AnyA.someB・lotC.afewD.any21()1Listentome.Ihavetotellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC・newsomethingD.nothingnew()2Bytheway,isthereintoday"snewspaper?A.somethingnewoB・anythingnewC・newsomethingD.newanything()3Pleasebequiet.Ihavetotellyou.A.importantsomethingB・nothingimportantC.importantanythingD・somethingimportant()4I"mnotbusy.Ihaven"ttodo.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD・anything()5hashappened,Iwantyoutotellmeaboutit.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.AnythingD.Nothing22()1Yesterdaymorningboybrokeintothegarden・A.anyB.someC.manyD.much()2twentyboyswereplayingfootballatthattimeyesterday.A.EachB.SomeC.NooneD.Neither()3NowIhavequestions・Letfsgotoaskourteacher.A.anyB.muchC・someD・alot23()1Ifyouliketheseapples,youcantake・A.anyB.alotC.that・D.this()2Iwilldoformymotherland.A.anythingB.manyC・muchD.something()3-Didtheyfindinthepark?-No,theyfoundthere.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC・anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody24()1Idon"tknowofthesepeople,fortheyarcnewworkers.A.anyB.someC.oneD・much()2Hedidn"ttakeone.Theyareallhere・A.manyB.anyC.alittleD.that ()31haven"treadofthebooks・Afewofthebooksaretoodifficultformetoread・A.anyB.someC・twoD.both25()1CanIhavebottleoforange,please?A.anotherB.otherC・othersD・theothers()2Thereareforty-fourstudentsinClassOne.Nineteenofthemareboys,aregirls・A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.someothers()3MrSmithhastwosons・isasoldier,isadoctor.A.One;anotherB.One;otherC.This;theotherD.One;theother()4Therearemanypeopleintheparknow・Someareboating・arewalkingalongthelake.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others()5Theglassisbroken.Goandget・A.olherB.anotheroneC・.othersD.theother()6Iborrowedtwobooks・isinEnglish,andisinChinese・A.It;anotherB.One;anotherC.Theone;anotherD.One;theother26()1ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.A.EveryB.AllC.BothD.Each()2TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,andofthemiseasytounderstand・A.bothB.all・C・everyD.each()3Ididn"tknowthatyouwouldthere・A.be;allB.all;beC.are;allD:all;are()4-Arethesetwobooksinteresting?-Yes,ofthemareinteresting.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.neither27()1Hecouldn"tmakehimselfunderstoodbecauseofusknewwhathesaid.A.noneB・noC.nobodyD.nol()2Ididn"tlikethecrosstalk.oftheactorswasfunny.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.Either()3ofthemisgoodatsinging・A.BothB.AllC.NooneD.Neither()4・Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk?-,thanks.IthinkI"lljusthaveaglassofwater.A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.Either()5-Howmanymonkeysdidyouseeinthezoo?A.NeverB.NoneC・NooneD.Nothing 28()1WeshouldspeakEnglishasaspossible・A.manyB.muchC.fewD.lot()2It"sgoingtobeabusydaytoday.Ihaveworktodo.A.ahardB.alotC・manyD.much()3Theboyhaseatentwobananasalready,buthewanted・A・afewmoreB・fewmoreC.alittlemoreD.littlemore()4Doyoueatfruitandvegetables?A.manyB.moreC.alotD.alotof29()1Ididn"tgetanylettersyesterday,buttherewerethismorning.A.alittleB.fewC.littleD.afew()2Thefilmisn*tinteresting・peoplelikeit.A.FewB.AlittleC.AfewD.Little()3ShecanspeakEnglishnow.A.alittleB.afewC.manyD.few()4Hurryup!Thereistimeleft.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle()5Sorry,1can"tansweryourquestion.Iknowaboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew30iswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.()1Themanmissedthebus.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.All()2Hehastostayathome・hehasabadcold.A.ThisisbecauseB.That"swhyC・SoisitD.Thereasonis()3・Howmanybooksarethereonthetable?Onlyfbur.A.ThisisallrighlB.That"sallrightC.That"srightD.Itisallright参考答案：1.1-4AADD11.1-3BDB2.1-6ABBADB12.1-3BDD3.1-4DADD13.1-3DDA4.1-4BABB14.1-5BBDAD5.1-3DBD15.1-3DDD6.1-3ADD16.1-5BBBDD7.1-4DBDD17.1-3ADD&1-4DADB1&1-6DDDBDD9.1-2BD19.1-6DDBADD10.1-4DDDD20.1-5BDADB21.1-5BBDDA22.1-3BBD 21.1-3AAA22.1-3BBB23.1-6ABDDBD24.1-4DDBA25.1-5ADDBB26.1-4BDAD27.1-5DAADB28.1-3BAD