英语语法PPT课堂课件-状语从句 43页

一：时间状语从句１，连词：when,while,as,till/until,before,after,since,once,assoonas，everytime,themoment,theminute，nosooner..thanhardly…when等状语从句 ：D２．主要考点1.考点⑴when&while&asDon’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.A．unlessB．sinceC.althoughD．When根据句意，此处只能为时间状语从句，故答案为D。unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；since虽引导时间状语从句，但意思为“从…以来”，这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多，复习when时要注意比较它与while与as的区别。 when,while,aswhile表时间，从句需用延续性动词，不用瞬间动词；when表时间，从句既可用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词；when,while后还可以接分词短语。while作并列连词，表示两种情况对比。HewasplayingtheguitarwhilehissisterwaswatchingTV.as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行，可用延续动词的一般过去式表式过去进行时。 考点⑵till/until“直到….为止”1)—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A．afterB．unlessC．untilD．When2)Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken________hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.becauseCA until/till“直到……止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词);not…until“直到……才”(否定句，主句是终止性动词);until可用于倒装句和强调句，till不用于句首。NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework. 考点⑶when的两个句型Sbisabouttodosthwhen。。。。Sbisdoingsthwhen。。。。when作并列连词，表示一个动作在发生时，另一个动作接着发生，这时就不能用while、as。WhenIwasabouttocallPeterwhenthetelephonesuddenlyrang.Iwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder. 考点⑷since“自从”句型：itis/hasbeen+一段时间＋since+从句Eg.itisthreedayssinceIleftBeijing.Ithasbeen10yearssinceIsmoked. 考点⑸Nosoonerhadsb.donethansb.didsth.Hardlyhadsb.donewhensb.didsth.Scarcelyhadsb.donewhensb.didsth.一......就….用于句首,要求倒装Eg.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain. 考点（6）1、TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears______theNorthwonintheend.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then2、Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_____itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.asBC before从句要注意它的翻译：在肯定句中一般翻译成“…（主句的动作）才…（从句的动作）”，如题1；或“还没有…（从句的动作）就…（主句的动作）”，如题2。 考点（7）—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.A．whileB．themomentC．suddenlyD．onceB thetime/themoment/minute/second/theinstant/nexttime/thefirsttime/thelasttime/immediately/instantly/directly/等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句；还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如：everytime（每次）,eachtime（每次）,whenever（每当）等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。 ★几种特殊句型结构的区别：（1）Itis/was+时刻+when从句“某事发生时是什么时候。”（2）Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since从句“自从……以来有多长时间了。”（3）Itwill/wouldbe+时间段+before从句“还要过多长时间……才……”（4）Itwill/wouldnotbe+时间段+before从句“过不了多长时间……就会……”（5）Itwas+时间段+before从句“过了多长时间才……”（6）Itwasnot+时间段+before从句“没过多长时间就……” 二、条件状语从句1,连接词：if,unless(如果..不，除非),so/aslongas（只要）,onconditionthat（条件是），as(so)faras(据..所知),providedthat（要是，如果），incase(假使，如果)，等２．两大考点：考点⑴Once---一但……就……Eg.Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.考点⑵Incase---以防、假使,如果Pleasetakeanumbrellawithyouincastitrains.Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains. 问题1：1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A．aslongasB．whileC．ifD．eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifCA 问题2：1、_____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.A．incaseB．sothatC．inorderD．asifBA 三、原因状语从句1，连接词：Because,since,as(放句首),for,nowthat(既然，由于）,when(既然),consideringthat（顾及到---）,seeingthat（由于）。（都表示原因，语气依次减弱） 2，考试聚焦考点一、BecauseVSsinceVSforBecause:表示“因为”，表示直接的或明确的原因;Since:表示“既然”，表示已知或显然的原因;for:不是从属连词，而是并列连词。它不是用来说明原因，而是用来表示一种附带或补充解释、说明，不放在句首。Eg:Itwasbecausehismotherwasbadlyillthathewasunhappy.Sinceeveryonemakesmistakesinlife,youneedn’tscoldhimforit.Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging. 考点二、when既然Eg.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyouneverlisten? 四，让步状语：1.连接词:though/although（虽然）,as/though(虽然),evenif/though(即使)whatever（无论什么）,wherever（无论哪里）,while(尽管)等引导。2，考试聚焦：考点一：though/although不与but连用,但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.所以though(although)…yet(still)的格式是正确的 考点二：while尽管eg.WhileIhavesympathyforyou,Ican’thelpyou.考点三：Whether---不管，常与ornot连用Eg.Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad.考点四：nomatter+疑问词相当于疑问词+ever:不管…都…Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind. 考点五：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heknowsalot. 1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthoughAB 1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．whereverAB nomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome 五、地点状语从句:where/wherever（wherever---无论哪里）考点聚焦：地点状语从句和where定语从句的区别：Tips:判断是定语从句还是地点状语从句，要看从句前是否有先行词，有先行词的是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Eg.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks. 引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.区分由where引导的从句Youaretofinditwhereyouliftit.Tellmetheplacewherehelives.Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.状语从句定语从句宾语从句主语从句表语从句 六、结果状语从句1.连接词：sothat（=inorderto因而）,so…that.（太..以至于），such…that（太…以至于）2.考试聚焦：考点句型(1)so+形容词/副词+that从句；(2)sucha/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句;(3)so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句；（4）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 状语从句要注意的几点:1.在“时间、条件、让步”三种状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。 1、Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone______somequickrepairwork.AhasdoneBisdoingCdoesDhaddone2、Itisalmostfiveyears_______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.whenCB 2.状语从句的省略当从句的主语与主句的主语相同,从句的谓语有be,可省去主语与动词be.While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.2)当从句是itis+表语时,itis可省去If(itis)possible,Ishouldliketohavetwocopiesofit. Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_____.beingfullyacceptedhavingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptedD.fullyacceptA 状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：①否定词开头；②so加adj.开头；③as/though引导的让步状语从句。 1、Sodifficult_____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_____howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealizeDA EX: 1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen____hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_____itisneeded.A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when 3.Rosesneedspecialcare_____theycanlivethroughwinter.BecauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as4.Theywantedtocharge$5,000forthecar,____wemanagedtobringthepricedown.A.butB.soC.whenD.since 5.---Whatwouldyoudoifit_____tomorrow?----Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining6.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s____Ihavetowait.A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asif 7.Itisalmostfiveyears_____wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when8.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroke___hislittlebotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because 9.I’mliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat10.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_____difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although 11.Agodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity____hereachestheendofthestory.whenB.unless.C.afterD.unhill12.Heneverthoughtthathissuccesscame____heleastwantedit.A.whileB.whenC.untilD.since 13.Foodshortagewilllongbeaworldwideproblem____muchhasbeendonetosupplyenoughforeveryone.beforeB.ifC.sinceD.although14.----Doyouthinkwecanetthereontime?-----Yes,____thecardoesn’tbreakdown.A.ifonlyB.evenifC.incaseD.solongas 15.Itwassometimelater_____werealizedthetruth.untilB.beforeC.thatD.since16.Howcantheylearnmuch___theyspendsomuchtimehangingabout?althoughB.whenC.whatD.before17.Lucy,theboywasfrightenedbytheterriblenoisefromthenextroom.takehim____it’squiet,Ithink.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.before