高考英语语法复习课件-各种从句复习 65页

GrammarNounClauses NounClausesSubjectObjectPredicativeAppositiveClause 1.YouknowthatIamateacherofEnglish.2.ThatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.3.ItisknowntoyouallthatIamateacherofEnglish.4.ThefactthatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.5.Iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.6.WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam.thatIamateacherofEnglishThatIamateacherofEnglishthatIamateacherofEnglishwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.ObjectClauseSubjectClauseSubjectClausePredicativeClauseAppositiveClausethatIamateacherofEnglishwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.ObjectClauseFindtheclausesandtellthefunctionofthem:SubjectClauseWhatIamworriedabout TheSubjectClause:1.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.2.Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.3.WhatIcandoistotellyouthetruth.4.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.5.Whoevertoldyouthatwaslying.6.Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldn’tcontrolhiscar.Questions:1.Canweuse“if”insteadof“whether”?2.What’sthedifferencebetween“that”and“what”?3.WhentheSubjectClauseistoolong,whatshouldwedo?4.Cantheconjunction“that”beleftoutintheSubjectClause? TheObjectClause:1.Theythoughtthatthequestionwastoodifficult.2.I’mcertainthathewillgetthereintime.3.Shehasmadeitclearthatshedoesanimportantjob.4.I’lldowhateveryouaskmeto.5.Doyouknowwhetherhe’llcomeornot?6.Doyouknowif/whetheranydecisionhasbeenarrivedat?Questions:1.Cantheconjunction“that”beleftoutintheObjectClause?2.Canweuse“if”insteadof“whether”inthefifthsentence? ThePredicativeClause:1.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.2.Thatiswhyhefailedtheexam.3.Lishuiisnotwhatitusedtobe.4.Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.5.Whatshewantstoknowiswhichbooksheshouldbuy.6.Thequestioniswhetherweshouldaccepthisinvitation.1.Canweuse“because”inplaceof“that”inthefourthsentence2.Canweuse“if”insteadof“whether”inthesixthsentence TheAppositiveClause:1.Ihavenoideawhenhewillarrive.2.WordhascomefromthecapitalthatPresidentHuJingtaowillcometovisitourschool.3.Thesuggestionthatweshouldfollowhisadvicewasacceptedatlast.Besides“idea,word,suggestion”,canyoulistmorewords?Thenewswhichtheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool. Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonexcitedus.Thenewsthatwegotexcitedus.thatourfootballteamwonexcitedus.thatwegotAppositiveClauseAttributiveClause“that”在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用,一般不可省略。在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。Identifythetypeofclauseinthefollowingsentences ConjunctionsofNounClauses:连接词连接代词连接副词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,whichthat,whether,if,asif(asthough)when,where,how,why（状语）(主语、宾语） Tellwhetherthefollowingclausesareright:1.Thatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.2.Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.3.Nomatterwhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.4.Ifthemeetingwillbeheldinourschoolisnotknownyet.5.Heissaidthathehasacceptedtheinvitation.What…That…Whoever…Whether…It… Tellwhetherthefollowingclausesareright:6.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasbecausehisbikebrokedownhalfway.7.Idon’tdoubtwhether/ifhewillcomesoon.8.Hetoldmethenewswhichwasveryexciting.9.Afterthatseemedalongtime,hecamebacktolife.10.Hetoldmethenewsifourteamwonthematch.that…that…√what…that… Choosethebestanswers:1.[1989]Thesephotographswillshowyou.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.[1992]WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourschoolnextweek.whatB.thatC.whetherD.when3.[2004全国卷I]Ilike____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one 4.[1995]isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It5.[1996]wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.6.[1999]—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where7.[04湖南卷]IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.howWhat,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what 8.[2001]Acomputercanonlydo_____youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when9.[2004全国卷I]Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis______Idisagree.10.[2005浙江卷]Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which11.[04天津卷]Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where12.[04上海卷]AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.howwhyB.whereC.whatD.how Completethefollowingsentences:1._____________________(毫无疑问)thepricesofcarswillgodown.2.Theidea______________________________________(电脑能识别人的声音)surprisesmanypeople.3.Ihavenoidea______________________(该选哪一个).4.Theproblem_____________________________(我们是否做这个实验)hasbeensolved.5.Thequestion___________________(谁将出国)needsconsidering.ThereisnodoubtthatthatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoiceswhichoneIshouldchoosewhetherwewilldotheexperimentwhowillgoabroad Completethefollowingsentences(page119):S1:Professor,Iwanttoknow（50年后我们的日常生活会是什么样）S2:DrSmart,myquestionis(全球变暖对地球会有什么影响).S3:Professor,canyoupredict(污染能否被制止住)S4:DrSmart,Iwanttoknow(将来我们会不会有足够的食物供养不断增长的人口)whatourdailylifewillbelikeafter50years.whateffectsglobalwarmingwillhaveonus.whetherpollutionwilleverbestopped?whetherwewillhaveenoughfoodtofeedthegrowingpopulation. Completethefollowingsentences(page119):S5:ProfessorSmart,myquestionis（太空航行什么时候能变得既简便又便宜）S6:Professor,whowillwinthedebateon(是否应该允许克隆人类)S7:DrSmart,Iwouldliketoknow(会不会有更多无法治愈的疾病)S8:Professor,whatisyourpredictionabout(地球什么时候死亡)whenspacetravelwillbecomeeasyandinexpensive.whetherhumancloningshouldbeallowed?whethertherewillbemoreincurablediseases.whentheearthwilldie? Practice2:JointwosentencesintoanAppositiveClause.1.ThefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.WeheardthenewslastnightthattheBritishPrimeMinisterwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.3.Theviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonlineissharedbymanyBritishparents.4.Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathatmobilephonesstopteenagersfromspendingmoneyondressesoncigarettes.5.ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimetothemselvesiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool. LanguageRevisionconsistofmakethemostofhaveaninfluenceonbeofgreatvalueonthebasisofbemadeupofmakefulluseofhaveaneffectonbevaluablebebasedon Makingsentencesaccordingtothesituation:Yourclasshas9girlsand48boys.(consistof)Theclassonlylasts40minutes(makethemostof)Youtalkedwithhimandwasinspired.(haveaninfluenceon)Theadviceshegaveyouonlearningwasimportant.(beof+n)TheTVplayisaboutwars.(onthebasisof) SentencesanalysisTheideathatEnglandstandsforFish&Chips,Speakers’CornerandtheTowerofLondonispast.AppositiveClauseThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany. TheresultofsomuchFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable…PredicativeClauseThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.SubjectClause Theyrealisethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.ObjectClauseSomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland. Practice1:Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.thattheplanewouldtakeoffontimethatisspreadingaroundtheairportthataheavystormiscoming.AppositiveClauseAttributiveClausePredicativeClause Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.thatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalthattheyareconsideringthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.AppositiveClauseAttributiveClausePredicativeClause 1.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.2.ItisveryimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3.Theproblemisthatheoftentellslies.4.Iwilltellherassoonasshecomes.5.Thebirthdaypresentthathegavemewasacar.6.Thatthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall.thathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.thatwelearnEnglishwellthatheoftentellslies.Thatthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingObjectClauseSubjectClausePredicativeClauseSubjectClauseAdverbialClauseassoonasshecomes.thathegavemeAttributiveClauseCanyoutellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses: 定语从句 一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所属关系whose，ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why 二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.thatthatthatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。(something有时可用which) Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。 I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。 Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that. Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。Welldone! 三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。 Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。 注意：如何判断介词Thegirl_____whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron 2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,______allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.within 3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontof Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________werewrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_______isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_______isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom where引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用where引导定语从句,在从句做状语。Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.Canyouthinkofasituationwhereyoumayusethisexpression? 注意1若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich 注意2区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions. when引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句,在从句作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbebusy. 注意:若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Isentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhichthatwhichthat why引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.whichthat whose引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose AdverbialClause 时间状语从句1.Iwasreadingwhenmymothercamein.2.Don’tgooutbeforeIcomeback.3.I’llgiveyouaphoneassoonasIcomeback.4.Themomentthebuttonispressedthemachinestarts.5.Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.when,as,while,after,before,after,until,till,assoonas,themoment,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 表示“一…就….”的句型1assoonas2.ondoing/onone’sn3.nosooner…(haddone)than…(did)hardly….(haddone)when…(did)scarcely…(haddone)when…(did)Thethiefwascaught____________hearrivedinDalian.___________inDalian,thethiefwascaught.Hardly_____thethief_____inDalian_____hewascaught.Thethief______________________inDalianthanhewascaught.Thethief__________________inDalian______hewascaught.assoonasOnarrivinghadarrivedwhenhadnosoonerarrivedhadscarcelyarrivedwhen when/while/as/during/beforeHewaslaughing______hewashavinghismeal._____heleftschoolatfourteen,hebegantomakealivingbyhimself._____ayoungman,hewenttoFranceforFrench.Beijinglooksbeautifulespecially_______autumn.Hewasabouttoleave_______thetelephonerang.Itwillbealongtime________weseeeachotheragain.Heisverypoor________hisbrotherisrich.____________takingawalkinthestreet,hesawanaccident.asWhenAsduringwhenbeforewhileWhen/while 地点状语从句1.Puttheboxwhereitis.2.Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo.where,wherever1.Thelightwentout,becausetheoilwasout.2.Asitisraining,I’llnotgoout.3.Thedaysbreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.4.Sinceyouinsist,I’llgo.5.Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmaygonow._____________________原因状语_________________________________________________________________since,because,as,for,nowthat since/as/for/because1.–Whydidn’thecomeyesterday?--_____hehadsomethingimportanttodo.2.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_____thegroundiswet.3.______everybodyishere,let’sbeginthemeeting.4._____theweatherisfine,we’dbettergoswimming.5.Itis________hewasillthathedidnotcometoday.BecauseforSinceAsbecause 目的状语从句I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanfollowme.Theysetoutearlyinorderthattheymightarriveontime.Hetooktheumbrellaincaseitrained.Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.Heraisedhisvoicesoastobeheard.sothat,inorderthat,soasto,inorderto,incase,___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 结果状语从句Heworkedsohardthathepassedtheexam.Heissuchagoodboythatalllovehim.such…that,sothat.so…thatsuch..as/such…that/so..as/so..thatTonnyis_____cleveraboy_____everyonelikes.Tonnyis_____acleverboy_____everyonelikeshim.Thereare_____manygoodthings_____ourstudentsexpect.Theyare______littleboys_____everyonelikesthem.TheWestLakehas_____attractivescenery_____everyoneiseagertogoto._________________________________soassuchthatsoassuchthatsuchas 让步状语从句AlthoughtheTVsetwasveryexpensive,Istillboughtit.Nomatterwhathappened,heshouldn’tgiveup.Eveniftheweatherisbad,we’llmakeatrip.TryasImight,Icouldn’tliftthestone.although,though,whoever,nomatterwho,evenif(though),as___________________________________________________________________________________ as1.Childasheis,theboyknowseverything.2Proudasheis,heisafraidtoseeme.3.TryasImight,Icouldn’tfinishthework.4.Hardasheworks,hecouldn’tsucceed.adj/advv+as+clausen although/though/as/evenif/inspiteof/despite1._____________sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.2Clever_____heis,hedoesn’tstudywell.3.Nobodybelievedhim_____________hisexplanation.4.Shereturnedtoheroldhabitofsmoking,__________Ihadpersuadedhertogiveup.5.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’t，____.6.Trytobehonesttoothers,oryouwon’tbehappy__________youarerich.Although/thoughasdespite/inspiteofthoughthoughevenif 条件状语从句Tellmeaboutitifyouhavetime.Don’tspeakunlessyouareaskedto.Suppose(supposing)heisill,whatshallwedo？You’lldoallright,aslongasyoufollowhisadvice.if,unless,aslongas,suppose,supposing,providedthat__________________________________________________________________________________ 状语从句中的省略状语从句的省略原则主要是：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，就可以经过一定的变动把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。现就把各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下：一、时间状语从句中的省略When(shewas)veryyoung,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。Whenarriving,sendmeatelegram.(Whenyouarrive,sendmeatelegram.)到达之后，来个电报。Don’tcomeinuntil(youare)askedto.不叫你请你不要进来。Whenever(itis)possible,youshouldcomeandhelp.不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。 Youshouldletusknowtheresultassoonas(itis)possible.你应尽快让我们知道结果。注：as在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。我们不可说Aswalking,shefoundaniceshiningthingontheground.二、地点状语从句中的省略地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构：where(ver)possible,where(ver)necessary,Laythesebookswherepossibleyoucanfindthemeasily.把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。Putinarticleswherevernecessaryinthefollowingpassages.在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。三、条件状语从句中的省略常用的句型是：ifnecessary,ifpossible,iftrue,ifanyone等。如：Sendthegoodsnowif(theyare)ready.货物如果准备好了，请送过来。Hewillcomeif(heis)asked.如果叫他来，他就来。 If(itis)necessary,ringmeathome.如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。Comealongwithmeif(itis)possible.如果有可能和我一起去吧.。If(itis)true,thiswillcasueusalotoftrouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。Therearefewpeoplenowadays,if(thereare)any,whorememberhim.很少有人能记起他。Youshouldstaywhereyouare,unless(youare)askedtoleave.你应呆在你现在的地方不动，除非叫你动。四、让步状语从句中的省略Heisagoodman,thoughsometimes(heis)ratherdull.他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。Evenif(Iam)invitedto,Iwon’tgotosuchabadlecture.即使邀我去，我都不想听如此坏的报告。 五、比较状语从句中的省略Shecanplaythepianojustaswonderfullyasyou(do).她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好。Shehasfinishedtheworkearlierthan(ithasbeen)expected.她这项工作比预料的提前完成六、方式状语从句中的省略asif/asthough后还可加n./a./ad./介词短语／现在分词／过去分词／不定式。Heactsasif(hewere)afool.他的行为举止好象是个傻子。Shetalkedtothestrangerasif(shewere)absent-minded.她和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.他打抽屉仿佛要找一件什么重要的东西。Theboyisrunningimpatientlyhereandthereasif(heis)searchingforsomethinglostonthesportsground.这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着仿佛在找什么东西。 Thefootballplayerisrollingonthegroundasif(heis)hurtbadlyintheleg.足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。Hemovedhislipsasif(hewanted)tospeak.他的嘴动着仿佛要说什么。 Thankyou!GOODBYE! Comeon！